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Innovative ideological and political education for college students is to help better students improve their ideological quality and political literacy. In this paper, under the background of big data, the Civic and Political Cloud Education Platform is constructed using big data technology, which is mainly composed of four main parts: model layer, view layer, control layer, and basic services. Student behavior data is collected and analyzed through a collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm under big data collection and analysis technology, and performance simulation analysis is conducted for the Civic and Political Science Cloud Education Platform. From the performance analysis, when the number of concurrent users of the Civic Education Cloud Platform is 80-120, the average transaction processing per second is stable at 10.5 s. From the practicality, the Civic Education Cloud Platform built by big data can effectively explore the value of Civic Education teaching resources. This shows that the Civic and Political Science cloud education platform is an effective way to innovate and develop the ideological and political education of college students, and through this platform, the ideological quality and political literacy of college students can be effectively improved.

The ability to perform two or more tasks simultaneously in activities of daily living is essential. The cognitive-motor dual-task paradigm refers to the simultaneous performance of a cognitive task and a motor task, where the cognitive task can be associated with different cognitive domains depending on the patient's functional deficits or individualized rehabilitation goals, and the motor task is mostly selected from basic functional activities such as walking and postural control. The limited capacity model is the most common dual-task mechanism, in which cognitive-motor dual-tasks produce cognitive-motor interference during execution due to limited cognitive resources, while cognitive-motor interference is influenced by task difficulty, task priority, and individual factors, which can be quantified by dual task effect to objectively reflect dual-task effectiveness. Since dual-task training is similar to activities of daily living, it has been used in the rehabilitation of central nervous system (CNS) diseases and has advantages in improving patients' cognitive and motor abilities, and it is important to summarize the relevant clinical applications and mechanism studies. Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), as a high spatial-temporal resolution, portable, and non-invasive functional brain imaging technique, breaks through the restrictions on the motor environment, meets the equipment requirements of simulating daily activities with dual tasks, and facilitates real-time measurement of cerebral cortical hemodynamic changes in the cognitive-motor dual-task paradigm, which is regarded as an important method for "dual-task" studies. Therefore, this paper presents a review of dual-task interference mechanisms, common paradigms of cognitive-motor dual-tasking, and clinical applications of dual-tasking in CNS diseases under fNIRS monitoring, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the application and research of dual-tasking paradigms in CNS diseases.

The co-pyrolysis behavior of pine sawdust (PS) biochar doped with copper slag (CS) and the adsorption performance of the prepared CS catalyzed composite adsorbent is studied. Thermogravimetric, SEM, and BET are used to analyze the co-pyrolysis characteristics and the adsorption performance of PS and its mixed samples with different ratios of PS and CS. The co-pyrolysis of CS and PS effectively improves the pyrolysis characteristics. Compared with PS pyrolysis alone, with little change in activation energy, the reaction order changed from 1.5 to 0.5. When the mixing ratio PS:CS = 3:1, the pyrolysis release characteristics were the highest; the most favorable for the pyrolysis reaction. The H3PO4, KOH, and ZnCl2 used to modify PS biochar improved its adsorption capacity. The results show that the modified PS biochar has a larger specific surface area and provides more adsorption sites, effectively improving the adsorption effect. The adsorption capacity of the PS biochar is inversely proportional to the concentration of the Cr(VI) solution. Under the conditions of modified PS at 1:1 based on H3PO4, KOH, and ZnCl2, the concentration of the Cr(VI) solution is 20 mg, and the adsorption effect is best in an acidic environment with pH = 1. The high value-added utilization of metallurgical solid waste and agricultural waste was realized, namely the governance concept of "treating danger with waste." