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Background: From new results presented in the literature we discuss the hypothesis, presented in an our previous work, that the ultrafast periodic spectral modulations at f S = 0.607 ± 0.08 THz found in the spectra of 236 stars of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) were due to oscillations induced by dark matter (DM) cores in their centers that behave as oscillating boson stars. Two other frequencies were found by Borra in the redshift-corrected SDSS galactic spectra, f 1 , G = 9.71 − 0.19 + 0.20 THz and f 2 , G = 9.17 − 0.16 + 0.18 THz; the latter was then shown by Hippke to be a spurious frequency introduced by the data analysis procedure. Results: Within the experimental errors, the frequency f 1 , G is the beating of the two frequencies, the spurious one, f 2 , G and f S that was also independently detected in a real solar spectrum, but not in the Kurucz's artificial solar spectrum by Hippke, suggesting that f S could actually be a real frequency. Independent SETI observations by Isaacson et al., taken at different epochs, of four of these 236 stars could not confirm with high confidence—without completely excluding—the presence of f S in their power spectra and with the same power initially observed. Instead, the radio SETI deep-learning analysis with artificial intelligence (AI) gave an indirect confirmation of the presence of f S through the detection of a narrowband Doppler drifting of the observed radio signals in two stars, over a sample of 7 with a high S/N. These two stars belong to the set of the 236 SDSS stars. Numerical simulations confirm that this drifting can be due to frequency and phase modulation in time of the observed frequencies (1.3–1.7 GHz) with f S . Conclusions: Assuming the DM hypothesis, the upper mass limit of the axion-like DM particle is m a ≃ 2.4 × 10 3 μ eV , in agreement with the results from the gamma ray burst GRB221009A, laser interferometry experiments, suggesting new physics with additional axion-like particle fields for the muon g-2 anomaly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A model of a physical vacuum defined by a Gross–Pitaevskij equation and characterized by dissipative features close to the Planck scale is proposed, which provides an emergent explanation of scales, hierarchies and Higgs mass generation of the Standard Model. A fundamental nonlocal and nonlinear texture of the vacuum is introduced in terms of planckeons, sub-Planckian objects defined by a generalized Compton wavelength, which lead to find Planckian signatures of the Standard Model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We consider processes of emergence within the conceptual framework of the Information Loss principle and the concepts of (1) systems conserving information; (2) systems compressing information; and (3) systems amplifying information. We deal with the supposed incompatibility between emergence and computability tout-court. We distinguish between computational emergence, when computation acquires properties, and emergent computation, when computation emerges as a property. The focus is on emergence processes occurring within computational processes. Violations of Turing-computability such as non-explicitness and incompleteness are intended to represent partially the properties of phenomenological emergence, such as logical openness, given by the observer's cognitive role; structural dynamics where change regards rules rather than only values; and multi-modelling where multiple non-equivalent models are required to model such structural dynamics. In this way, we validate, from an epistemological viewpoint, models and simulations of phenomenological emergence where the sequence of events constitutes the natural, analogical non-Turing computation which a cognitive complex system can reproduce through learning. Reproducibility through learning is different from Turing-like computational iteration. This paper aims to open a new, non-reductionist understanding of the conceptual relationship between emergence and computability., Author(s): Ignazio Licata [sup.1] , Gianfranco Minati [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) Institute for Scientific Methodology (ISEM), Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146, Palermo, Italy (2) Italian Systems Society (AIRS), Via [...]

