Search

El autor presenta estudios comparativos de las hojas de Digitalis purpurea L. y D. lanata Ehrh. porque ambas especies son de gran interés farmacológico. El material examinado fue cultivado por el autor en la ciudad de Córdoba. Adjunta numerosas ilustraciones, que facilitan el reconocimiento de las diferencias existentes, y una bibliografía pertinente.

El autor establece veinticuatro caracteres morfológicos, anatómicos y citológicos que se presentan en la epidermis inferior de la hoja de las 517 especies de Rubiaceae (distribuidas en 108 géneros). Creyó conveniente elaborar dos tablas que mostraran la ocurrencia de estos caracteres. La primera tabla se refiere a todo el grupo de especies, la segunda a los géneros. Las letras del alfabeto indican los caracteres investigados. Al examinar las tablas se evidencia que los géneros Augusta, Bertiera, Chytropsis y Macrocnemum tienen la menor ocurrencia de los caracteres investigados, es decir un 8,33% mientras que los géneros con mayor ocurrencia de los caracteres investigados son los siguientes: Psychotria con un 70,83%, Palicourea con el 75%, y Rudgea con el 79,16%. Los caracteres que se encuentran con menor frecuencia en las especies investigadas son n (cera en la epidermis en las células accesorias) y m (sustancias grasas) que ocurren en 0,58 respectivamente 1,35% de las especies. Los caracteres más frecuentemente observados son b (epidermis con pelos) y j (contenidos granate, marrón, etc.), que ocurren en 42,74%, respectivamente 58,86% de las especies investigadas.

The cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd ex Sprengel) K. Schum.) is a native tree from the tropical rainforest and one of the most important fruit trees in the Amazon region. Its pulp and seeds are widely used in the alimentary industry, as well as food by the people of northern Brazil. Among the factors that can compromise the production of cupuassu are the attack of diseases and insect pests. The aim of this work is to report the attack of a wood-borer lepidopteran in commercial cupuassu plantation located in the district of Nova Califórnia, Rondônia State, Brazil. In April 2019 an infestation of a wood-borer insect was observed causing the death of branches. Branches containing caterpillars in their inside were collected and taken to the Entomology Laboratory of the Embrapa Acre, where they were placed in a screened cage. After about 60 days, an adult insect emerged, which was identified as Magulacra nigripennata, a lepidopteran associated with cocoa and cupuassu plantations in that country. A random survey of 100 plants in the plantation area detected an infestation level of 36%, indicating the harmful potential of this pest to the cupuassu crops in the Amazon region.

