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Copyright of Phytothérapie is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Migration content entry of analog television broadcast to digital and acceleration of Analog Switch Off (ASO) November 2022 in Job Creation Law provides great motivation for Government and broadcasting public. However, Indonesia still has to deal with problem of infrastructure readiness and broadcasting superstructure. By interpretive subjective approach, qualitative method, juridical normative and empirical juridical analysis described data mix, observations results, reference studies, internet searching, and documentation studies in form of Mapping the Problem towards ASO 2022 in challenges of world digitization. In conclusion, Government is committed to development accelerating of broadcasting sector through of analog migration to digital technology in line with steps to revise Broadcasting Law; Analog migration implementation to digital not enough with only Law Protection of Job Creation Law, but also required regulation complete as law basic of infrastructure and superstructure provision with immediately adapt, sync, and assign of Broadcasting Bill revisions to Law no. 32 of 2002 about Broadcasting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Video consultations were developed to allow longdistance patient and clinician contact, care, advice and monitoring which has been shown to improve patient health status. When rural settings, lack of transport, a lack of mobility, decreased funding, or a lack of staff restrict access to care, video consultation may bridge the gap. Objective: To measure satisfaction of physicians involved in video consultations services provided at Ain Shams Virtual Hospitals (AVH). To identify the main factors affecting satisfaction of physicians involved in such video consultations services provided at AVH. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to measure satisfaction of a sample of providers of video consultations at AVH from December 2020 to March 2021. Results: Total 37 physicians were included in the study, 29 physicians responded (78.3%). The mean age ±SD is 37.97 ±6.3 and their main specialties were neuropsychiatry (40.7%), internal medicine subspecialties (40.7%), and surgical specialties (18.5%). About 83% were confident with their diagnoses in video consultations and (13.8%, 75.9%) of the physicians reported that they always/sometimes suffered from bad quality of image/ sound respectively. More than half of the physicians (53.5%) thought that lack of physical examination would affect the accuracy of the diagnoses and 53.5% of the physicians thought that video consultation would be suitable for follow-up patients post operatively. Conclusion: Two thirds of the physicians had a positive experience and were satisfied with using video consultations in their clinical practices. Recommendations: It is recommended to use video consultations in following-up of patients. It is also recommended to monitor providers satisfaction over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Residents in rural communities across Canada collect potable water from aquifers. Fecal contaminants from sewage and agricultural runoffs can penetrate aquifers, posing a public health risk. Standard methods for detecting fecal contamination test for fecal indicator bacteria (FIB), but the presence of these do not identify sources of contamination. In contrast, DNA-based diagnostic tools can achieve this important objective. We employed quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and high-throughput DNA sequencing to trace fecal contamination sources in Wainfleet, a rural Ontario township that has been under the longest active boil water advisory in Canada due to FIB contamination in groundwater wells. Using traditional methods, we identified FIBs indicating persistent fecal pollution in well waters. We used 16S rRNA sequencing to profile groundwater microbial communities and identified Campylobacteraceae as a fecal contamination DNA marker in septic tank effluents (STEs). We also identified Turicibacter and Gallicola as a potential cow and chicken fecal contamination marker, respectively. Using human specific Bacteroidales markers, we identified leaking septic tanks as the likely primary fecal contamination source in some of Wainfleet's groundwater. Overall, the results support the use of sequencing-based methods to augment traditional water quality testing methods and help end-users assess fecal contamination levels and identify point and non-point pollution sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Environmental water monitoring is an important responsibility of municipal governments. In this study, we partnered with several municipalities in an extensive sampling program to investigate the effects of spatiotemporal and environmental factors on bacterial diversity in a complex watershed ecosystem containing specific environments including creeks, a river, canals, stormwater outfalls and freshwater lakes of the Niagara Peninsula. Samples were collected using standard municipal protocols and bacterial DNA extracted from these samples was sequenced using high-throughput DNA sequencing targeting the V3–V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene. Average taxonomic richness and alpha diversity differed significantly between samples collected from lakes and creeks (P < 0.05), and between lakes and stormwater outfalls (P < 0.05). Beta diversity also differed significantly (P < 0.0001) between habitats suggesting that each of these habitats harbours distinct bacterial groups. Among the environmental factors examined, dissolved oxygen (DO) level was strongly associated (P < 0.001) with