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Mariana Ramírez Mejía,1 Leticia Arroyo Muñoz,1 Ana Beatriz Medina Perez,1 Cristina Mendoza Velasquez,1 Jimena Ceja Martínez,1 Azyadeh Camacho Ordonez,1 Oscar Guerrero-Berger1,2 1Department of Anterior Segment Surgery, Fundación Hospital Nuestra Señora de la Luz, Mexico City, Mexico; 2Centro Oftalmológico Mira, Mexico City, MéxicoCorrespondence: Oscar Guerrero-Berger, Department of Anterior Segment Surgery, Fundación Hospital Nuestra Señora de la Luz, Ezequiel Montes 135, Tabacalera, Cuauhtémoc, Mexico City, 06030, Mexico, Tel +525551281140, Email droscarguerrero@gmail.comPurpose: To compare magnification and refocusing during phacoemulsification with the NGENUITY® 3-D Visualization System (3-D) versus the conventional microscope (CM) OPMI LUMERA 700.Setting: This study was performed in the Department of Anterior Segment of the Fundación Hospital Nuestra Señora de la Luz.Design: Prospective, randomized, cross-sectional, multi-surgeon, and comparative study.Methods: This study enrolled 100 patients (eyes) scheduled for phacoemulsification to measure the number of times changes in focusing and magnification were needed during cataract surgery.Results: Our study included 100 patients. From the endpoints evaluated, “zoom-in” showed statistically significant differences for all of the four predefined cataract surgery steps (means: Step 1, 0.38 (CM) vs 0.08 (3-D); Step 2, 0.36 (CM) vs 0.06 (3-D); Step 3, 0.54 (CM) vs 0.22 (3-D); Step 4, 0.56 (CM) vs 0.24 (3-D); all comparisons, p < 0.05). In Step 4, there was a statistically significant increased use of “focus-out” for the 3-D system (mean 0.16 (CM) vs 0.58 (3-D); p < 0.05). “Focus-in” and “zoom-out” showed no group differences for all steps. The duration of surgery with the 3-D system was longer at each step and overall. The percentage of light intensity did not show a statistically significant difference between both systems, with a mean of 99.45 for CM vs 98.43% for the heads-up system.Conclusion: The heads-up 3-D system is a safe option that offers excellent magnification for anterior segment visualization. The surgical time is longer, but adjusting settings like light intensity and brightness may facilitate some surgical steps early in the learning curve.Keywords: three-dimensional visualization, cataract surgery, heads-up surgery, visualization systems

En la vida diaria continuamente surgen situaciones en las cuales dos o más magnitudes se relacionan entre sí mediante alguna regla. Es ahí donde, sin darnos cuenta, están presentes las funciones, y lo más sorprendente es que, aun sin conocerlos formalmente, ¡las estamos utilizando! Reconocer que en determinada situación está presa una función y poder establecer un modelo económico que la represente es de gran utilidad, ya que con una ecuación podemos realizar un análisis de la situación y hacer predicciones.

Objetivo: explorar la experiencia y perspectiva de parteras con mujeres violentadas durante el embarazo y el parto en Jalisco, México. Metodología: se llevó a cabo un estudio cualitativo en zona rural de Jalisco, México, entre mayo y octubre de 2011 con 24 parteras, utilizando la entrevista individual, modalidad historia de vida pautada y la asamblea participativa regional como técnicas de indagación; posteriormente, los discursos fueron analizados bajo el modelo actancial semiótico. Resultados: familiaridad de las parteras con la violencia hacia la mujer durante el embarazo y el parto, atribuida principalmente a aspectos de género y ruralidad; señalan al binomio violencia-embarazo como factor de riesgo para presentar problemas obstétricos, siendo la violencia física la que más encuentran y a la pareja como principal agresor. Resalta su capacidad de diálogo y escucha activa en identificación de violencia. Refieren posibilidad de ser escuchadas en la generación de acciones frente a este problema. Discusión: necesidad de asumir una postura política estatal sobre la partería, que permita reconocer su papel en la sociedad y la posibilidad de incorporarlas en las acciones que hacen frente al problema de la violencia, y valorar los elementos propios de su ejercicio en la detección y manejo de estas mujeres. Objetive: to explore the experiences and perspectives that a group of midwives from Jalisco, Mexico had with women who were abused during pregnancy and delivery. Methodology: a qualitative study was conducted in a rural zone of Jalisco, Mexico, between May and October 2011 with 24 midwives. The techniques used to obtain the data were: individual interviews, life history, and the participatory regional assembly. After collecting the discourses, these were analyzed using the semiotic actantial model. Results: the midwives are familiar with the violence exercised against women during the pregnancy and birth process; this is mainly attributed tolocation- and sex-related aspects,which in turn shows the combination of pregnancy and violence as a risk factor for obstetrical problems. In addition, physical violence was the most common type of abuse, and the woman’s partner was the main aggressor. Finally, the midwives’ ability to speak, listen and identify the cases of violence is worth mentioning. Conclusion: it is necessary to assume a political stance on midwives that would help recognize their goal in society and incorporate them into any actions taken to stop domestic violence while valuing the midwives’ efforts to identify and aid thesemothers.