This study presents taxonomic information on 468 plant species belonging to 326 genera and 85 families of the angiospermic class Magnoliopsida (dicotyledones) from Narsingdi district of Bangladesh. In this area, Fabaceae with 53 species of 37 genera is the largest family, followed by Asteraceae with 25 species of 24 genera and Rubiaceae with 21 species of 17 genera. Ficus with eight species is appeared as the largest genus, which is followed by Persicaria and Solanum with seven species each, Lindernia with six species, Phyllanthus with five species, and Acacia, Amaranthus, Senna, Sida and Trichosanthes with four species each. Herbs are comprised of 230 (49.14%) species that are followed by trees of 120 (25.64%) species, and shrubs of 118 (25.21%) species. The similarity measured by Jaccard coefficient shows that the six upazilas of Narsingdi district are relatively more similar (75.47%) in their species composition if they are compared all together. However, the similarities vary from 9.03% to 50% if only two upazilas are compared. In this district, total 333 species have been distinguished as economically useful. The species Rauvolfia serpentina of Apocynaceae, Geophila repens of Rubiaceae and Acmella radicans of Asteraceae have been assessed as Endangered (E) in this district. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study has documented the contemporary taxonomic information on the species of the class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons) extant in the homestead areas of Dhaka, Gazipur, Manikganj and Tangail districts of Bangladesh. In these areas, the Dicotyledons are comprised of total 455 species under 302 genera belonging to 78 families. Fabaceae with 41 species is the largest family and Solanum and Lindernia are the largest genera. Total 238 species are herbs followed by 129 species of trees and 88 species of shrubs. Total 332 species are economically useful. The composition and distribution of the species of this plant group are remarkably variable in the homestead areas of the four districts. The current status of seven threatened species viz., Abroma augusta, Andrographis paniculata, Aniseia martinicensis, Mucuna bracteata, Pterocarpus santalinus, Rauvolfia serpentina and Tournefortia roxburghii, included in the Red Data Book of Bangladesh and extant in the study area, has been evaluated and described. This study has identified some threats to the homestead flora and formulated some recommendations for the conservation of threatened and declining native plant species of the study area. The data provided by this study will serve as an important baseline to track the trend of changes in the floristic composition and diversity and sustainable development of plant genetic resources in the homesteads of the study area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background The data presented here come from field observations, carried out between 2014 and 2017, as part of a LIFE research project aiming to preserve and restore three coastal wetlands of Praia da Vitória (Terceira Island, Azores, Portugal) (LIFE-CWR). A total of 23 vascular plant species surveys were carried out in three sites: one for each semester in Paul da Praia da Vitória (PPV) and Paul da Pedreira do Cabo da Praia (PPCP); one for each semester (except in 2014) in Paul do Belo Jardim (PBJ). The main objectives were to determine the plant richness of the three sites and to monitor yearly variation on species composition. New information A total of 107 taxa, belonging to 50 families, were observed, many of which are new records for the area, especially in PBJ and PPCP, where 78 and 92% of species records were new. A few very rare species in the Azores were recorded in these coastal wetlands, namely Lotus creticus, Bolboschoenus maritimus, Juncus maritimus and Polygonum maritimum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Classification is the most important approach to cataloging biological diversity. It serves as a principal means of communication between scientific disciplines, as well as between scientists on one hand and lawmakers and the public on the other. Up to the present, classification of plants, fungi, and animals follows the fundamental principles laid out more than 250 years ago by Linnaeus, with less changes in the formalistic approach although with somewhat diverging rules for plants and fungi on one hand and animals on the other. Linnean classifications obey two fundamental rules, the binomial as basic format for species names, including a genus-level name and a specific epithet, and rank-based higher classifications, with the main ranks encompassing genus, family, order, class, phylum (division), and kingdom. Given that molecular phylogenies have reshaped our understanding of natural relationships between organisms, and following the cladistic principle of monophyly which defines groups but not ranks, it has been repeatedly argued that rank assignments are artificial and subjective, with the suggestion to either abandon rank-based classifications altogether or apply more objective criteria to determine ranks. The most fundamental of such approaches has been the correlation of rank with geological (evolutionary) age, first established by Hennig in the middle of the past century and around the turn of the millenium formalized as "temporal banding," based on the advent of the molecular clock. While initially the temporal banding approach received less attention, in the past ten years several major studies mostly in vertebrates (birds, mammals) and fungi (chiefly lichenized lineages) have proposed novel classifications based on a strict temporal banding approach, partly with highly disruptive results. In this paper, the temporal banding approach is critically revised, pointing out strengths and flaws, and "best practice" recommendations are given how to employ this technique properly and with care to improve existing classifications while avoiding unnecessary disruptions. A main conclusion is that taxa recognized at the same rank do not have to be comparable in age, diversity, or disparity, or any other single criterion, but their ranking should follow integrative principles that best reflect their individual evolutionary history. In a critical appraisal of changes to the classification of Lecanoromycetes (lichenized Fungi) proposed based on temporal banding, the following amendments are accepted: Ostropales split into Graphidales, Gyalectales, Ostropales s.str., and Thelenellales; Arctomiales, Hymeneliales, and Trapeliales subsumed under Baeomycetales; Letrouitiaceae subsumed under Brigantiaeaceae; Lobariaceae and Nephromataceae subsumed under Peltigeraceae; Miltideaceae subsumed under Agyriaceae, and Protoparmeloideae and Austromelanelixia as new subfamily and genus within Parmeliaceae. The following changes are not accepted: Rhizocarpales split into Rhizocarpales s.str. and Sporastatiales (no information gain); Sarrameanales split into Sarrameanales s.str. and Schaereriales (no information gain); Carbonicolaceae subsumed under Lecanoraceae (topological conflict); Graphidaceae split into Diploschistaceae, Fissurinaceae, Graphidaceae s.str., Thelotremataceae (no information gain, topological conflict); Ochrolechiaceae split into Ochrolechiaceae s.str., Varicellariaceae, and Variolariaceae (no information gain, nomenclaturally incorrect); Porinaceae replaced by Trichotheliaceae (nomenclaturally incorrect); Ramalinaceae split into Biatoraceae and Ramalinaceae s.str. (no information gain, topological conflict); Stereocaulaceae subsumed under Cladoniaceae (nomenclaturally incorrect); Thrombiaceae subsumed under Protothelenellaceae (topological conflict); and all proposed genus level synonymies in Parmeliaceae. New fungal taxa: The new order Odontotrematales Lücking ordo nov. is established for the family Odontotremataceae s.str., based on topological grounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes the herbarium database of the University of Lomé. The database provides a good representation of the current knowledge of the flora of Togo. The herbarium of University of Lomé, known also as Herbarium togoense is the national herbarium and is registered in Index Herbariorum with the abbreviation TOGO. It contains 15,000 specimens of vascular plants coming mostly from all Togo's ecofloristic regions. Less than one percent of the specimens are from neighbouring countries such as Ghana, Benin and Burkina Faso. Collecting site details are specified in more that 97% of the sheet labels, but only about 50% contain geographic coordinates. Besides being a research resource, the herbarium constitutes an educational collection. The dataset described in this paper is registered with GBIF and accessible at https://www.gbif.org/dataset/b05dd467-aaf8-4c67-843c-27f049057b78. It was developed with the RIHA software (Réseau Informatique des Herbiers d'Afrique). The RIHA system (Chevillotte and Florence 2006, Radji et al. 2009) allows the capture of label data and associated information such as synonyms, vernacular names, taxonomic hierarchy and references. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]