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As the primary territories of regional carbon emission and energy consumption, most industrial parks only simply stack technology and policy under the urgent goal of emission reduction and carbon reduction. As a result, certain measures may even have negative impacts. As the primary means to determine the characteristics of carbon emissions in industrial parks, studying the driving factors of carbon emissions and proposing targeted measures can effectively achieve the carbon emission reduction goals. However the mechanism analysis of driving factors of carbon emission in industrial parks is the important means to study the characteristics of carbon emission. The selection of driving factors is many and complicated, and the selection of mechanism analysis methods is different, so it is difficult to have a comparison of research results Based on the quantitative relationship model between carbon emissions and driving factors and the method of action mechanism analysis in industrial parks, this paper evaluates and compares the relevant studies, summarizes their advantages and disadvantages, and makes relevant comments and prospects. For providing reference for the practice of driving factors of carbon emission in industrial parks, and put forward the basis for the research of carbon emission prediction.

This paper analyzes the utility calculation principle of travelers from the perspective of mental accounting and proposes a travel choice behavior model that considers travel time and cost (MA-TC model). Then, a questionnaire is designed to analyze the results of the travel choice under different decision-making scenarios. Model parameters are estimated using nonlinear regression, and the utility calculation principles are developed under different hypothetical scenarios. Then, new expressions for the utility function under deterministic and risky conditions are presented. For verification, the nonlinear correlation coefficient and hit rate are used to compare the proposed MA-TC model with the other two models: (1) the classical prospect theory with travel time and cost (PT-TC model) and (2) mental accounting based on the original hedonic editing criterion (MA-HE model). The results show that model parameters under deterministic and risky conditions are pretty different. In the deterministic case, travelers have similar sensitivity to the change in gain and loss of travel time and cost. The prediction accuracy of the MA-TC model is 3% lower than the PT-TC model and 6% higher than the MA-HE model. Under risky conditions, travelers are more sensitive to the change in loss than to the change in gain. Additionally, travelers tend to overestimate small probabilities and underestimate high probabilities when losing more than when gaining. The prediction accuracy of the MA-TC model is 2% higher than the PT-TC model and 6% higher than the MA-HE model., Author(s): Shixu Liu (corresponding author) [1]; Jianchao Zhu [1]; Said M. Easa [2]; Lidan Guo [3]; Shuyu Wang [1]; Haoyu Wang [1]; Yijian Xu [1] 1. Introduction It is widely [...]

This paper examines the travelers' day-to-day route-choice behavior with Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS) through laboratory-like experimental method. Five groups of route-choice behavior experiments are designed to simulate actual daily behavior of travelers. In the experiment, subjects are provided with different levels of the complete road network information to simulate the proportion of subjects equipped with ATIS equipment (i.e., ATIS market penetration) and choose the routes repeatedly. The subject's route-choice behavior under different proportions of complete road network information is analyzed, and the strategy of releasing such complete information is determined when the performance of road network system is the best. The Braess network which consists of three routes was used in the experiment and analysis. The results show that the fluctuation of traffic flow runs through the entire experiments, but it tends to converge to user equilibrium. When the market penetration is 75%, both the fluctuation of traffic flow and the tendency of subjects to change routes are the smallest, so the road network system is the most stable. This interesting result indicates that releasing traffic information to all travelers is not the best. Other results show that the travel times of the three routes in the five groups of experiments tend to converge to and finally fluctuate around user-equilibrium travel time. With the increase in ATIS market penetration, the average travel time of subjects in each round tends to increase. The overall trend of the five groups of experiments is that as the number of route switches increases, the average travel time increases. The results also indicate that releasing traffic information to all travelers cannot weaken the Braess Paradox. On the contrary, the more travelers are provided with traffic information, the less likely it will weaken the Braess Paradox., 1. Introduction In recent years, traffic congestion problems have become increasingly serious, especially in large metropolitan areas. Traffic congestion has seriously affected people's normal travel and therefore has attracted extensive [...]