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue evaluar el efecto de la oferta de ensilaje de maíz o sorgo, como complemento a la pastura, sobre el desempeño productivo de vacas multíparas durante la época seca. Para el estudio de las variables consumo, ganancia media diaria y producción de leche se utilizaron 27 vacas multíparas F1 Holstein x Gyr, durante el segundo tercio de lactancia, con peso promedio inicial de 409 ± 80 kg, dispuestos en tres tratamientos (T1: ensilaje de maíz, T2: ensilaje de sorgo y T3: grupo control), durante un mes. Todos los datos fueron dispuestos en diseño completamente al azar, se compararon las medias entre tratamientos aplicando contrastes ortogonales (grupo control vs el complemento y el segundo contraste entre el maíz y el sorgo), utilizando el programa SPSS versión 22, adoptando 0,05 para el error Tipo I. Se pudo observar en este estudio que la estrategia de ofrecer un complemento alimenticio durante el ordeño, tuvo efecto significativo sobre la producción de leche p

Copyright of Revista de Cirugia is the property of Sociedad de Cirujanos de Chile and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Toxicología is the property of Asociacion Espanola de Toxicologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Es difícil generar con bombas convencionales las condiciones de flujo del sistema cardiovascular, con las cuales se emulen condiciones hemodinámicas para evaluar diferentes dispositivos interpuestos a la corriente sanguínea. Para resolver este inconveniente, se desarrolló un sistema automatizado de bombeo de flujo pulsátil, conformado por un controlador difuso que captura datos de los instrumentos de monitoreo de variables hidrodinámicas a través de una interfaz de adquisición, y aplica señales de control a una bomba de flujo pulsátil. Este sistema permite hacer pruebas hidromecánicas que brindan elementos para interpretar la influencia de las variables que intervienen en el flujo pulsante y simular condiciones hemodinámicas en un ambiente de circulación extracorpórea. Mediante técnicas de diseño asistido por computador, se construyó una bomba de diafragma accionada neumáticamente. El controlador se desarrolló mediante la técnica de Fuzzi Control®, el cual regula el pulso y el flujo de acuerdo con parámetros y datos capturados con la interfaz de adquisición. Las pruebas del prototipo se realizaron en un laboratorio de fluidos variando frecuencia, resistencia hidráulica, viscosidad y presión de pulso, imitando las condiciones hemodinámicas de un adulto y usando como fluido de trabajo una solución acuosa con 5 cPo a 370C, para simular la viscosidad sanguínea a temperatura corporal. La reproducción de una bomba que sirve para analizar el efecto de las variables en el flujo pulsante, puede usarse en el estudio de diferentes dispositivos intravasculares y ayudar a refinar aspectos técnicos y funcionales en el estudio preliminar de máquinas de circulación extracorpórea.With conventional pumps, it is difficult to generate the cardiovascular system conditions that may emulate hemodynamic conditions for evaluating different devices interposed to the blood flow. In order to resolve this inconvenient, an automated pulsatile flow system formed by a diffuse controller that captures data from the monitoring instruments of hydrodynamic variables through an acquisition interface and applies control signals to a pulsatile flow pump, was developed. This system allows making hydromechanical tests that give elements for interpreting the influence of the variables that take part in the pulsatile flow and emulate hemodynamic conditions in an extracorporeal setting. Through computed assisted design techniques, a pneumatically operated diaphragmatic pump was constructed. The controller was developed by the Fuzzi Control® technique, which regulates pulse and flow according to the data captured by the acquisition interface. The prototype tests were realized in a fluids laboratory by varying frequency, hydraulic resistance, viscosity and pulse pressure, emulating hemodynamic adult conditions, and using as work fluid an aqueous solution with 5 cPo at 37°C for mimicking blood viscosity at corporal temperature. The reproduction of a pump that serves for analyzing the effect of variables in the pulsatile flow may be used in the study of different intravascular devices and help to refine technical and functional aspects in the preliminary study of extracorporeal circulation machines.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate, over a six month period, the reduction of gingival recession using a bilaminar technique employing a sub-epithelial free connective tissue graft placed under a coronally advanced partial-thickness pedicle flap. 19 buccal recession defects in 6 patients were treated using this technique. The measurements of the amount of gingival recession (GR) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were performed before surgery, and 1, 3, 6 months after surgery. Descriptive statistics was expressed with means and standard deviation. Longitudinal variations were evaluated with variance analysis. GR decreased, corresponding to 89.4% in average of root coverage the first month after surgery and 78.% in average at sixth months after surgery of root coverage. CAL decreased 0.96 mm. These results indicate that the bilaminar technique employing a connective tissue graft with partial thickness coronal advancement pedicle is a predictable method for root coverage and the clinical outcomes gained by this technique can be well maintained.

