Search

Purpose of Review: To consolidate recent literature addressing eating disorders and disordered eating behaviors among sexual and gender minority (SGM) adolescents, including but not limited to lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) adolescents. Recent Findings: Sexual and gender minority adolescents are at heightened vulnerability to eating disorders and disordered eating behaviors compared to their cisgender and heterosexual peers, potentially due to minority stress, gender norms, objectification, and the influence of the media, peers, and parents. We report findings from recent literature on the epidemiology and prevalence, assessment, mental health comorbidity, quality of life and psychosocial functioning, risk and protective factors, and treatment and interventions for eating disorders in sexual and gender minority adolescents. Summary: Addressing eating disorders in sexual and gender minority adolescents requires an integrated approach consisting of screening, tailored treatment, and comprehensive support to address intersectional challenges. Gender-affirming and trauma-informed care approaches may be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: We aimed to provide a thorough comparative review of the available guidelines on the diagnosis, management, and follow-up for patients with posterior urethral stenosis by the American Urologic Association (2016), Société Internationale d'Urologie (2010), and European Urologic Association (2022). Methods: The AUA, SIU, and EAU guidelines were evaluated for recommendations on the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of posterior urethral stenosis. We also included the EAU and AUA urologic trauma guidelines for the trauma-related stenosis. The level or strength of recommendations is included in case of disparity between the guidelines. Results: The three guidelines align considerably in recommendations provided for the diagnosis, management, and follow-up of patients with posterior urethral stenosis. SIU and EAU emphasize the role of repeat endoscopic treatment in guidelines compared to AUA. Conclusion: The preferred method to repair bulbo-membranous stricture/stenosis following radiation therapy remains an area of active interest, focusing on continence preservation. Additionally, there may be a role for advanced endoscopic treatments with or without adjunct therapies to manage even obliterated stenoses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: We aimed to provide a detailed comparison between the American Urologic Association (AUA), Société Internationale d'Urologie (SIU), and the European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines on the evaluation, management, and follow-up of the patients with anterior urethral stricture disease (USD). Methods: The urethral stricture guidelines from SUI, AUA, and EAU were collected and evaluated regarding the recommendations on diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of anterior USD. The strength of evidence for each statement was included and discussed when guidelines differed. Results: While the guidelines remarkably align in terms of the diagnostic workup and follow-up, there is discordance in the management of anterior urethral strictures, specifically for the use of endoscopic treatment and stenting. Further, the EAU offers more comprehensive recommendations regarding urethroplasty techniques and patient follow-up. The EAU guidelines are the most recent and first to offer guidance for USD in transgender people and women. Conclusion: Reconstructive urology is a rapidly adapting field, and best practices change accordingly. Guideline statements have become more inclusive and expansive but will require further research to improve the level of evidence and continue to provide patients and providers with the best treatment plans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: 5α‐reductase inhibitors are commonly prescribed medications with multiple side effects used in the treatment of male pattern hair loss and benign prostatic hyperplasia. These side effects including "post‐finasteride syndrome" may result in lawsuits. Objectives: To characterize lawsuits involving the adverse side effects of 5α‐reductase inhibitor to better understand drivers of litigation and outcomes. Methods: Legal cases were queried from Nexis Uni using the search terms "5‐alpha reductase inhibitor" as well as specific agents "finasteride," "dutasteride" in combination with "malpractice," "negligence," "damage," "loss," "side effect," and "complication." Secondary review was performed with publicly available data on "In Re: Propecia." Relevant cases were reviewed and pertinent characteristics were extracted and summarized using descriptive statistics. Results: Our search yielded 156 unique legal cases in the Nexis Uni database from April 2003 to May 2021. Only 18 of these cases met the inclusion criteria. Adverse events experienced by patients included medication side effects (n = 12, 66.7%), delayed cancer diagnosis (n = 3, 16.7%), and lack of symptom improvement (n = 3, 16.7%). The identity of the plaintiffs were most commonly patients themselves (n = 15, 83.3%). Defendants include pharmaceutical companies (n = 6, 33.3%), a combination of parties (n = 5, 27.8%), and physicians (n = 5, 27.8%) alone. The allegations included sexual side effects such as erectile dysfunction (n = 6, 33.3%) and decreased libido (n = 4, 22.2%). These prescriptions were made for benign prostatic hyperplasia (n = 9, 50%), male pattern hair loss (n = 7, 38.9%), and feminizing hormone therapy (n = 2, 11.1%). Several of these cases involved the same plaintiffs in related cases. No verdicts were against physicians. We noted a largely settled lawsuit involving more than 1000 plaintiffs with limited data on harms alleged and a $4.3 million settled amount. Of the total cases that resulted in a verdict, 9/18 were within the last 3 years. Discussion: The most common complications experienced by patients in our legal review were those involving sexual dysfunction with erectile dysfunction and decreased libido. The growing number of cases in the later years of our review suggests litigation may continue to increase in the coming future. Our review did not identify any individual cases that resulted in a monetary payout beyond a $4.3 million settlement outside of court. Conclusion: 5α‐reductase inhibitor was alleged to have sexual, mental, and physical side effects, resulting in legal litigation. Despite this, no judgment against a physician or pharmaceutical company was identified. We do note and discuss a large number of lawsuits settled out of court. Given the increase in the number of lawsuits resulting in verdicts over the last 3 years, we suspect that the frequency of litigation around 5α‐reductase inhibitors will continue for the foreseeable future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of the Uruguay Round of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) on the protectionist policies of Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries were evaluated. OECD countries have imposed both tariff and nontariff barriers on exports of developing countries. These trade barriers have had a negative effect on the economic growth of developing countries. It was argued that the Uruguay Round will greatly reduce the use of non-tariff trade measures among the participating countries of the GATT.

