Search

Objective: The objective of this research was to examine the impact of Barkley's parenting training on the social adjustment and academic achievement of children diagnosed with specific learning disabilities. Methods: The employed research methodology was semi-experimental, encompassing a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design that included both an experimental group and a control group. The statistical population consisted of all mothers of students exhibiting specific learning disabilities in the city of Abadeh. A sample of 30 mothers of students with special learning disorders was selected, with 15 mothers being randomly allocated to the experimental group (receiving Barkley's Parenting Skills Training Program) and 15 to the control group. The implementation of Barkley's Parenting Skills Training Program (PSTP) occurred over the course of 8 sessions, each lasting 90 minutes. The instruments for measurement comprised Bell's Adjustment Inventory and Pham and Taylor (1999) Academic Performance Scale. For data analysis, the statistical techniques employed included multivariate analysis of variance and repeated measures analysis of variance. Results: In terms of social adjustment, the effect size was calculated at 0.12, while for academic performance, it was 0.41, reflecting the differences in scores between the experimental and control groups attributable to PSTP, with these changes in the experimental group being both stable and statistically significant. Conclusions: The findings indicated that PSTP exerts a significant influence on the enhancement of social adjustment and academic performance in children with specific learning disorders.

Background: Learning life skills can improve students' performance. This study aimed to investigate the effect of online life skills training courses on resilience, locus of control, general health, and academic performance at Yazd University of Medical Sciences.Method: This intervention study was performed on 70 third and higher-semester students. For the experimental group, a life skills training program was performed in five sessions during the five weeks. Data collection tools included Connor and Davidson resilience questionnaires, Rutter locus of control, and Goldberg general health and average grade points of the student in the previous and new semester, completed before and one month after the training program. The data were analyzed using SPSS.v22 descriptive statistics and independent and paired t-tests.Results: Before the study, the mean resilience scores of the intervention and control groups were 57.17±2.40 and 58.70±3.58, respectively. After the study, the mean resilience scores of the intervention and control groups were 73.13±2.27 and 59.50±3.50, respectively. Also, the mean scores of the locus of control before and after the study in the intervention and control groups were 10.22 ± 2.04, 11.59 ± 1.32, and 9.02 ± 3.50, 8.95 ± 2.32, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of all mentioned variables (P

Introduction: Improving students' academic performance is related to various factors. Identifying and modifying these factors can improve academic performance. The study investigated the relationship between resilience, locus of control, and general health with students' academic performance. Method: The study is a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study consisting of 415 students. Resilience, source of control, and public health were investigated by using standard questionnaires, and the correlation of these scores with the academic performance of the students was evaluated. Results: A comparison of the average scores of resilience, locus of control, and general health with the student's academic status showed that those who had a GPA higher than 16.92 had a higher score of resilience, locus of control, and general health, but it was not reported significant. In comparing the internal and external control dimensions of the source of control, it was shown that people with an external source have a significantly higher grade point average. Also, there is a relationship between the variables of resilience, source of control, and general health with academic performance, and between the variables of source of control and resilience with academic performance. Significant was reported. Conclusion: It is recommended to organize practical education areas and workshops to enhance resilience, general health, and life skills based on the findings of the academic progress study.

Background: Accreditation means systematic evaluation of health service centers with specific standards. One of the most important goals of the accreditation process is to improve patient safety. Patient safety visits are one of the most important standards for improving safety. One of the ways to increase the effectiveness of visits is holding feedback sessions. Objectives: The present study was conducted with the aim of assessing the effect of feedback provision on improving patient safety indices based on the hospital accreditation model in Shahid Rahnemoon Hospital, Yazd. Methods: The present study is a semi-experimental study with a before-and-after design that was conducted in Shahid Rahnemoon Hospital, Yazd, from September to December 2021 and January to August 2022. After each visit, formal feedback sessions were held with the attendance of patient safety team members and officials of the visited wards/units. Evaluation indicators included patient safety indicators in accreditation standards, such as error reporting, rate of unwanted events, and patient safety culture score. These were measured before and after feedback. The tools used were the patient safety standards evaluation checklist based on the accreditation model, the patient safety culture questionnaire, and other indicators extracted using documentation. The Patient Safety Culture Evaluation Questionnaire was completed by 360 nurses working in the hospital in the form of a census. Analysis was done using descriptive statistical tests and paired t-tests with STATA 14.2 software. Results: Based on the results of the study, safety feedback was provided to increase patient safety indicators in different departments and units of hospitals [t = - 4.8652, w/df = 10, P = 0.0007, (P = 0.05)]. A significant difference was observed in the amount of error reporting (P = 0.031) and patient safety (P < 0.001) before and after the intervention. The degree of compliance with the dimensions of the patient safety culture had a statistically significant difference before and after the intervention (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Providing a safety feedback program had a significant positive effect on the cons umption and consequences of the patient’s safety culture. Therefore, conducting regular safety visits and setting up a direct feedback program to each department/unit after the visit, and the follow-up of corrective measures, will lead to an increase in patient safety standards.

