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The article presents an information system for data analysis of electronic operational documentation, the main purpose of which is the storage, collection and analysis of information, as well as the formation of an expert decision and forecasting to improve the quality of user work and the speed of processing large amounts of information. The functional structure of maintaining operational documentation was considered, a description of data flows and business processes was carried out, and the interaction of decision support systems with the subject area was studied.

The Ca0.6−xSr0.4HoxMnO3−δ (x = 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15) manganites with an orthorhombic crystal structure (space group Pbnm) have been produced via citrate–nitrate route in air. The electron donor holmium (Ho3+) and oxygen nonstoichiometry strongly affect the electrical conductivity (σ), Seebeck coefficient (S), thermal conductivity (κ), and thermal expansion. The increase in the absolute values of S with temperature and the decline of σ above 500 K are explained by the decrease in the concentration of Mn3+ ions due to their disproportionation into Mn2+ and Mn4+ ions. The equilibrium constant of disproportionation, the concentration and mobility of charge carriers depend on temperature and can be derived from the data for S(T) and σ(T). The formation of Mn3+ ions as a result of partial removal of oxygen from the manganites has a strong influence on their properties above 1000 K. Temperature-activated character of mobility and the values of S are consistent with the adiabatic small polaron transport mechanism in Ca0.6−xSr0.4HoxMnO3−δ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper is devoted to the development of a software complex for predictive modeling of biogeochemical cycles in the Azov Sea on high-performance computer systems in a limited time. The complex development includes the creation of software modules of the computational structure to calculate the concentrations of phosphorus, nitrogen, silicon, sulfur, dissolved oxygen forms and describe in detail phyto- and zooplankton dynamics in the Azov Sea; the integration of various environmental databases, satellite monitoring. The complex is adapted to solve a wide class of predictive problems of water ecology and water resources management. It includes the implementation of developed 3D mathematical model of hydrophysics and biological kinetics on computational grids, consistent with the complex shape of the water coastline. Parallel algorithms have been developed for numerical implementation of water ecology problems, oriented to high-performance computer systems. To increase the calculation efficiency of computational grid fragments assigned to graphics accelerators, an algorithm and its software implementation were developed in the CUDA C language. Based on the developed specialized software tools focused on supercomputers, scenarios for the development of the environmental situation and sustainable development management at biological rehabilitation of the Azov Sea were developed, including forecasts of changes in harmful algae concentration; dynamics of spatial interaction processes between phyto- and zooplankton populations; evolution of biological kinetics processes on the example of plankton interaction.

A method for solving grid equations in areas with geometry "stretched" along one of the spatial directions is proposed. Method proposed for model includes pollutants whose concentration in the Azov Sea, according to the analysis of scientific publications and environmental databases, exceeds the maximum permissible concentration (MPC). The mechanism of the preconditioner formation is described. The estimation of the minimum and maximum eigenvalues is performed. Using object-oriented analysis and design, a class library has been implemented to solve the problem of impurity propagation in a shallow reservoir. The architecture of an information system to support scientific research capable of functioning in conditions of using heterogeneous computing environments is described. The system is based on the requirement of the maximum possible use of free software in order to minimize capital and operational costs. The system uses classes that allow you to read and write information about the geometry of the object under study and the parameters of the calculated grid. Numerical experiments were carried out using the developed software package, including the proposed mathematical model, focused on the multiprocessor computing system (MCS). The dependences of the SLAE solution time on the number of diagonals and the order of the matrix are obtained. The number of iterations for solving grid equations has been experimentally determined depending on the ratio of the number of nodes in spatial coordinates.

The article deals with issues related to increasing the efficiency of working with data on the geometry of the computational domain when solving hydrophysics problems using the finite difference method. The model problem is a system of equations of the pollutant distribution, including the oil and its refined products, in the computational domain – Azov Sea. To describe the computational domain, a model of a two-dimensional computational grid is used, which is used in the implementation of numerical calculations. Class diagrams are presented for describing the geometry of the object under study, as well as its constituent segments. In order to improve the performance of calculations, an algorithm for combining geometry segments was developed, in which the original algorithm was divided into separate fragments by introducing a number of conditional structures. As a result of experimental data processing, regression equations were obtained that describe the dependence of the algorithm execution time on the number of joins. The developed algorithm and class library make it possible to work with the description of the geometry of the object under study as a set of parameterized primitives and educe the time spent on the formation of the description of the computational domain by up to 27%.