bacterial diversity. Using a Bayesian source tracking method, the proportional contribution of creeks, river, canals and stormwater outfall habitats in shaping lake bacterial community structure was quantified. Sequences associated with genera known to contain pathogens as well as fecal indicator bacteria were found in every habitat. This study demonstrates that DNA sequence analysis can augment traditional methods of watershed monitoring and management by providing additional information on bacteria of interest to water quality policy makers. Future work may integrate taxonomic and functional analyses to obtain a greater understanding of pathogen survival, nutrient cycling and microbial interactions in freshwater ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was based on an external pilot-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) with a ceramic membrane compared to a conventional activated sludge process (ASP) plant. Both systems received their influent from domestic wastewater. The MBR produced an effluent of much better quality than the ASP in terms of total suspended solids (TSS), 5-day biological oxygen demand (BOD5) and chemical oxygen demand (COD), total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN). Other effluent quality parameters also indicated substantial differences between the ASP and the MBR. This study leads to the conclusion that in the case of domestic wastewater, MBR treatment leads to excellent effluent quality. Hence, the replacement of ASP by MBR may be justified on the basis of the improved removal of solids, nutrients, and micropollutants. Furthermore, in terms of reuse the high quality of the treated water allows it to be reused for irrigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents selected and edited abstracts from the Society for the Study of Addiction Annual Symposium on November 4-5, 1999 in Edinburgh, Great Britain. `Altering American Treatment Professionals' Attitudes Toward Harm Reduction,' by Perilou Goddard; `Shared Care, Shared Success!,' by Rob Kenyon; `Trends in Treated Opiate Misuse in Dublin: The Emergence of Chasing the Dragon,' by Bobby P. Smyth, Mary O'Brien and Joe Barry.

Background: Patient Safety Indicators (PSIs) were developed as a tool for hospitals to identify potentially preventable complications and improve patient safety performance. Aim: the study aimed to measure the association between the AHRQ patient safety indicator PSI9 (Perioperative hemorrhage or hematoma) and the clinical outcome including death, readmission within 30 days and length of stay at the cardiothoracic surgery hospital Ain Shams University. Methods: exploratory prospective cohort study was conducted to follow up patients from admission till 1 month after discharge at the cardiothoracic surgery hospital who fulfills the inclusion criteria. Data were collected for 330 patients through basic information sheet and follow-up sheet. Results: the incidence rate of PSI9 was 49.54 per 1000 discharges. Demographic data was not significantly associated with increased incidence of PSI9. The risk of development of PSI9 was significantly higher in patients admitted directly to ICU [relative risk (RR) =5.6]. The risk of death and readmission was higher in cases developed PSI9 than the cases without PSI9 [RR = 2.40 (0.60-9.55) and 2.43 (0.636 - 9.48) respectively]. Conclusion: high incidence rate of PSI9 and the incidence is higher in male gender and 60 years old and more patients. Those patients developed PSI9 were at high risk for readmission and death. Recommendations: the hospital administration should consider strategies and policies to decrease the rate of PSI9 and subsequent unfavorable clinical outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breakup temperatures were deduced from double ratios of isotope yields for target spectators produced in the reaction 197Au + 197Au at 1000 MeV per nucleon. Pairs of 3,4He and 6,7Li isotopes and pairs of 3,4He and H isotopes (p, d and d, t) yield consistent temperatures after feeding corrections, based on the quantum statistical model, are applied. The temperatures rise with decreasing impact parameter from 4 MeV for peripheral to about 10 MeV for the most central collisions. The good agreement with the breakup temperatures measured previously for projectile spectators at an incident energy of 600 MeV per nucleon confirms the universality established for the spectator decayat relativistic bombarding energies. The measured temperatures also agree with the breakup temperatures predicted by the statistical multifragmentation model. For these calculations a relation between the initial excitation energy and mass was derived which gives good simultaneous agreement for the fragment charge correlations. The energy spectra of light charged particles, measured at τlab = 150°, exhibit Maxwellian shapes with inverse slope parameters much higher than the breakup temperatures. The statistical multifragmentation model, because Coulomb repulsion and sequential decay processes are included, yields light-particle spectra with inverse slope parameters higher than the breakup temperatures but considerably below the measured values. The systematic behavior of the differences suggests that they are caused by light-charged-particle emission prior to the final breakup stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Helicobacter pylori is a prevalent bacterium that can cause gastric ulcers and cancers. