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Your search keyword '"Marliss, E. B."' showing total 66 results
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66 results on '"Marliss, E. B."'

13. Distribution of protein turnover changes with age in humans as assessed by whole-body magnetic resonance image analysis to quantify tissue volumes.

Author

Morais, Jose A., Ross, Robert, Morais, J A, Ross, R, Gougeon, R, Pencharz, P B, Jones, P J, and Marliss, E B

Subjects
PROTEIN analysis, AGING, SCIENTIFIC experimentation, HEALTH, PROTEIN metabolism, MUSCLE protein metabolism, HUMAN body, COMPARATIVE studies, DYNAMICS, ENERGY metabolism, HORMONES, INGESTION, MAGNETIC resonance imaging, RESEARCH methodology, MEDICAL cooperation, RESEARCH, EVALUATION research, HISTIDINE
Abstract

We tested the hypothesis that nonmuscle lean tissue mass and its rate of protein catabolism remain constant with aging despite changes in the proportional contribution of these tissues to whole-body protein metabolism. Whole-body protein kinetics, using the 60-h oral [(15) N]glycine method, and muscle and nonmuscle protein catabolism, based on protein kinetic data, urinary N(tau)-methylhistine excretion and lean tissue volumes defined by whole-body magnetic resonance imaging, from eight healthy elderly subjects (5 females and 3 males, mean age 71.5 y) were compared with those of seven young persons (3 females and 4 males, mean age 28 y). There were no significant age or gender effects on rates of protein kinetics per L total lean tissue. There was a lower (P < 0.004) rate of muscle protein catabolism in the elderly (1.8 +/- 0.2 vs. 2.6 +/- 0.1 g. L(-1). d(-1)) and a trend (P = 0.08) for lower muscle volume (19.7 +/- 1.5 vs. 25.0 +/- 2.4 L). This contrasted with intraabdominal lean tissue, where the rate of protein catabolism (13. 8 +/- 0.6 vs. 13.2 +/- 0.9 g. L(-1 ). d(-1)) and volume (7.5 +/- 0.3 vs 8.0 +/- 0.5 L) did not differ between age groups. Thus, the decrease in the contribution by muscle to whole-body protein metabolism with age is associated with an increase from 62 to 74% (P < 0.001) in the contribution by nonmuscle lean tissues. These findings have potential implications for the nutrition of both normal and sick elderly persons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2000
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14. Altered immunity and diabetes in the BB rat.

Author

Yale, J.-F and Marliss, E. B.

Subjects
*DIABETES, *RAT diseases, *PANCREATIC beta cells, *METABOLIC disorders, *HYPOGLYCEMIC agents, *MURIDAE
Abstract

The article discusses presents a paper based on the study of altered immunity and diabetes in the BB rat. The spontaneously diabetic BB rat is an excellent laboratory model of type 1 diabetes mellitus, with both metabolic and immunological defects. The diabetic syndrome of these rats spans a spectrum of increasing severity from insulitis without glucoregulatory changes, to insulin-dependent diabetes with massive beta cell destruction. Obesity is absent, both sexes are affected and peak incidence of diabetes occurs around the age of sexual maturation.

Published
1984

15. Effect of exogenous insulin on protein metabolism with differing nonprotein energy intakes in Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Author

Gougeon, R, Marliss, E B, Jones, P J H, Pencharz, P B, and Morais, J A

Subjects
*INSULIN, *PROTEIN metabolism, *TREATMENT of diabetes, *OBESITY
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To determine if insulin treatment combined with a generous protein intake would normalize whole-body protein kinetics and nitrogen balance in obese subjects with Type 2 diabetes mellitus when compared to obese nondiabetic subjects: 1) during weight-maintenance and 2) after a very Iow energy diet (VLED). DESIGN: Clinical intervention study of iso- followed by hypoenergetic feedings with or without exogenous insulin. SUBJECTS: Sixteen obese subjects with a body mass index (BMI) of 39 ± 4 kg/m², with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (three men, six women) or without (one man, six women). MEASUREMENTS: Nitrogen flux rate calculated from the urine [sup 15]N-urea enrichment by using the 60 h oral [sup 15]N-glycine method, rates of protein synthesis and breakdown calculated from nitrogen flux on days 6-8 (and 13-15 in the diabetic subjects) of isoenergetic feeding and days 24-26 of a 1.9 MJ diet. RESULTS: With insulin therapy: 1) during isoenergetic feeding, in the hyperglycaemic diabetic subjects, nitrogen balance was significantly less than in the obese controls (-0.6 ± 0.6 compared with +1.8 ± 0.9 g N/d, P= 0.037) but became positive (+2.6 ± 0.6 g N/d, P < 0.05); nitrogen flux decreased and net protein synthesis increased from values different from those of the obese controls to values no longer different; 2) during the VLED, plasma glucose concentrations < 7 mmol/L were achieved and maintained in all diabetic subjects. Nitrogen equilibrium observed in five out of seven obese nondiabetic and four out of nine diabetic subjects was associated with no change in nitrogen flux from the euglycaemic isoenergetic studies, but with 17% and 23% lower rates of synthesis (P < 0.05) and 7% and 15% lower rates of breakdown (NS) in nondiabetic and diabetic subjects, respectively. CONCLUSION: Sufficient exogenous insulin to near-normalize glycaemia improves the altered protein metabolism in hyperglycaemic diabetic subjects during isoenergetic... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1998
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17. Amino acids in retinitis pigmentosa.

Author

Arshinoff, S A, McCulloch, J C, Macrae, W, Stein, A N, and Marliss, E B

Abstract

A survey of fasting whole blood amino acids in 65 patients with various subtypes of retinitis pigmentosa performed. Eight X-linked recessive patients showed decreased taurine and aspartate. Nineteen autosomal recessive patients, and to lesser extent 10 autosomal dominant patients, showed reduced levels of whole blood threonine and histidine. Branched-chain amino acids and arginine were present in increased amounts in 2 patients with Laurence-Moon-Bardet-Biedl syndrome. These findings in LMBB patients are probably related in part to their obesity and emphasise that appropriate controls are required, and other factors (including age) known to affect amino acid levels must be accounted for. The biochemical implications of our findings are not yet apparent. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1981

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