As pressure intensifies for global action to protect the environment, increasing numbers of developing-country governments will be confronted with demands that they adopt policies more sensitive to the environment and [...], Patrick Low, Senior Economist at the World Bank, comments on the concerns of developing countries in the face of growing demand for international environmental protection.

The impact of leadership styles on corporate governance, from the case study of Singapore business executives, is examined.

The changing presentation of punishment, in particular execution, has been at the heart of much criminal historiography. However, little work has been done to examine the transition outside of London. Newcastle offers a fascinating perspective on any national picture of capital punishment, as it adopted changes far later than most, including close neighbours like Durham. This article questions why so late a transition occurred and what the motivating factors were. Focusing on executions between 1844 and 1863 it will show that far from being led by London, the decisions were largely reactive to immediate crises, chief amongst them an unruly crowd, and not underpinned by any ideological bent. In short, it will argue for caution in speaking of a unified national change in punishment when even to speak of a regional one is problematic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces readers to two different levels of wealth management in one of the smallest yet richest country in Asia: sovereign wealth fund (SWF) and wealth management services offered through financial institutions in Brunei. The objectives of the study are to discuss issues concerning the country's SWF and examine the challenges and potential of positioning the country as a wealth management centre. The Brunei Investment Agency (BIA), one of the biggest SWFs in the world, is known for its lack of transparency and is ranked among the most secretive of SWFs. This study will contribute to the literature by shedding some light on the need for change in the future of SWF management and the rising need for Bruneians' wealth management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, by speaking to several Confucian respondents in the three Asian countries of Brunei, Malaysia and Singapore, the practitioner-academician examines self-discipline and the 9Ps, perceived through the Confucian visor. More specifically, the article offers self-discipline ways and pointers that bolster the various leadership qualities and character of a person, making the person a good leader. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – This paper aims to examine the influence and applications of both the technology acceptance model (TAM) and the diffusion of innovation (DOI) model on the intention to use advanced mobile phone services (AMPS) among Bangladeshi users. It also seeks to examine the moderating role of attitude towards use in the AMPS research model. Design/methodology/approach – This is a quantitative study. A questionnaire was developed from previous studies and data were collected from young people between 18 and 31 years of age in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Regression was employed to test the hypotheses. Findings – The results indicate that perceived usefulness and compatibility are key factors for using AMPS, while other factors such as perceived ease of use and complexity are not as significant. Findings also confirm that attitudes towards use play a moderating role between perceived usefulness/complexity and intention to use AMPS. Research limitations/implications – Future research is required as this paper focuses only on the younger age range in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Practical implications – Findings indicate that AMPS can be used by younger segments of the population if the elements of TAM and DOI theory are emphasised. Originality/value – The paper reinforces the body of knowledge relating to AMPS in the telecommunications industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the authors present and discuss the views of Mahatma Gandhi with respect to the value of humility. For Gandhi, a leader, who is to serve others, must be humble. (S)he is not to be served; if (s)he is not humble, (s)he cannot serve; (s)he will be more concerned with him(her)self. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a future research direction which may help shape the future of electronic health systems. It offers an examination of customers' expectations concerning the process of empowerment through CRM 2.0 to help customers more proficient in dealing with their own healthcare issues. The results of a survey regarding the empowerment of e-health services conducted in Brunei Darussalam are also presented.