The cytokine storm plays an indispensable role in the severe and critical illness and death of the COVID-19 vulnerable population. Thus, suppressing the cytokine storm is of great significance. Ginseng is a traditional Chinese herb originally used for improving physiological conditions and ameliorating disease. Common throughout the history of ancient Chinese medicine is utilizing ginseng as a major ingredient to successfully fight various pandemics, and the most famous decoction is Renshen Baidu powder. In recent years, ginseng has been observed to provide preventive and therapeutic benefits in the treatment of various conditions by suppressing hyper-inflammation, inhibiting virus intrusion, and balancing the host's immunity. This paper summarizes the ancient Chinese medicine books' recordings of, the clinical practice of, and the laboratory exploration of ginseng for the treatment of pandemics and COVID-19. Ginseng and its active ingredients were found to downregulate inflammatory cytokines, upregulate anti-inflammatory cytokines, stimulate the secretion of the antiviral cytokine IFN- γ , prevent viral entry and replication, and improve viral clearance. Furthermore, ginseng modulates both natural and acquired immunity during viral infection. Collectively, we propose that ginseng can act as a key immune response modulator against the cytokine storm of COVID-19. This paper may provide a new approach to discover specific medications using ginseng to combat COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the influence of traveler's departure time choice in day-to-day dynamic evolution of traffic flow in a transportation network is investigated. Combining historical information and real-time information, a dynamic evolution model of traffic flow with a study period divided into two intervals is proposed for a simple two-link network. Then, the evolution of network traffic flow is investigated using numerical experiments. Three types of information are considered: (1) only historical information, (2) only real-time information, and (3) both historical and real-time information. The results show that the dynamic evolution of network traffic flow under the three types of information is similar. However, the possibility of chaos occurrence under both historical and real-time information is smaller than that under two individual types of information. When chaos occurs, the chaotic behavior in traffic-flow evolution under only real-time information is relatively less complex than that under the other two types of information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Six novel analogues of bioactive natural indolo[3,2- b]quinoline alkaloid glycoside jusbetonin were designed and synthesized, employing polyphosphoric acid mediated and two different strategies on introduction of tetra- O-acetyl-β- d-glucosamine to tetracyclic . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tongxinluo Capsule(TXLC) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine prescription with effects of tonifying Qi and activating blood based on the Chinese herbal medicine theory that has been recommended as routine adjuvant treatment in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) in China. Aim of the study : This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TXLC as supplementation in the prevention of adverse cardiovascular events in patients with CHD. We performed a literature search in Pubmed, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Scientific Journals Database (VIP), Wan Fang Database, and Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM) from their inceptions to March 2020. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed supplementation with TXLC or placebo and with adverse cardiovascular outcomes, were included in this meta-analysis. Primary end points were myocardial infarction (MI), target vessel revascularization (TVR) or in-stent restenosis (ISR), and cardiovascular death. Secondary end points included cerebrovascular accidents, heart failure (HF), and unscheduled readmission for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Adverse drug events were also evaluated. Trial sequential analysis (TSA) was conducted to reduce random errors introduced by possible insufficient sample size. Eleven RCTs involving 1505 patients were analyzed. The mean(SD) age of included patients were 59.03(9.7) years. Treatment duration varied from 2 months to 12 months. Compared with placebo, TXLC supplementation showed significant effects on reducing the risk of MI (RR = 0.44, [95% CI, 0.24–0.80]), TVR or ISR (RR = 0.43, [95% CI, 0.31–0.58]), cerebrovascular accidents(RR = 0.17, [95% CI, 0.06–0.46]), HF (RR = 0.41, [95% CI, 0.21–0.79]), and unscheduled readmission for CVDs (RR = 0.72, [95% CI], P = 0.04), but did not have associations with incidence of cardiovascular death (RR = 0.53, [95% CI, 0.15–1.91]). Subgroups of trials with 2-month (MI: RR = 0.44, [95% CI, 0.13–1.53]; cardiovascular death: RR = 0.30, [95% CI, 0.01–7.67]; cerebrovascular accidents: RR = 0.04, [95% CI, 0.01–0.26]; unscheduled readmission for CVDs: RR = 0.43, [95% CI, 0.20–0.94]) and 12-month (MI: RR = 0.42, [95% CI, 0.20–0.89]; TVR or ISR: RR = 0.42, [95% CI, 0.31–0.58]; HF: RR = 0.34, [95% CI, 0.14–0.78]; unscheduled readmission for CVDs: RR = 0.85, [95% CI, 0.59–1.22]) intervention period were analyzed. The adverse drug reactions were mild with no significant difference between TXLC and placebo. This meta-analysis indicated that TXLC supplementation had beneficial effects on the prevention of cardiovascular adverse events, especially in TVR or ISR after coronary revascularization and may possibly lower the incidence of first or recurrent MI and HF within 12 months in patients with CHD, while insufficient sample size implied that these results lacked certain stability. And the effects of TXLC on cardiovascular mortality, cerebrovascular events, and unscheduled readmission for CVDs could not be confirmed due to insufficient cases. Clinical trials with large-sample sizes and extended follow-up time are of interest in the future researches. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a traffic-flow evolutionary model under a dual updating mechanism that describes the day-to-day (DTD) dynamics of traffic flow and travel cost. To illustrate the concept, a simple two-route network is considered. Based on the nonlinear dynamic theory, the equilibrium stability condition of the system is derived and the condition for the division between the bifurcation and chaotic states of the system is determined. The characteristics of the DTD dynamic evolution of network traffic flow are investigated using numerical experiments. The results show that the system is absolutely stable when the sensitivity of travelers toward the route cost parameter (θ) is equal to or less than 0.923. The bifurcation appears in the system when θ is larger than 0.923. For values of θ equal to or larger than 4.402, the chaos appears in the evolution of the system. The results also show that with the appearance of chaos, the boundary and interior crises begin to appear in the system when θ is larger than 6.773 and 10.403, respectively. The evolution of network traffic flow is always stable when the proportion of travelers who do not change the route is 84% or greater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]