This study examines the pilgrimage practices of Central Asian Muslims to Mecca before the region became part of the Russian Empire and shows that despite the importance of the Hajj in Islam, participation from this area was limited. The analysis outlines the various barriers to making the pilgrimage, such as the strict Sharia requirements that many could not meet, the financial and logistical challenges involved, and the fear of the dangers associated with the journey. In addition, social and family obligations prevented a significant number of Muslims from making the Hajj, leading to a preference for local pilgrimage sites in Central Asia as an alternative. The research also examines the socio-political implications of the hajj for Central Asian Muslims, including the different routes taken to reach Mecca and the role of socioeconomic status in facilitating or hindering the pilgrimage. Through this examination, the article sheds light on the complex interplay of religion, culture and politics in the practice of hajj among Central Asian Muslims prior to Russian annexation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Liquid fertilizers fed into centrifugal device are spread along angle and radius of feed under action of blades. This article describes how to calculate throwing angular characteristics using Mathcad. The package consists of four programs. Program Mf is intended for calculation of probability density of supply point coordinates under assumption of bivariant normal distribution of system r, γ, which are specified in the form of vectors. The result of the calculation is displayed as matrix Mf. The program Mα calculates the throwing angle for all combinations r, γ.. To calculate the throwing angle, the method of solving differential equations of particle movement along the blade of the device with input data was used: Radius of the disk R, angular speed ω, coefficient of friction of fertilizers on the blade f. The program Ms extracts from the matrix Mf elements Corresponding to a throw angle less than a given number A. The program F (A) sums the elements of the matrix Ms. We obtained the values of the throw angle distribution function by multiplying the resulting sum by the intervals of vectors r and γ. The calculated throwing angle distribution function is approximated by the standard normal distribution function.

The vast majority of researchers considers TV’s psychological impact on mass audience to be completely negative effect. In this article we tried to find positive aspects of such impact by the example of TV charity acts. For this purpose the method of focus-group was used, in which the audience were shown different video fragments of TV charity action. More than that their emotional empathy level was measured in order to find out emotional impact of charity plots. As the result, connection between emotional empathy level and reaction on definite elements of charity acts was discovered. The responders with a low emotional empathy level preferred the plots, based on facts, concrete methods of solving problem. For a high empathy level – more emotionally colored stories with a strong audial effects were preferable. The article confirmed the hypothesis that concrete plot’s elements influence emotional viewers’ state and make them take part in a charity act. Such decision is based on the plot, attitude to the main characters. It appeared that the way of accounting the money had a great importance. And it is different in actions of 1st and 5th Channels and attracts different target audience. Thus the article proves that it’s necessary to study positive aspects of television impact on mass audience and to work out the mechanisms, which can improve and develop the content of this sort on native television. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CdSe/ZnSe QD structure was investigated by current deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) with Laplace transform cooperated with atomic force microscopy (AFM). Cathodoluminescence (CL) measurements were carried out too. Basing on Laplace current DLTS with AFM and CL data an activation energy of electron emission from the quantized levels in a small group of CdSe QDs was measured. We have demonstrated the advanced capabilities of the new method of studying the electrical properties of nano-objects. (© 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wide-bandgap semiconductors can sustain high temperatures and high power operation in various important applications such as transistors, light-emitting diodes, and lasers. Although in embryonic stage, one can expect such a resilience in GaN resonant tunneling diodes (RTDs) and superlattices as well with distinct applications. Because of the negative differential conduction, the double barrier resonant tunneling structures could be the basis for new high-power coherent microwave sources operating in W-band and terahertz. In this paper, recent progress in wide-bandgap semiconductor RTDs is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the feasibility of a terahertz-signal source made of an AIGaN/GaN superlattice. The negative differential conductivity, electrical domain formation, current oscillations, and power efficiency of a perspective source are described. The superlattice geometry and conduction band profile, which are distorted by polarization fields, are related to the oscillation frequency and power efficiency of the device. The optimal Al content, superlattice period, and the parameters of the external circuit that favor submillimeter wave generation are determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new statistical model of spatial distribution of observed galaxies is described. Statistical correlations are involved by means of Markov chain ensembles, whose parameters are extracted from the observable power spectrum by adopting of the Uchaikin–Zolotarev ansatz. Markov chain trajectories with the Lévy–Feldheim distributed step lengths form the set of nodes imitating the positions of galaxy. The model plausibly reproduces the two-point correlation functions, cell-count data and some other important properties. It can effectively be used in the post-processing of astronomical data for cosmological studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eu3+ doped porous nanostructured SrTiO3 films and powder fabricated by sol-gel route without using any precursor template are characterized by different morphology and phase composition. The films and the power show red and yellow luminescence with the most intensive photoluminescence (PL) bands at 612 nm and 588 nm, respectively. Raman, secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of undoped nanostructured porous SrTiO3 films showed the presence of TiO2, SrO, and SrTiO3 phases and their components. The undoped porous SrTiO3 films are photosensitive and demonstrate resistive switching. The capacitance-voltage hysteresis loops with the width of about 6 V in the frequency range of 2 kHz—2 MHz were observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]