The article analyzes the interface between climate change policy and trade policy established by the World Trade Organization (WTO). The importance of adopting policies that address carbon leakage and international competitiveness issues is emphasized. Greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is discussed.

Here in this paper, the practitioner-academician/ researcher examines how a 0Confucian, following the Old Master, resolves conflicts. With various quotes from The Analects and several other sources, several key strategies and ways of conflict resolution, the Confucian way, are discussed. These strategies and ways include, for example, speaking correctly, carrying oneself well (- being a gentleperson; junzi) and being trustworthy, preferring good relationships and valuing harmony, and being patient as well as enduring problems and difficulties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the practitioner-academician reflects on Zen and the tea ceremony (chano-yu, chadō or sadō), the way of tea, and what tea drinking means in Japan. The article examines the connection between Zen, relationships and tea drinking. Insights are made onto the social etiquette of tea drinking or tea ceremonies in Japan which is an essential component of the Japanese culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

All of us hunger for what elevates. This paper deals with what makes a leader, and it highlights the core values and highest principles of a leader, coming from within and extending out to reach and impact the leader's followers. The core values that the leaders uphold supply them the upper-hand when leading. It also gives them the motivation as well as the spiritual ballast. In short, the paper also speaks of the benefits of inner leadership and relates them to the readers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many of the stories that surround the life of St. Francis Assisi, the patron saint of animals, nature and the environment, deal with his love for animals and creatures, big and small. In this practical paper, the practitioner-author examines various ways of appreciating, axiomatically liking and loving nature through the saintly way of Saint Francis Assisi where birds and creatures normally surround him. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the author is highlighting the advantages and benefits of being old, and that old is gold. It is also hoped that the paper would make those who are young to better understand the challenges of age while it brings together several helpful pointers to make our lives happy at whichever life-stage we are in. And these include being positive, keeping an open mind and having a warm heart as well as learning, mentoring and advising. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the use of technology for conflict resolution. The authors say that when couple quarrels or when they are physically separated, they need to view the photographs or videos of the time when they were together so that good memories are relived. The use of mobile phones, webcams and short messages called tweets on Twitter.com or with a mobile device can help in resolving conflicts. DNA technology analyzes and compares DNA extracted from blood samples contributed by family members, and can be used for supplying evidences for conflict resolution in cases, particularly, to determine family's matching genetic profiles.