Background: The effluent from textile industries contains various metal pollutants and organic substances, which have attracted the attention of environmental engineers in recent decades. Methods based on advanced oxidation processes such as peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation are excellent techniques for destroying organic pollutants such as dye with a complex structure. In the present study, copper ferrite nanoparticles (CuFe2O4) loaded on montmorillonite (MMT) were used as PMS activating catalyst in the decomposition of acid red 18 dye. Methods: The MMT-CuFe2O4 catalyst was prepared by sol-gel method, and its properties were determined through TEM, SEM-EDX, XRD, and FTIR analysis. Optimum conditions for maximum dye removal were predicted through response surface methodology (RSM). The effect of anions on the rate of dye decomposition and catalyst stability was carried out as additional tests in the present study. Results: Diagnostic analyses showed that CuFe2O4 nanoparticles with nanometer size were loaded on the surface of MMT. The results of statistical analysis with R2 = 0.977 and F = 114.27 showed that the parameters were effective on the catalytic decomposition of dye. Maximum dye removal efficiency (99.66%) was predicted by the RSM model in optimal conditions including pH of 8.93, PMS dosage of 1.18 mM, catalyst dosage of 228 mg/L, and reaction time of 9.66 min. The presence of various anions in the reaction medium reduced the efficiency from 100% to 85%. Conclusion: Based on the results, MMT-CuFe2O4 is a good candidate for treatment of the aqueous solution containing acid red 18 dye.

BACKGROUND: Nowadays, the COVID-19 pandemic has become one of the greatest global threats to human communities. Presently, the most important solution to deal with this pandemic is to fully comply with health protocols along with general vaccination. Given the increased vaccination rate in the community and the change in the thought of some people in the field of durable immunity and changing health behaviors, the present study determined the predictors of preventive behaviors against affliction with COVID-19 in two vaccinated and non-vaccinated groups based on the health belief model in the Iranian population aged 15–65 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted cross-sectionally in 2022. A sample size of 500 Yazdi citizens was selected using the convenience non-random sampling method using the contact numbers received from the SIB system of the Iranian health deputy. They were examined online in two vaccinated and unvaccinated groups. The instrument used was Delshad Noghabi et al.’s questionnaire which was based on the health belief model. Due to the adjustment of the questionnaire according to the target group, its validity and reliability were re-checked and confirmed. Data were analyzed with SPSS22 using descriptive and analytical statistics, t-test, and linear regression. RESULTS: Based on the findings of the study, a significant difference was observed between the three variables of income level (P = 0.019), smoking (P

Introduction: This study compared the extubation of patients in prone versus supine positions in patients undergoing lumbar disc surgery. Methods: In this single-blind clinical trial, 60 patients who were candidates for elective lumbar disc surgery were selected and randomly assigned into two groups of 30 patients. All patients primarily underwent surgery in the prone position. After surgery and discontinuation of anesthesia gases (T0), patients were assigned into two groups, prone and supine. From T0 to extubation time, heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, Spo2, cough severity, and secondary complications after extubation such as laryngospasm and shortness of breath were measured and recorded in both groups. Results: The results showed that in all the variables under study, the supine group had higher values than the prone group. There was a significant difference in oxygen pressure between the two groups, and the prone group had a more suitable status than the supine group (P=0.02). The incidence of cough was higher in the supine group compared to the prone group, and the observed difference was significant (P=0.001). Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, maintaining the prone position after lumbar disc surgery for extubation causes the patient to be less affected by the change of position and is in a superior status in terms of coughing and oxygen pressure.