Every physical theory involving quantum fields requires a model of quantum vacuum. The vacuum associated to quantum gravity must incorporate the prescriptions from both the theory of relativity and quantum physics. In this work, starting from the hypothesis of nucleation of sub-Planckian bubbles from a de Sitter vacuum, we study the necessary conditions to obtain baby universes, black holes and particles. The de Sitter-Planck background is described by an "infinite" Quantum Boltzmann statistics that generates fermions and bosons, and manifests itself as a deformation of the geometry that leads to a generalized uncertainty principle, a unified expression for the generalized Compton wavelength and event horizon size, drawing a connection between quantum black holes and elementary particles, seen as a collective organization of the bubbles of the vacuum described by the generalized Compton wavelength. The quantum thermodynamics of black holes is then outlined and the physical history of each bubble is found to depend on the cosmological constant described in terms of thermodynamic pressure. A treatment of the Casimir effect is provided in the de Sitter-Planck background, and finally wormholes are explored as bubble coalescence processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The classical forms of knowledge representation fail when a strong dynamical interconnection between system and environment comes into play. We propose here a model of information retrieval derived from the Kintsch-Ericsson scheme, based upon a long term memory (LTM) associative net whose structure changes in time according to the textual content of the analyzed documents. Both the theoretical analysis carried out by using simple statistical tools and the tests show the appearing of typical power-laws and the net configuration as a scale-free graph. The information retrieval from LTM shows that the entire system can be considered to be an information amplifier which leads to the emergence of new cognitive structures. It has to be underlined that the expanding of the semantic domain regards the user-network as a whole system. It hints an epistemological shifting from the ontological models to the ontogenetic ones in describing knowledge dynamical representation., Introduction The concept of an intelligent agent involves a world description by which the agent makes its choices, activating some data evaluation strategies and selecting the most significant elements on [...]

Edited by Gianfranco Minati and Eliano Pessa. Published by Kluwer Academic/Plenum, 2002, 410 pp., ISBN 0 306 47358 5, 144.00 €, US $125.00, 87.50 £. The word `emergence' is nowadays [...]

The most part of the debates on Quantum Mechanics (QM) interpretation come out from the remains of a classical language based upon waves and particles. Such problems can find a decisive clarification in Quantum Field Theory (QFT), where the concept of “classical object” is replaced by an interaction networks. On the other hand, it is simpler to discuss about non-locality in QM than in QFT. We propose here the concept of transaction as a connection between the QM and QFT language as well as the possibility to introduce quantum non-locality ab initio. We also mention the cosmological consequence of a non-local archaic vacuum here defined

Abstract In this paper we want to analyze the Dark Matter problem and the distribution of matter through two different approaches, which are linked by the possibility that the solution of these astronomical puzzles should be sought in the quantum imprinting of the Universe. The first approach is based on a cosmological model formulated and developed in the last ten years by the first and third authors of this paper; the so-called "Archaic Universe". The second approach was formulated by Rosen in 1993 by considering the Friedman–Einstein equations as a simple one-dimensional dynamical system reducing the cosmological equations to a sort of Schrödinger equation. The quantum memory in cosmological dynamics could explain, for example, the apparently periodic structures of the Universe while Archaic Universe shows how the quantum phase concerns not only an ancient era of the Universe, but quantum facets permeating the entire Universe today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paradox of a free falling radiating charged particle in a gravitational field is a well-known fascinating conceptual challenge that involves classical electrodynamics and general relativity (GR). We discuss this paradox considering the emission of radiation as a consequence of an explicit space/time symmetry breaking involving the electric field within the trajectory of the particle seen from an external observer. This occurs in certain particular cases when the relative motion of the charged particle does not follow a geodesic of the motion dictated by the explicit Lagrangian formulation of the problem and thus from the metric of spacetime. The problem is equivalent to the breaking of symmetry within the spatial configuration of a radiating system like an antenna: when the current is not conserved at a certain instant of time within a closed region, then emission of radiation occurs [D. Sinha and G. A. J. Amaratunga, Phys. Rev. Lett.114(7) (2015) 147701]. Radiation from a system of charges is possible only when there is explicit breaking of symmetry in the electric field in space and time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Hawking-Perry-Strominger (HPS) work states a new controversial idea about the black hole (BH) information paradox, where BHs maximally entropize and encode information in their event horizon area, with