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Leukemia is a type of cancer characterized by the exponential growth of abnormal blood cells, which damages white blood cells and disrupts the function of the human body’s bone marrow. It is very challenging to classify because blood smear images are complicated, and there is a lot of variation between each class. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-ALL) is one of the subtypes of leukemia. It is a rapidly progressing cancer that originates in B lymphocytes, characterized by the overproduction of immature B lymphoblasts. The purpose of this work is to classify different types of B-ALL subtypes such as Benign, Malignant Early Pre-B, Malignant Pre-B, and Malignant Pro-B from the peripheral blood smear images effectively. To accomplish this task, a novel deep-learning technique based on a fine-tuned ResNet-50 model has been developed. Our fine-tuned ResNet-50 model integrates several additional customized fully connected layers, including dense and dropout layers. Various data augmentation techniques such as flipping, rotation, and zooming have been applied to mitigate the risk of overfitting. In addition, a five-fold cross-validation technique has been employed to enhance the model’s generalization. The performance of our proposed technique is compared with several other methods, including VGG-16, DenseNet-121, and EfficientNetB0, as well as existing baselines, using different performance metrics. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the fine-tuned ResNet-50 model, achieving the highest accuracy and an F1-score of 99.38%. It also outperforms existing state-of-the-art approaches by a significant margin. The proposed fine-tuned ReNet-50 model achieves such performance without the need for microscopic image segmentation which indicates its potential utility in healthcare sectors in enhancing precise leukemia diagnosis.

This paper produces a real-time air quality index dataset of three places named Kuril Bishow Road, Uttara, and Tongi in Dhaka and Gazipur City, Bangladesh. The IoT framework consists of MQ9, MQ135, MQ131, and dust or PM sensors with an Arduino microcontroller to collect real data on sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, particle matters 2.5 and 10 µm. The data is stored in an Excel file as a comma-separated file and after that, authors applied regression type and classification type machine learning algorithms to analyze the data. The dataset consists of 11 columns and 155,406 rows, where sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and particle matter 2.5 and 10 are recorded where AQI is marked as the target variable and the others are indicated as independent variables. In the dataset, AQI is categorized into five classes named Good, satisfactory, Moderate, Poor and Very Poor. After experimental results, it is seen that two places including Uttara and Kuril are comparatively suitable for Air Quality among the three places as well as the Random Forest algorithm outperforms the models. The study describes details of the embedded system's hardware as well. This dataset will be beneficial for environmental researchers to use to analyze the air quality.