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We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics, healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and costs, health‐related quality of life (HRQoL), and survival for patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), stratified by 1‐year mortality risk at diagnosis. Adults diagnosed with PAH at the Sheffield Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit between 2012 and 2019 were included. Patients were categorized as low, intermediate, or high risk for 1‐year mortality at diagnosis. Demographics, clinical characteristics, comorbidities, HCRU, costs, HRQoL, and survival were analyzed. Overall, 1717 patients were included: 72 (5%) at low risk, 941 (62%) at intermediate risk, and 496 (33%) at high risk. Low‐risk patients had lower HCRU prediagnosis and 1‐year postdiagnosis than intermediate‐ or high‐risk patients. Postdiagnosis, there were significant changes in HCRU, particularly inpatient hospitalizations and accident and emergency (A&E) visits among high‐risk patients. At 3 years postdiagnosis, HCRU for all measures was similar across risk groups. Low‐risk patients had lower EmPHasis‐10 scores (indicating better HRQoL) at diagnosis and at 1‐year follow‐up compared with intermediate‐ and high‐risk patients; only the score in the high‐risk group improved. Median overall survival decreased as risk category increased in analyzed subgroups. Low‐risk status was associated with better 1‐year survival and HRQoL compared with intermediate‐ and high‐risk patients. HCRU decreased in high‐risk patients postdiagnosis, with the most marked reduction in A&E admissions. The pattern of decreased per‐patient inpatient hospitalizations and A&E visits at 3 years postdiagnosis suggests that a diagnosis of PAH helps to decrease HCRU in areas that are key drivers of costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Naloxegol has been shown to be an efficient alternative to treat opioid‐induced constipation (OIC). This study aimed at describing the characteristics of naloxegol users and assessing patterns of naloxegol use and associated factors. Methods: This drug utilization cohort study used observational registry data on patients newly prescribed naloxegol in four European countries. Patient characteristics and patterns of naloxegol use and associated factors were described. Results: A total of 17 254 naloxegol users were identified across the countries. Their median age was 56–71 years, and each country had a majority of women (ranging 57.5%–62.9%). Multiple comorbidities, including cancer, were common. Natural opium alkaloids and osmotically acting laxatives (excluding saline) were the most frequently used opioids and laxatives. Overall prior use of opioids ranged from 91.9% to 99.6% and overall prior use of laxatives ranged from 69.9% to 92.4%. Up to 77.7% had prior use of medications with interaction potential, and up to 44.5% used them concurrently with naloxegol. Naloxegol was discontinued by 55.1%–90.9% of users, typically during the first 30 days. Approximately 10%–30% switched to or augmented the treatment with another constipation medication or restarted naloxegol after discontinuation. Augmentation with another constipation medication was relatively common, suggesting that naloxegol was used for multifactorial constipation. Conclusion: The present study reflects real‐world clinical use of naloxegol, including in vulnerable patient groups. Some naloxegol users lacked laxative or regular opioid use within six months before index date or used naloxegol concomitantly with medications presenting an interaction potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A retrospective, observational cohort study was conducted to generate realworld evidence in adult patients diagnosed with sarcoidosis-associated pulmonary hypertension (SAPH) at a referral center in England between 2012 and 2019. Data from the referral center electronic medical record database were linked to the National Health Service Hospital Episode Statistics database to collect and analyze patient demographics, clinical characteristics, comorbidities, treatment patterns, health-related quality of life (HRQoL; assessed using the EmPHasis-10 questionnaire), healthcare resource utilization (HCRU), costs, and survival. Sixty-two patients with SAPH were identified. At diagnosis, 84% were in WHO functional class III and presented with significant pulmonary hemodynamic impairment. Cardiovascular and respiratory comorbidities were commonly reported prediagnosis. Median EmPHasis-10 score at diagnosis was 34, indicative of poor HRQoL. In the 1st year after diagnosis, median (Q1, Q3) per-patient HCRU was 1 (0, 2) all-cause inpatient hospitalizations; 3 (2, 4) same-day hospitalizations; and 9 (6, 11) outpatient consultations. In 24 patients who were hospitalized longer than 1 day in the 1st year after diagnosis, the median duration of hospitalization was 4 days. With a median follow-up of 1.8 years, the median overall survival was 2.9 years. In this cohort of patients with SAPH, poor HRQoL and high HCRU were observed following diagnosis. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report on HRQoL and HCRU in patients with SAPH. More research is needed on treatment options for this population with high unmet needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]