Abstract Background Cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) is an urgency, which is associated with high mortality. This systematic review evaluated the relationship between baseline cortisol level and the outcome of resuscitated CPA patients. Methods We searched the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Relevant observational and controlled trials were explored from inception by April 2020. The quality of the articles was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Results Finally, five cohort studies (n = 201 participants in total) were eligible for including in the meta-analysis. The results of this meta-analysis showed that although the baseline serum cortisol levels were higher in survivors of cardiac arrest compared with non-survivors, the differences between groups do not reach a significance level (Hedges’ g = 0.371, 95% CI, −0.727, 1.469, P value = 0.508). Between-study heterogeneity was statistically significant (Cochrane Q test: P value < 0.001, I 2 = 89.323). Conclusions The result of the present meta-analysis was suggestive of a higher baseline serum cortisol levels in survivors of CPA. Future randomized controlled studies with a large sample size will determine the exact relationship between adrenal reservation and the eventual outcome of patients with CPA. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42018085468

Introduction: Learning disabilities are among the most common problems of children that can seriously damage the present and future life of a child if they are not diagnosed and treated timely. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of neurotherapy on the rate of learning disabilities in students who suffer from this disorder. Method: A quasi-experimental research method with a one-group pretest-posttest design was used. The statistical population of the study consisted of all children with learning disabilities who referred to Imam Hossein (AS) clinic of Yazd (as a clinic affiliated to the Education Organization) in 2017, out of which 23 students were selected using a convenience sampling method. Patients underwent neurotherapy for ten sessions. The tools used in the study included the Colorado Learning Disability Questionnaire (Wilcott et al., 2011) and Quantitative Electroencephalography. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (paired t-test) by SPSS Version 20. Results: The results showed that neurotherapy led to a decrease in the mean total score of learning disorders. As the significance level of paired t-test (p≤0.05) was less than 0.05, it could be said that reading disorders, social cognition problems, social anxiety, spatial and mathematical difficulties in students have significant differences in the pre-test and post-test. Conclusion: According to the results, neurotherapy can be used as a method for the treatment of reading disorders, social cognition problems, social anxiety, and spatial and mathematical difficulties, and it can improve learning disabilities.

BackgroundIn addition to their educational role, resilient schools have a good capacity in response to disasters. Due to the large student population, the schools can be a safe and secure environment during disasters, in addition to maintaining their performance after. Given the role and importance of the schools, the impact of culture and environment on resilience, without any indigenous and comprehensive tool for measuring the resilience in Iran, the study aimed to design and psychometrically evaluate the measurement tools.MethodThis study was conducted using a mixed-method sequential explanatory approach. The research was conducted in two main phases of production on items based on hybrid model and the psychometric evaluation of the tool. The second phase included validity (formal, content and construction) and reliability (multiplex internal similarity, consistency and reliability).ResultThe integration of systematic and qualitative steps resulted in entering 91 items into the pool of items. After formal and content validity, 73 items remained and 44 were omitted in exploratory factor analysis. A questionnaire with 5 factors explained 52.08% of total variance. Finally, after the confirmatory factor analysis, the questionnaire was extracted with 29 questions and 5 factors including "functional", "architectural", "equipment", "education" and "safety". Internal similarity and stability in all factors were evaluated as good.ConclusionThe result showed that the 29-item questionnaire of school resilience in emergencies and disasters is valid and reliable, that can be used to evaluate school resilience. On the other hand, the questionnaire on assessment of school resilience in disasters enables intervention to improve its capacity.

Constant development and change in the supply chain lead the system to meet various risks. Thus, a proper procedure should be adopted to cope with such issues. This study addresses a bi-objective model to design a resilient and robust forward supply chain under uncertainty and multiple disruptions. The investigated objective functions include minimizing the total cost and the total nonresiliency of the network, which is tackled using the ε-constraint method. Notably, resilience strategies and two-stage stochastic programming are respectively considered to cope with disruption and operational risks. Ultimately, some random numerical benchmarked examples are applied to the model to confirm the proposed formulation's performance. The results indicate that considering risks in the system leads to increased costs, but it would be profitable in the long term. Notably, a resilient chain can prevent system failure and enhance capabilities to reduce risk exposure costs and damages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The theory of tournament which seeks a way of enhancing labour motivation and promote their performance through structuring remunerations might be one of the most common strategies to promote employees’ effort and eliminate employers’ asymmetric learning. The structure of the reward is designed in such a way that upon observing the production level, the amount of reward is proportionate to varying amount of effort different laborers invest. The purpose of this research was to consider the extent to which the tournament theory might be employed to promote Iranian employees’ motivation and increase their performance, and thereby, that of national organizations. The research data were collected from a sample of employees at Kalleh Company in 2016. The research questions were answered using Multiperson Tournament with N employees and N reward. The findings indicated that keeping the reward constant, the tournament size could not significantly impact the effort level nor could the amount of reward. Hence, neither of these might be considered as motivation promoting devices to optimize performance. On the other hand, firms prefer larger tournaments with regard to the constant cost required for executing them.