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sulfur poisoning mechanism of low-temperature SCR de-NOx catalyst has always been one of the hot spots in academic circles. By studying the surface sulfur poisoning mechanism, low-temperature catalysts can be developed pertinently. In this paper, the mechanism of sulfur poisoning on the surface of LaMnO3 catalyst was studied by DFT method, and the adsorption process of sulfur oxides on the surface and its influence on SCR reaction process, as well as the morphology and decomposition process of ammonium sulfate on the surface were calculated. The results show that sulfur oxides will be adsorbed on the surface and occupy the adsorption site, which will adversely affect the subsequent SCR reaction. At the same time, ammonium sulfate will accumulate on the catalyst surface, which will lead to sulfur poisoning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Perovskite SCR catalysts have become a hot research topic in the field of de-NOx catalyst development. This article selects LaMnO3 with high performance as the research object, modifies the catalyst by doping some iron elements instead of manganese elements, and applies density functional theory to study its reaction mechanism, providing theoretical reference for further research on perovskite. Research has found that several main reactants such as NH3, NO, and O2 can form stable adsorption at the active site, with NO more inclined to adsorb at the nitrogen atom end at the active site. The oxidation of O2 molecules after adsorption is greater than that of the active site. The adsorption capacity of the Mn active site of the catalyst before modification on the above molecules is weaker than that of the Fe active site introduced after modification. Under both anaerobic and aerobic conditions in the SCR reaction process, NH3 molecules are first adsorbed at the active site, and then influenced by lattice oxygen under anaerobic conditions. Under aerobic conditions, they are gradually dehydrogenated and produce NH2 and NH radicals. These two radicals react with NO molecules to form intermediate products in the form of NH2NO and NHNO molecules. Due to the instability of the intermediate products, they ultimately decompose into N2 and H2O molecules. The introduction of Fe active sites can increase the generation of NH2 and NH radicals during the reaction process and simplify the reaction process between NH2 radicals and NO molecules, which will be conducive to the completion of the reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The doping of different elements will make the Fe2O3 catalyst show different catalytic characteristics and improve the activity of the Fe2O3 catalyst in selective catalytic reduction (SCR), mainly by increasing the types of reactive oxygen species and the specific surface area of the catalyst. In this paper, density functional theory (DFT) was used to reveal the reaction path and adsorption behaviour of the Mg‐doped γ‐Fe2O3 catalyst. The results show that the doping of Mg ions can contribute electrons and lead to electron migration on the catalyst surface, which changes the acidity of some sites on the catalyst surface. The adsorption energy of NH3 is related to the binding sites of N atoms on the catalyst surface, and different adsorption sites will be enhanced or weakened due to Mg doping. NH2 reacts with NO to form N2 and H2O, so the dehydrogenation of NH3 to the NH2 radical is a key step in SCR. With doping, this process becomes more likely to occur. In addition, the activation energy barrier of NH2 formation in the aerobic environment is lower than that in the anaerobic condition, which contributes to NH3 dehydrogenation. Therefore, doping Mg on the surface of γ‐Fe2O3 catalyst can improve the catalytic activity of NO removal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Existing synthetic aperture radar automatic target recognition (SAR ATR) methods have been effective for the classification of seen target classes. However, it is more meaningful and challenging to distinguish the unseen target classes, i.e., open set recognition (OSR) problem, which is an urgent problem for the practical SAR ATR. The key solution of OSR is to effectively establish the exclusiveness of feature distribution of known classes. In this letter, we propose an entropy-awareness meta-learning method that improves the exclusiveness of feature distribution of known classes which means our method is effective for not only classifying the seen classes but also encountering the unseen other classes. Through meta-learning tasks, the proposed method learns to construct a feature space of the dynamic-assigned known classes. This feature space is required by the tasks to reject all other classes not belonging to the known classes. At the same time, the proposed entropy-awareness loss helps the model to enhance the feature space with effective and robust discrimination between the known and unknown classes. Therefore, our method can construct a dynamic feature space with discrimination between the known and unknown classes to simultaneously classify the dynamic-assigned known classes and reject the unknown classes. Experiments conducted on the moving and stationary target acquisition and recognition (MSTAR) dataset have shown the effectiveness of our method for SAR OSR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