This is a preliminary report (4 years) of an eight years longitudinal study. These results were obtained from 74 children: 24 boys and 50 girls, all of them starting at 3 to 5 years of age and follow up to the age of 9years. The purpose of this invesksradon was to fmd out the change in length, width and circumference of the dental arches in children through out their p.hisiologic dental growth and development. Crowding- has been one of the most common and difficult problem to be solved during the children occlusal development, We want with this investigation to learn more about the behavior of the growth and development of the dental arches, in order to decide in between early or late approach of crowding. Impression of dental arches were taken every six months on each patient and dental casts were obtained from the impressions. Arch length, arch width and arch circumference were measured in both upper and lower models of each patient. ,Arch lenght and arch width were measured with a digital microscope and arch circumference with a modified catenometer, both a high precision. At this moment of the research the results showed a statistical significant increment in all measurements when they were compared with the baseline measurements as the children advance in their dental and chronological age. As a general trend when sex variable were matched, boys showed a greater increase in all dimensions than girls. These results are similar to those obtained by- Moorrees (1) in 1959

Con el objeto de evaluar la respuesta a dos esquemas de Inmunoterapia alergénica para el tratamiento de la conjuntivitis alérgica crónica (CAC) en Individuos sensibles a Dermatophagoides farinae (ácaro del polvo) y refractarios a los tratamientos convencionales, se realizó un ensayo clínico controlado y ciego en el Hospital Universitario San Vicente de Paúl de Medellín, Colombia, entre agosto de 1990 y junio de 1993. Se estudiaron 18 hombres (82%) y 4 (18%) mujeres con edades entre los 5 y 25 años pero en su mayoría menores de 11 años (63.6%); la evolución de su enfermedad era mayor de 5 meses. Se excluyeron los pacientes que habían recibido previamente algún esquema de Inmunoterapia o que eran sensibles a otros aeroalergenos. En 14 pacientes (63.6%) se administró el esquema agrupado (tipo cluster) y en ocho (36.4%) el convencional. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las dos modalidades; en 16 pacientes (72.7%) hubo mejoría subjetiva parcial, demostrada por el interrogatorio, y en 15 (68.2%) mejoría objetiva parcial evidenciada por el examen oftalmológico. En tres pacientes de tratamiento agrupado no se obtuvo mejoría. Los síntomas que más disminuyeron al finalizar el seguimiento fueron el prurito en 16 casos (72.7%) y ellagrimeo (15 casos; 68.2%); sólo en 4 de los 11 pacientes (36.4%) que al Inicio del estudio tenían papllas se observó la desaparición de éstas, a pesar de una buena respuesta clínica. Se concluyó que la inmunoterapla es útil en el manejo de la CAC refractaria a tratamientos convencionales y no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los dos esquemas utilizados. Between August 1990 and June 1993, a blind clinic assay was carried out at Hospital Universitario San Vicente de Paúl, in Mede1lín, Colombia, with the purpose of evaluating the response to two Immunotherapy schemes (cluster and conventional), for treatment of Chronic Allergic Conjunctivitis (CAC) refractory to conventional pharmacological treatments. In patients sensitized to Dermatophagoides farinae. The study was performed on 22 patients aged 5-25 years. The evolution of the disease had been 6 months or longer. Patients who had previously received an Im. munotherapy scheme or showed sensitivity to other aeroallergens were excluded. Fourteen patients (63.6%) received the cluster scheme and eight (36.4%) the conventional one. No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups. In 16 patientes (72.7%) partial subjective Improvement and in 15 (68.2%) partial objective improvement were observed. Most notoriously Improved were scratching (16 cases; 72.7%) and tearing (15 cases 68.2%). Papillary hyper. trophy persisted In 7 (63.6%) of the 11 patients that presented it at the begining of the study, regardless of good clinical response. It is concluded that immunotherapy is useful for the treatment of refractory CAC and that there are no significant differences between cluster and conventional schemes.