The study, an update of a study made in 2005, begins by defining values, and through literature survey highlights that corporate leaders - through their own values held - play a large part, if not a key role in molding their organizations and establishing their organizations' core values. Using Low's (2009, 2002) study/thesis as a foundational resource and data where twelve key Singaporean values were uncovered, this further research study, by means of questionnaire survey-cum-interviews, examines the core values held by Singapore's corporate leaders when running their Singapore companies. A framework with local analogies or metaphors, are then drawn. The results indicate that a pattern can be extrapolated to portray the various Singapore corporate cultures in existence, and implications of findings for corporate leaders are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Bhagavad Gita, Tthe sacred song of God composed about 200 BC,T is really ancient truths for our modern world, and these will be related to the art and wisdom of ssential leadership. Here, in this short essay, the practitioner-academician author examines the various tenets of the Bhagavad Gita and applies them and their relevance to leadership. Some of these teachings will indeed inspire the readers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Governments are striving to define the terms of international cooperation to address climate change. This paper considers whether there are lessons to be learned from more than six decades of international cooperation on trade through the GATT/WTO. It argues that in comparison to trade cooperation, the climate change negotiations are taking place against a background of great uncertainty, a long gap in time between actions and results, significant distributional issues, basic differences among parties in terms of the appropriate balance of national responsibilities for action, and sharp differences over policy approaches. All these factors make the negotiations more complex and less likely to result in the kind of detailed policy commitments that characterize the GATT/WTO. Nevertheless, the paper argues that excessive imprecision or reliance or voluntarism at the national level will result in insufficient effort to address the challenges of climate change. A universal agreement with differentiated but clear obligations, a phased approach to the assumption of these obligations, and creative flexibilities offer the best chance of success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the impact of motivational ideas and insights with regards to Sun Tzu, the Chinese philosopher and Taoist Master strategist's reference to motivation in his art of war treatise as well as identifying one's own key source of motivation. The researchers examined the key sources of motivation formulated by Sun Tsu including one's action in conformity of Tao principles, communication, and by setting oneself as a good example. The study concludes that Sun Tzu's motivational ideas are effective in gaining workforce momentum. It explains an analogy that when people are skillfully led, it is like round rocks rolling down a high mountain, which is considered a great force.