NaOH, dolomite and NiCl2 were used as catalysts to examine their effects on co–pyrolysis with waste bicycle tires (WT) and waste engine oil (WEO). The pyrolysis behaviors with catalysts were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis. The activation energy of the catalytic main reaction stage was derived by the Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose (KAS) method under four different heating rates conditions. The calculations show that all three catalysts can reduce the activation energy of the reaction. Co–pyrolysis of WT and WEO with different catalysts was performed in a self–made lab bench at 600 °C to explore the impact on the distribution of three–phase products. The properties of gas and oil products were characterized by FTIR and Py–GC/MS (Agilent 7890B, Santa Clara, CA, USA). With the mixing of catalysts, activation energy (Eα) decreased by 15–30% in the main reaction process. NaOH and dolomite increased the yield of gas by 7% and 10%. NaOH can significantly improve the yield of CH4. The proportion of limonene in pyrolysis oil increased to 19.65% with 10% NaOH. This article provides a new method for efficiently producing limonene by mixing WT and WEO with NaOH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The thermal–chemical conversion method has significant potential for the recovery of organic matter present in sewage sludge (abbreviated as SS), offering broad market prospects. In this study, a novel approach is proposed for the preparation of a composite adsorbent, named SS-EP, derived from the co-pyrolysis residue of sewage sludge and Enteromorpha prolifera. An orthogonal experiment was designed to investigate the performance of the adsorbent, and the results revealed that the optimal conditions were achieved when the SS proportion was 40%, the concentration of zinc chloride was 0.1 mol/l, the pyrolysis temperature was 500 °C, and the pyrolysis time was 30 min. Notably, the SS-EP composite adsorbent exhibited pronounced efficacy in the removal of Cr(VI) under both acidic and neutral conditions, achieving a removal rate exceeding 97%. Furthermore, the concentration of heavy metals in the leaching solution of the adsorbent was found to be significantly lower than the limit specified in the GB5085.3-2007 standard. Regeneration experiments demonstrated that even after the third regeneration, the SS-EP composite adsorbent maintained a removal rate of 70% for Cr(VI). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heat stress (HS) has serious negative effects on plant development and has become a major threat to agriculture. A rapid transcriptional regulatory cascade has evolved in plants in response to HS. Nuclear Factor‐Y (NF‐Y) complexes are critical for this mechanism, but how NF‐Y complexes are regulated remains unclear. In this study, we identified NF‐YC10 (NF‐Y subunit C10), a central regulator of the HS response in Arabidopsis thaliana, as a substrate of SUMOylation, an important post‐translational modification. Biochemical analysis showed that the SUMO ligase SIZ1 (SAP AND MIZ1 DOMAIN‐CONTAINING LIGASE1) interacts with NF‐YC10 and enhances its SUMOylation during HS. The SUMOylation of NF‐YC10 facilitates its interaction with and the nuclear translocation of NF‐YB3, in which the SUMO interaction motif (SIM) is essential for its efficient association with NF‐YC10. Further functional analysis indicated that the SUMOylation of NF‐YC10 and the SIM of NF‐YB3 are critical for HS‐responsive gene expression and plant thermotolerance. These findings uncover a role for the SIZ1‐mediated SUMOylation of NF‐YC10 in NF‐Y complex assembly under HS, providing new insights into the role of a post‐translational modification in regulating transcription during abiotic stress responses in plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The iron and steel industry is a high-energy consumption and high-pollution industry. Energy recovery in its process is of great significance. Converter gas is an important by-product in the process of iron and steel production. It is difficult to take effective measures to recover waste heat from converter gas due to its flammability. In this paper, a new technology is proposed based on waste heat recovery by a filled bulb regenerator. The mathematical model of heat transfer and flow in the compound regenerator for converter gas containing dust is established. The effects of the diameter and concentration of dust to heat transfer and flow are discussed. The results show that the temperature of converter gas declined to 132 °C, and recovery efficiency was above 90% using this technology system. Resistance loss increased by 25% due to the dust; with the increase in the diameter and initial concentration of dust, the heat transfer rate in the regenerator was reinforced. At the entrance of the regenerator, dust's effects are more obvious, and the efficiency of heat transfer is increased by 4.5–8.5%. The results can provide a theoretical basis for a new converter gas waste heat recovery method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

