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Ilias Karapantzos,1 Paul Zarogoulidis,2 Charalampos Charalampidis,3 Chrysanthi Karapantzou,1 Ioannis Kioumis,2 Kosmas Tsakiridis,4 Andrew Mpakas,4 Nikolaos Sachpekidis,4 John Organtzis,2 Konstantinos Porpodis,2 Konstantinos Zarogoulidis,2 Georgia Pitsiou,2 Athanasios Zissimopoulos,5 Christoforos Kosmidis,6 Evagelia Fouka,2 Theodoros Demetriou31Ear, Nose and Throat Department, “Saint Luke” Private Hospital, Panorama, 2Pulmonary Department, “G. Papanikolaou” General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 3Department of Anatomy, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, 4Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, “Saint Luke” Private Hospital, Panorama, Thessaloniki, 5Nuclear Medicine Department, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, 6Surgery Department, “Interbalkan” European Medical Center, Thessaloniki, GreeceAbstract: Jugular veins bring deoxygenated blood from the head back to the heart. There are two sets of external and internal veins. The external jugular vein receives the greater part of the blood from the cranium and the deep parts of the face. It commences from the substance of the parotid gland and runs down the neck at the posterior border of sternocleidomastoideus and ends in the subclavian vein in front of the scalenus anterior. The external jugular vein is covered by the platysma and its upper half runs parallel with the great auricular nerve. There is also another minor jugular vein, the anterior, draining the submaxillary region. In our patient, we recognized a shunt between the external and internal jugular veins. It appeared in the middle of the veins, between the pair of valves, which are placed ~2.5 cm above the termination of the vessel. The anastomosis was fully functional, and there was no problem in the blood pressure of the patient. Moreover, the shunt was not associated with any systemic disease.Keywords: jugular veins, anastomosis, parotid gland

The article discusses the feasibility and safety of robotic excision of an anal pouch in a patient with a history of multiple previous abdominal surgeries. The case study presented involves a 56-year-old man with a history of colitis who had developed polyps and adenocarcinoma in his pouch after previous surgeries. The multidisciplinary team decided to excise the pouch and create an ileostomy, with the surgery requiring careful identification and protection of the ureters due to the patient's surgical history. The authors highlight that robotic excision in such cases can lead to faster recovery, fewer complications, and shorter hospital stays. [Extracted from the article]