Used tires constitute an environmental problem, since they are visually contaminating, they attempt against public health and can be fire generators. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the technical feasibility of incorporating rubber from used tires as a raw material in the elaboration of the wear layer of washed grain two-layer tiles. For the wear layer composed of gray cement and aggregate (granite and crushed rubber), three mixtures were designed with granite substitution by crushed rubber in percentages of 0%, 30%, and 50%. Physical and mechanical properties were evaluated, using as reference document the standard NTC 2849: Tiles with grain surface (terrazzo). The results show that wear resistance is not affected or favored by the addition of rubber and that impact resistance improves with the increase in the percentage of granite replaced by rubber. Also, it was found that density decreases and water absorption increases with the addition of rubber. The present study indicates that the incorporation of crushed rubber into the wear layer of washed grain tiles is feasible and can help in reducing environmental contamination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Cirugia is the property of Sociedad de Cirujanos de Chile and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de la Facultad de Medicina de la UNAM is the property of UNAM, Facultad de Medicina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Agriculture can use the sewage sludge resulting from wastewater treatment. In order to use sewage sludge, it is necessary to eliminate the content of toxic pollutants, including heavy metals through phytoremediation. The purpose of this research work was to assess the capacity of Phragmites australis to remove As, Cu and Fe in wastewater sludge of the municipal treatment plant in Cd. Victoria, Tamaulipas. We established four treatments: T1 = sewage sludge + soil + Phragmites australis; T2 = sewage sludge + soil; T3 = Sludge + Phragmites australis; T4 = Check test. Each treatment had six replicates. The phytoremediation process lasted eight months. We took monthly samples from the substrate and samples of P. australis every four months to determine the contents of As, Fe and Cu. The sludge + soil + P. australis treatment was able to remove higher percentages of Fe (96.63%) and Cu (47.67%); while sludge + P. australis was able to remove higher percentage of arsenic (81.18%), with a bio-concentration factor of 7.76. The amount of metals removed from the substrates from highest to lowest were: Fe > Cu > As. Furthermore, the final concentration of Fe, Cu and Arsenic in the sludge was below the allowable limit established by NOM-004- SEMARNAT-2002 Standard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Avances en PsicologÍa Latinoamericana is the property of Colegio Mayor de Nuestra Senora del Rosario and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Agro Productividad is the property of Colegio de Postgraduados and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Técnica Energía is the property of Centro Nacional de Control de Energia CENACE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study of the different engineering materials according to their mechanical and dynamic characteristics has become an area of research interest in recent years. Several studies have verified that the mechanical properties of the material are directly affected by the distribution and size of the particles that compose it. Such is the case of asphalt mixtures. For this reason, different digital tools have been developed in order to be able to detect the structural components of the elements in a precise, clear and efficient manner. In this work, a segmentation model is developed for different types of dense-graded asphalt mixtures with grain sizes from 9.5 mm to 0.0075 mm, using sieve size reconstruction of the laboratory production curve. The laboratory curve is used to validate the particles detection model that uses morphological operations for elements separation. All this with the objective of developing a versatile tool for the analysis and study of pavement structures in a non-destructive test. The results show that the model presented in this work is able to segment elements with an area greater than 0.0324 mm² and reproduce the sieve size curves of the mixtures with a high percentage of precision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study the methodologies for the evaluation of the cold tolerance level of rice in the following stages were identified: germination from sterilized dry seeds (placed on a Petri dish at 13°C up the time when the controls showed 70 % of the seeds with coleoptile 5 mm or 35 days after planting), pregerminated seeds (incubated 5° C for 15 days and planted on sterilized soil and kept at ambient for 7 days) and in the seedling stage (seedlings with 3rd leaf well developed were kept at 13°C for 7 days, transferred to ambient temperature for other 7 days). This methodologies, utilizing non-sophisticated equipment, were capable of evaluating large quantities of genotypes in a short time. With this methodologies were evaluated in F s and R2 (double haploids from the anther culture) 624lines which coming from crosses destined 10 improve the cooking quality of genotypes from temperate zones and 19 lines were identified from the evaluation that combined tolerance to low temperature in the three evaluated stages and excellent cooking quality (larges or extralarges grain sizes, low white belly and more of 23 % amylose content).En el presente trabajo se identificaron metodologías para evaluar tolerancia a temperaturas bajas del arroz en las etapas de semilla seca esterilizada (se colocaron 50 semillas en una caja de Petri y se sometieron a 13°C hasta que los testigos tolerantes presentaran el 70 % de las semillas con coleoptilo 5 mm o 35 días después de la siembra), semilla pregerminada (se incubaron a 5°C durante 15 días, se sembraron en suelo esterilizado y se mantuvieron a temperatura ambiente por 7 días) y estado de plántula (plántulas con tercera hoja desarrollada se sometieron a 13°C durante 7 días y se transfirieron a temperatura ambiente otros 7 días). Estas metodologías sencillas, utilizando equipos no sofisticados, fueron capaces de evaluar gran cantidad de genotipos y en corto tiempo. Entre 624 líneas en F5 Y R2 (dobles haploides del cultivo de anteras), provenientes de cruces destinados a mejorar la calidad culinaria de genotipos de una zona templada, se identificaron 19 líneas que combinaron la tolerancia a temperaturas bajas en los tres estados evaluados y excelente calidad culinaria, expresada en granos largos o extralargos bajo centro blanco y contenido de amilosa mayor de 23 %.