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THIS STUDY PROVIDE A LITERATURE REVIEW TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THE INVOLVEMENT OF THE CEREBELLUM IN COGNITION. ANIMAL TESTING HAS HELPED, FIRST, TO HIGHLIGHT THE CONNECTIONS BETWEEN THE CEREBELLUM AND THE FRONTAL CORTEX. THEN, IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS, BRAIN ANATOMY COULD BE BEST DESCRIBED THANKS TO NEW IMAGING TECHNIQUES AS FMRI: PEOPLE SHOW CEREBELLAR ACTIVATIONS DURING TASKS INVOLVING EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS. PATIENTS WITH CEREBELLAR PATHOLOGY PRESENT AN IMPAIRMENT OF EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS. SOME ABNORMALITIES WERE ALSO FOUND IN PATIENTS WITH PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS, ESPECIALLY IN ADHD AND BIPOLAR DISORDER: THERE IS A REDUCTION IN THE VOLUME OF THE CEREBELLUM; AND IN ADHD, A HYPOACTIVATION IN TASKS INVOLVING WORKING MEMORY IN FMRI. WORK DONE DURING THE LAST DECADE ON THE CEREBELLUM DESCRIBES AND EXPLAINS PART OF ITS INVOLVEMENT IN COGNITION. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]