no "hair" thought to reveal information outside but angular momentum, mass, and electric charge only in a unique quantum gravity (QG) vacuum state. New conservation laws of gravitation and electromagnetism, appear to generate different QG vacua, preserving more information in soft photon/graviton hair implants. We find that BH photon hair implants can encode orbital angular momentum (OAM) and vorticity of the electromagnetic (EM) field. Methods: Numerical simulations are used to plot an EM field with OAM emitted by a set of dipolar currents together with the soft photon field they induce. The analytical results confirm that the soft photon hair implant carries OAM and vorticity. Results: a set of charges and currents generating real EM fields with precise values of OAM induce a "curly", twisted, soft-hair implant on the BH with vorticity and OAM increased by one unit with respect to the initial real field. Conclusions: Soft photon implants can be spatially shaped ad hoc, encoding structured and densely organized information on the event horizon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently the authors Nguyen, Shipley, Linder, Plummer, Liu, Setru, Shaevitz, and Leifer have published research in PNAS in which they presented an instrument capable of recording intracellular calcium transients from the majority of neurons in the head of a freely behaving Caenorhabditis elegans with cellular resolution, while simultaneously recording the animal's position, posture, and locomotion. These authors provided a real time video (http://neurosciencenews.com/motion-behavior-neuroimaging-neurons-3327/) giving the images of Neuron Locations (RFP 40 x) and Calcium Activity (GCaMP6s, 40 x). We have selected images upon which we have performed a 2D Multifractal Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (2D MF-DFA). The result derived from analysis of C-Elegans which possesses only 302 neurons, is that Neuron Locations and Calcium Activity both exhibit a multifractal structure. This result is of importance since this particular multifractal analysis gives a measure of the spatial complexity of the neuron and correlates with the morpho-functional organization of such cells in this limited biological structure. The images have been selected at subsequent time intervals and consequently we have performed an analysis in space and in time. The quantitative estimations indicate that neuron connections and the corresponding calcium activity modify and modulate their multifractal regime constantly in time, and confirm that multifractal analysis enables distillation of spatial complexity and morpho-functional organization under a dynamical time regime. As a consequence, multifractal analysis, when applied to more complex neuronal systems, should give results of importance for exploration and evaluation of morpho-functional behaviour through different clinical investigations. In order to confirm previous results we have also realized a multifractal analysis of the connectomics in C-Elegans. The results have confirmed the presence of the multifractal regime also in this kind of analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A quantum correlation between two qubits in a Bohmian framework is here investigated. From the analysis of the quantum correctors in entropy it is possible to derive a characteristic length of entanglement which measures the range of a quantum informational gradient, or the maximum degree of de-localization of a system. We have entitled this measure of non-local effects to J. S. Bell. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The necessity of a rigorously operative formulation of quantum mechanics, functional to the exigencies of quantum computing, has raised the interest again in the nature of probability and the inference in quantum mechanics. In this work, we show a relation among the probabilities of a quantum system in terms of information of non-local correlation by means of a new quantity, the Bell length. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new definition of quantum entropy by a gauge constraint on a classical Boltzmann manifold is proposed. Bohm potential is derived as Fisher information, in accordance with Bohm-Hiley idea of "Active Information", and the geometries underlying Bohm trajectories and Feynman paths are compared. Given a quantum system, it is shown how the modifications of such geometries are connected to the microstates that quantum entropy provides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The underlying geometry of Bohms quantum potential is explored as a new approach to quantum information. If we express the entropy of a quantum system as a superposition of Boltzmann entropies, Bohms quantum potential, under the constraint of a minimum condition of Fisher information, appears related to a Weyl-like gauge potential and the quantum information emerges as a deformation of the quantum system geometry, according to B. Hiley and the etymological meaning of information: the activity of shaping or putting form into a given process. For this purpose, it will be important to study the quantum potential as an expression of quantum entropy in the light of the metric of Fisher-Weyl. Finally, we will examine the geometry of the double-slit interference and the Aharonov-Bohm effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A quantum entropy space is suggested as the fundamental arena describing the quantum effects. In the quantum regime the entropy is expressed as the superposition of many different Boltzmann entropies that span the space of the entropies before any measure. When a measure is performed the