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The change in dispersion of high-frequency excitations in fluids, from an oscillating solidlike to a monotonic gaslike one, is shown for the first time to affect thermal behavior of heat capacity and the q-gap width in reciprocal space. With in silico study of liquified noble gases, liquid iron, liquid mercury, and model fluids, we established universal bilinear dependence of heat capacity on q-gap width, whereas the crossover precisely corresponds to the change in the excitation spectra. The results open novel prospects for studies of various fluids, from simple to molecular liquids and melts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Newton's third law--the action-reaction symmetry--can be violated for effective interbody forces in open and nonequilibrium systems that are ubiquitous in areas as diverse as complex plasmas, colloidal suspensions, active and living soft matter, and social behavior. While studying monolayer complex plasma (confined charged particles in an ionized gas) with nonreciprocal interactions mediated by plasma flows, in silico we found that an interplay between melting and thermal activation drastically transforms the collective dynamics: the order-disorder transition modifies the system's thermal steady state so that the crystal tends to melt, whereas the fluid tends to freeze, jumping chaotically between the two states. We identified this collective chaotic behavior as strange attractors formed in a monolayer complex plasma and link the strange attractor behavior to the specifics of interparticle interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]