TG-FTIR and PY-GC/MS were used to analyze the pyrolysis behaviors of pine wood, urea-formaldehyde resin (UF resin) and their blended pellets. The pyrolysis process was divided into three stages: water evaporation, devolatilization and pyrolysis residue decomposition. During the pyrolysis process of the blended pellets, with the increase of the addition ratio of UF resin, the peak value of the weight loss decreased in the decomposition stage of the pyrolysis residue, while the temperature shifted to the low-temperature region. This was mainly due to the structural stability of pyrolytic carbon produced by UF resin, which hindered the thermal decomposition of lignin-produced residues in pine. FTIR showed that CO2 was the main product of pyrolysis. For UF resin, nitrogen compounds accounted for a large proportion. With the addition of UF resin, the nitrogen in the blended pellets increased significantly. Since the synergistic effect promoted the further decomposition of the organic oxygen-containing structure, the NO release was still increased. PY-GC/MS showed that co-pyrolysis produced more nitrogen-containing compounds and promoted the decomposition of macromolecular phenol derivatives, lipids and ketones, resulting in more small-molecule acids and alcohols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve the calorific value and reducibility of the syngas produced by traditional coal gasification technology, and to solve the problem of high cost of heat source in coal gasification, this paper proposes to use high-temperature copper slag as the heat carriers and catalyst for coal gasification, and CaO as the CO2 adsorbent during the coal gasification reaction. In this way, the proportion of H2 in the syngas gas can be increased, and the coal gasification reaction can be improved. In the experiment, the samples with different ratios were fully mixed, and then thermogravimetric experiment and gasification experiment were carried out. Through research, the following rules were found. The use of high-temperature copper slag as the heat source and catalyst in coal gasification can lead to a 20% increase in the final weight loss rate. Additionally, when CaO is used as the CO2 adsorbent during the coal gasification reaction, a noticeable secondary weight loss occurs at around 600°C and can reach a maximum speed of 0.19%/min. The use of the C/S/CaO = 1/1/2 ratio can result in a maximum weight loss rate of 23%. Meanwhile, the C/S/CaO = 1/2/1 group has been shown to achieve a maximum weight loss speed of 0.5%/min, and the C/S/CaO = 1/1/1 group exhibits a maximum secondary weight loss speed of 0.32%/min. The samples after gasification experiment were analyzed by SEM, CaO produced clustered iron-based and porous structure on the surface of copper slag in gasification reaction. Based on the Coats-Redfern method, kinetics of gasification reaction is obtained, and the optimum fitting function is C2, mechanism functions didn't change with the variation of C/S/CaO. The research results suggest that CaO and copper slag can both enhance the coal gasification reaction. In addition, CaO is proven to be a more affordable and accessible CO2 adsorbent compared to other alternatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The co-pyrolysis of waste tires (WT) with waste lubricating oil (WLO) can significantly improve the quality of products. The co-pyrolysis behavior of WT and WLO was investigated by using thermogravimetric analyzer. Three isoconversional methods, Flynn–Wall–Ozawa, Friedman and Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose, were used to calculate the activation energy of the mixture at the heating rates of 5, 10, 15, and 20K/min. The obtained data were used to determine the kinetic model and thermodynamic parameters. The results showed that WLO promoted the pyrolysis of WT. The synergistic effect was shown in the reduction of the activation energy of the mixture by 10%. The mean activation energy of the main decomposition stage is 90.8 kJ/mol. Moreover, the thermodynamic stability of reaction was determined by the calculation of change in entropy, Gibbs free energy, and enthalpy. The value of pre-exponential factor is 2.48 × 107/min, which means that the co-pyrolysis reaction is not a complex interface reaction. Among all the models, the 3D diffusion model best fits the co-pyrolysis mechanism judging by Malek master plot method. The reaction function was also determined. This study will provide basic knowledge into the co-processing of WT and WLO for predicting the performance of reactor and simulating the process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the continuous development of electronic chips and the increasing integration of devices have led to extensive research on the thermal properties of ultrathin metallic materials. In particular, accurate characterization of their thermal transport properties has become a research hotspot. In this paper, we review the characterization methods of metallic nanomaterials, focusing on the principles of the transient electrothermal (TET) technique and the differential TET technique. By using the differential TET technique, the thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and Lorenz number of extremely confined metallic nanostructures can be characterized with high measurement accuracy. At present, we are limited by the availability of existing coating machines that determine the thickness of the metal films, but this is not due to the measurement technology itself. If a material with a smaller diameter and lower thermal conductivity is used as the substrate, much thinner nanostructures can be characterized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]