In this paper, when place marketing Singapore - the Lion-city - making it a global magnet, the critical importance of strategic maintenance is uncovered and emphasized. Here, strategic maintenance and marketing is linked to leadership excellence in ensuring market leadership in place marketing; and this perspective is seen through the Singapore visor. The paper is also intended to specifically deal with the concept, reasons for as well as use and applications of continuous improvement and its effects and impact in place marketing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, when place marketing Singapore - the Lion-city - making it a global magnet, the critical importance of strategic maintenance is uncovered and emphasized. Here, strategic maintenance and marketing is linked to leadership excellence in ensuring market leadership in place marketing; and this perspective is seen through the Singapore visor. The paper is also intended to specifically deal with the concept, reasons for as well as use and applications of continuous improvement and its effects and impact in place marketing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to gain an understanding of the theory, use, practice, and benefits of the father leadership in small businesses in Kazakhstan. Design/methodology/approach - A hybrid or combination of both the focus group and interviewing data collection methods. Findings - Father leadership strengthens communications within the small businesses, and the business owners' relationships with their employees. It motivates them to be highly productive too. Research limitations/implications - The focus groups were held in Almaty and it appears as if the sessions were limited to that city. Almaty however is large and cosmopolitan hence the focus groups' findings can be considered as representative of Kazakhstani society. Practical implications - Business is always looking for an edge over the competition. The study highlights that the edge in small business management comes not only from investments in technology or time planning but rather from "the soft skills" aspects, that is, father leadership. The relevance and usefulness of the father leadership's 5Cs approach is assessed, and the use and perceived value of that "all-in-the-family" touch to ensure business success were also highlighted. Originality/value - The article provides a continuing perspective on the father leadership in small businesses in Kazakhstan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of the value of diversity in business in Kazakhstan, analysing the possible opportunities, benefits and, if any, negatives or downsides for companies that diversity can bring. Design/rnethodology/approach - Focus groups and interviews. Findings The position of women and minorities were uncovered. The findings also show how open are the Kazakhstani people to foreigners and to what extent are foreigners accepted in Kazakhstan. Research limitations/implications - Though supplemented with interviews, more focus groups may be applied. The study has been limited to Almaty, the most diverse city in Kazakhstan. Perhaps it would have different results if it had been conducted in other major cities. Practical implications Allows a survey of the possible opportunities/benefits and threats/costs of diversity that may be reaped by the Republic of Kazakhstan. Originality/value - Provides continuing perspectives on the issue of diversity, which is one of the globalisation impacts or waves affecting organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To characterize circumcision-related litigation in the United States (US) and factors predictive of lawsuit outcome. Circumcision is a common urologic procedure with medical and ethical nuances.Methods: We reviewed the Nexis Uni legal database for state and federal cases using the term "circumcision" in combination with "medical malpractice" or "negligence" or "medical error" or "complication" or "malpractice" or "tort". Litigation primarily related to circumcision from 1939 to 2021 were reviewed for medical and legal details.Results: We identified 77 unique cases. Most cases were processed in state (87%) or appellate (59%) court systems with negligent surgical performance as the most common lawsuit reason (49%). Of reported specialties, urology was the highest proportion represented among named physicians (29%) and most patients were minors at time of circumcision (64%) and lawsuit (59%). Common complications included aesthetic dissatisfaction (20%), pain (19%), impaired sexual function (17%) and surgical trauma/injury (16%). Most verdicts favored physicians (59%), but when against physicians, the median indemnity was $175,000. Lawsuits due to negligent informed consent were significantly more likely to result in verdict favoring the physician compared to those due to negligent surgical performance.Conclusions: Circumcision-related litigation in the US is rare and trial verdicts favor physicians, particularly in federal court cases or when parties allege negligent informed consent. Cases that favored plaintiffs successfully alleged negligent surgical technique. We recommend physicians performing circumcisions receive proper training, clearly communicate potential complications, and ensure appropriate indications for adult patients to reduce malpractice risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To assess the volume of foley catheter balloon rupture and the incidence of free fragment formation.Materials and Methods: Forty Latex and 30 Silicone catheters of common sizes (14-20 French) were inflated with sterile water in an aqueous environment without positive pressure. Catheters producing fragments, fragment size, and maximum instilled volume prior to rupture ("burst volume") were recorded. A subset of catheters was inflated to recommended balloon volume and the balloon was needle punctured.Results: Of the 40 latex catheters, 32 (80%) produced a free fragment during spontaneous rupture. Fragments ranged from 2.1 to 3.2 cm with an average size of 2.74 ± 0.33 cm. Latex catheters had average burst volume of 83 mL, 90 mL, 112 mL,120 mL, and 422 mL for 14 Fr, 16 Fr, 18 Fr, 16 Fr 3-way, and 20 Fr 30 cc, respectively. Of the 30 silicone catheters, spontaneous rupture produced no fragments. Average burst volume for silicone catheters was 57 mL, 45 mL, and 55 mL for 14 Fr, 16 Fr, and 18 Fr, respectively. No catheter balloons produced fragments when needle punctures at recommended balloon volumes.Conclusion: Latex catheter balloons tolerate higher fill volumes but have a high likelihood of releasing fragments. Silicone catheters burst at lower volumes, but do not release fragments. At normal fill volumes, needle puncture is safe, and cystoscopy is likely unnecessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To assess provider and practice characteristics that drive opioid prescription behavior using the American Urological Association census data.Methods: Stratified weighted analysis using 1,157 census samples was performed to represent 12,660 urologists who practiced in the United States in 2018. We compared urologists according to their opioid prescription patterns to evaluate factors and motivations behind opioid use in the post-operative setting.Results: Overall, 11,205 (88.5%) urologists prescribe opioids in the post-operative setting. The presence of procedure-specific institutional prescribing guidelines was associated with a greater tendency to prescribe ≤10 pills, and lesser tendency to prescribe 11 to 49 and ≥50 tablets following open abdominal (P = .003), laparoscopic (P < .001), scrotal (P < .001), and endoscopic surgeries (P < .001). The presence of institutional prescribing guidelines was associated with decreasing opioid prescriptions over a three-year period whereas not having guidelines was associated with an unchanged prescription practice over time. Basing current prescriptions on what was given to prior patients was reported by 85% and was more likely to result in an unchanged amount of prescriptions over time (29.2% vs 13.3%, P = .007). Motivations to avoid patient phone calls were reported by 23.8% and were more likely to increase the opioids provided within the next 3 years (3.2% vs 0.1%, P < .001).Conclusion: Practitioners who endorsed using institutional guidelines prescribed fewer opioids following all types of surgery and were more likely to decrease their prescription behavior over time. This data supports continued efforts to provide urologists with more evidence-based guidance on best practice opioid prescribing in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]