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This research report assesses the state of the press and the needs for journalism training in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Mexico. It is based upon discussions in these countries during 1992 and 1993 with reporters, editors, publishers, broadcasters, broadcast owners, government officials, business people, and scholars. Separate chapters provide brief surveys of the recent history and current conditions of the media in each of the countries. A summary chapter examines issues that are significant across all four countries. These include: (1) the relationship between government and the media; (2) economics and the media; (3) the role of investigative reporting; (4) coverage of critical policy decisions; and (5) the profession of journalism. The report reviews programs based in the United States that provide training and assistance to the Latin American media and makes suggestions for improving these programs. (LH)

Policy issues concerning foreign students that affect decision makers of U.S. colleges and universities were studied, along with the views of institutional representatives concerning the presence of foreign students, problems areas they perceive, and the formation and implementation of policy regarding these students. Attention was focused on three states: Florida, Ohio, and California, as well as two institutions in other states that are greatly involved in international programs: Columbia University and Michigan State University. In addition to the college staff and students, opinions were solicited from college trustees, state legislators, and aides to governors. The following policy issues were covered: the survival of certain fields of study in the United States; foreign students as "filler"; the export of higher education services; benefits to the local, state, and national economy; the special costs of foreign students; cost-benefit pricing of foreign student education; and the foreign student cash-flow issue. Arguments for careful inquiry by the institution into the question of foreign students, and implications for institutional organization are briefly considered. Issues that especially call for national attention regarding economic, socio-organizational, and educational areas are also addressed. A list of positions of interviewees by state and institution is appended. (SW)

The effects of U.S. higher education on foreign students from Brazil were investigated in 1982. Attention was directed to: changes in attitudes toward the U.S. and Brazilian economies, and especially economic relations with the United States; ongoing ties of foreign alumni to the United States and to the colleges attended; and the impact of changed social, political, or economic views on the individual. Interviews were conducted with foreign student undergraduates; graduate students of business and management; graduate students in engineering and other technical fields; and doctoral candidates in a range of fields. None of the students regretted having studied in the United States. However, least happy outcomes were reported by undergraduate alumni, and many reported alienation from Brazilian society upon their return. Graduate school alumni had a much more uniformly positive experience. Many Brazilians were positively affected by U.S. business schools' emphasis on problem solving. Graduate engineering alumni felt that U.S. training put them at the cutting-edge of technology. Post-return frustrations emerged in dealing with government regulations and in continuing work in advanced problems. Recommendations for U.S. government, American colleges, and national/international organizations are included. (SW)