quantum entropy collapses to one component. A suggestive reading of the relational interpretation of quantum mechanics and of Bohm's quantum potential in terms of the quantum entropy are provided. The space associated with the quantum entropy determines a distortion in the classical space of position, which appears as a Weyl-like gauge potential connected with Fisher information. This Weyl-like gauge potential produces a deformation of the moments which changes the classical action in such a way that Bohm's quantum potential emerges as consequence of the non classical definition of entropy, in a non-Euclidean information space under the constraint of a minimum condition of Fisher information (Fisher Bohm- entropy). Finally, the possible quantum relativistic extensions of the theory and the connections with the problem of quantum gravity are investigated. The non classical thermodynamic approach to quantum phenomena changes the geometry of the particle phase space. In the light of the representation of gravity in ordinary phase space by torsion in the flat space (Teleparallel gravity), the change of geometry in the phase space introduces quantum phenomena in a natural way. This gives a new force to F. Shojai's and A. Shojai's theory where the geometry of space-time is highly coupled with a quantum potential whose origin is not the Schrödinger equation but the non classical entropy of a system of many particles that together change the geometry of the phase space of the positions (entanglement). In this way the non classical thermodynamic changes the classical geodetic as a consequence of the quantum phenomena and quantum and gravity are unified. Quantum affects geometry of multidimensional phase space and gravity changes in any point the torsion in the ordinary four-dimensional Lorenz space-time metric. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this contribution, we consider Collective Behaviours as coherent sequences of spatial configurations adopted by agents interacting through corresponding different structures over time. The approach relates to the one adopted time ago when introducing the concept of multiple systems arising when each composing element can play simultaneously or sequentially different roles. In this case, each element simultaneously or sequentially belongs to different systems. Multiple structures over time and their sequences are considered as meta-structures establishing coherent sequences of different systems. They are intended as coherent when acquiring emergent properties. Such coherence is considered here as being represented by the values adopted by suitable mesoscopic variables and their properties, i.e. meta-structural properties, allowing the researcher to (a) recognise a phenomenon as emergent, (b) induce emergence of collective behaviour in populations of elements collectively interacting, (c) act on collective emergent phenomena with the purpose to change, regulate and maintain acquired properties and (d) merge different collective emergent phenomena. We introduce a formal tool, i.e. the mesoscopic general vector to represent the adoption, over time, of mesoscopic properties by collectively interacting elements. We mention future experimental lines of activities, future lines of research and possible applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Despite their claimed biological plausibility, most self organizing networks have strict topological constraints and consequently they cannot take into account a wide range of external stimuli. Furthermore their evolution is conditioned by deterministic laws which often are not correlated with the structural parameters and the global status of the network, as it should happen in a real biological system. In nature the environmental inputs are noise affected and "fuzzy". Which thing sets the problem to investigate the possibility of emergent behaviour in a not strictly constrained net and subjected to different inputs. It is here presented a new model of Evolutionary Neural Gas (ENG) with any topological constraints, trained by probabilistic laws depending on the local distortion errors and the network dimension. The network is considered as a population of nodes that coexist in an ecosystem sharing local and global resources. Those particular features allow the network to quickly adapt to the environment, according to its dimensions. The ENG model analysis shows that the net evolves as a scale-free graph, and justifies in a deeply physical sense- the term "gas" here used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last years the traditional scenario of "Big Bang" has been deeply modified by the study of the quantum features of the Universe evolution, proposing again the problem of using "local" physical laws on cosmic scale, with particular regard to the cosmological constant role. The "group extention" method shows that the De Sitter group univocally generalizes the Poincarè group, formally justifies the cosmological constant use and suggests a new interpretation for Hartle-Hawking boundary conditions in Quantum Cosmology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem of baryon asymmetry unifies cosmology and particle physics at the hearth of theoretical physics. In this work, we consider the point of view of archaic cosmology based on the de Sitter hypersphere as topology of quantum vacuum. We show CPT symmetry derives from the nucleation of particles that divides the hypersphere in two mirror universes and defines big bang as a bifurcation point, as the creation of a de Sitter universe or a pair of entangled universes from "nothing". Then, we direct our attention to the behavior of neutrinos in a CPT universe and discuss the differences between Majorana and Dirac neutrinos in the observational imprints of the entangled universes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An interesting anomaly in the diffusion process with an apparently negative diffusion coefficient defined through the mean-square displacement in a one-dimensional quantum molecular chain model is shown. Nevertheless, the system satisfies the H-theorem so that the second law of thermodynamics is satisfied. The reason why the "diffusion constant" becomes negative is due to the effect of the phase mixing process, which is a characteristic result of the one-dimensionality of the system. We illustrate the situation where this negative "diffusion constant" appears. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose a new thought experiment, based on present-day Quantum Information Technologies, to measure quantum gravitational effects through the Bose-Marletto-Vedral (BMV) effect [1–4] by revealing the gravitational t 3 phase term, its expected relationships with low-energy quantum gravity phenomena and test the equivalence principle of general relativity. The technique here proposed promise to reveal gravitational field fluctuations from the analysis of the stochastic noise associated to an ideal output of a measurement process of a quantum system. To improve the sensitivity we propose to cumulate the effects of the gravitational field fluctuations in time on the outputs of a series of independent measurements acted on entangled states of particles, like in the building of a quantum cryptographic key, and extract from the associated time series the effect of the expected gravitational field fluctuations. In fact, an ideal quantum cryptographic key, built with the sharing of maximally entangled states of particles, is represented by a random sequence of uncorrelated symbols mathematically described by a perfect white noise, a stochastic process with zero mean and without correlation between its values taken at different times. Gravitational field perturbations, including quantum gravity fluctuations and gravitational waves, introduce additional phase terms that decohere the entangled pairs used to build the quantum cryptographic key, with the result of coloring the white noise [5,6]. We find that this setup, built with massive mesoscopic particles, can potentially reveal the t 3 gravitational phase term and thus, the BMV effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Einstein's equations of general relativity (GR) can describe the connection between events within a given hypervolume of size L larger than the Planck length L P in terms of wormhole connections where metric fluctuations give rise to an indetermination relationship that involves the Riemann curvature tensor. At low energies (when L ≫ L P ), these connections behave like an exchange of a virtual graviton with wavelength λ G = L as if gravitation were an emergent physical property. Down to Planck scales, wormholes avoid the gravitational collapse and any superposition of events or space–times become indistinguishable. These properties of Einstein's equations can find connections with the novel picture of quantum gravity (QG) known as the "Einstein–Rosen (ER) = Einstein–Podolski–Rosen (EPR)" (ER = EPR) conjecture proposed by Susskind and Maldacena in Anti-de-Sitter (AdS) space–times in their equivalence with conformal field theories (CFTs). In this scenario, non-traversable wormhole connections of two or more distant events in space–time through Einstein–Rosen (ER) wormholes that are solutions of the equations of GR, are supposed to be equivalent to events connected with non-local Einstein–Podolski–Rosen (EPR) entangled states that instead belong to the language of quantum mechanics. Our findings suggest that if the ER = EPR conjecture is valid, it can be extended to other different types of space–times and that gravity and space–time could be emergent physical quantities if the exchange of a virtual graviton between events can be considered connected by ER wormholes equivalent to entanglement connections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores an event-based version of quantum mechanics which differs from the commonly accepted one, even though the usual elements of quantum formalism, e.g., the Hilbert space, are maintained. This version introduces as primary element the occurrence of micro-events induced by usual physical (mechanical, electromagnetic and so on) interactions. These micro-events correspond to state reductions and are identified with quantum jumps, already introduced by Bohr in his atomic model and experimentally well established today. Macroscopic bodies are defined as clusters of jumps; the emergence of classicality thus becomes understandable and time honoured paradoxes can be solved. In particular, we discuss the cat paradox in this context. Quantum jumps are described as temporal localizations of physical quantities; if the information associated with these localizations has to be finite, two time scales spontaneously appear: an upper cosmological scale and a lower scale of elementary "particles". This allows the interpretation of the Bekenstein limit like a particular informational constraint on the manifestation of a micro-event in the cosmos it belongs. The topic appears relevant in relation to recent discussions on possible spatiotemporal constraints on quantum computing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A preface to the "Electronic Journal of Theoretical Physics" is presented.

A foreword to "Electronic Journal of Theoretical Physics" is presented.