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) ameliorate treatment outcomes against H. pylori, suggesting that they could be a source of bioactive molecules usable as alternatives to current antibiotics for which resistance is mounting. We developed an in vitro framework to compare the anti-H. pylori properties of 25 LAB and their secretions against H. pylori. All studies were done at acidic and neutralized pH, with or without urea to mimic various gastric compartments. Eighteen LAB strains secreted molecules that curtailed the growth of H. pylori and the activity was urea-resistant in five LAB. Several LAB supernatants also reduced the urease activity of H. pylori. Pre-treatment of H. pylori with acidic LAB supernatants abrogated its flagella-mediated motility and decreased its ability to elicit pro-inflammatory IL-8 cytokine from human gastric cells, without reverting the H. pylori-induced repression of other pro-inflammatory cytokines. This study identified the LAB that have the most anti-H. pylori effects, decreasing its viability, its production of virulence factors, its motility and/or its ability to elicit pro-inflammatory IL-8 from gastric cells. Once identified, these molecules can be used as alternatives or complements to current antibiotics to fight H. pylori infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Deep pelvic abscess is a well-known infective complication in gynecologic practice. However, sacral osteomyelitis has been reported rarely. We describe sacral infection presenting three years after abdominal hysterectomy and point out the difficulty in management. Methods: Case report and review of the pertinent literature. Results: A 46-year-old woman who had undergone abdominal hysterectomy three years before presented with an 8-month history of abdominopelvic pain recently intensifying in the sitting position without fever. Gynecologic, urinary, and rectal examination did not yield positive findings. An abdominopelvic computed tomography (CT) scan was normal except for sacral osteolysis. A neoplasm was suspected, but magnetic resonance imaging revealed an S2-S4 cystic collection with presacral extension. Neurologic examination did not show any focal deficits. A posterior CT-guided biopsy-aspiration yielded purulent fluid. Pathologic examination revealed inflammatory granulations without any malignant tumor. Abscess cultures grew three microorganisms. The patient's symptoms resolved completely after 3 months of antibiotic therapy. Conclusions: Sacral osteomyelitis has not been reported previously after abdominal hysterectomy. Early diagnosis was made difficult by the absence of neurologic findings. Such postoperative infection should be considered after pelvic surgery. Minimally invasive needle aspiration may confirm the diagnosis and reduce the necessary extent of surgical intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last few years, the use of ionic liquid-based membranes has gained importance in a wide variety of separation processes due to the unique properties of ionic liquids. The aim of this work is to analyze the transport of nutrients through polymer inclusion membranes based on different concentrations of methyltrioctylammonium chloride, in order to broaden the application range of these kinds of membranes. Calcium chloride (CaCl2) and sodium hydrogen phosphate (Na2HPO4) nutrients were used at the concentration of 1 g·L−1 in the feeding phase. The evolution of the concentration in the receiving phase over time (168 h) was monitored and the experimental data fitted to a diffusion-solution transport model. The results show very low permeation values for CaCl2. By contrast, in the case of Na2HPO4 the permeation values were higher and increase as the amount of ionic liquid in the membrane also increases. The surface of the membranes was characterized before and after being used in the separation process by scanning electron microscopy coupled to energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDX) and elemental mapping analysis. The SEM–EDX images show that the polymer inclusion membranes studied are stable to aqueous solution contacting phases and therefore, they might be used for the selective transport of nutrients in separation processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the fast developments in nanotechnology, the production of nanomaterials has constantly been expanding, and phytotoxicity by nanoparticles (NPs) is now becoming a major stress factor for plant growth and productivity. Considering the wide applications of NPs in various industries, a feasible way to overcome this stress is to rely on alternative sustainable routes of synthesis. Green nanotechnology is a fast-growing field that offers sustainable options for NP production. In the present study, we targeted the production of silver nanoparticles in a green protocol using the leaf extract of Aloe vera and Rosa indica as an alternative to chemically synthesised AgNP and examined its impact on the growth of seedling and root of a commonly cultivated plant, Vigna radiata L. AgNP formation by green protocol was evident from the colour change of the solution and confirmed by determining the Plasmon resonance peak. The involvement of various phytocomponents in nanoparticle synthesis was identified by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. We identified that chemically synthesised AgNP could create stress in Vigna radiata seeds, thereby inhibiting its germination. The presence of green synthesised AgNPsfrom Aloe vera and Rosa indica showed a germination rate of 88.46 % and 86.96 %, respectively. Further observation of the root growth parameters have shown that the presence of green synthesised AgNP induced root growth as evident from the increased root length with proper adventitious root formation; indicating an adaptive root development for the plant's response to its environment, which can be further utilized in nano-agriculture sector for crop improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]