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Objective To explore the feasibility of establishing a computer-aided diagnostic model of multi-stained pathological images in patients with non-inflammatory aortic medial degeneration(MD). Methods In this study, pathological sections of aortic surgical specimens for non-inflammatory lesions from patients with thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections were retrospectively collected at the Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University from July to December 2018. The lesions were scanned under ×400 magnification as whole slide images(WSI) and then annotated by two pathologists. The annotated WSI images were randomly split into training and test sets in a 6:1 ratio. SE-EmbraceNet was used to train the data to construct a multi-classification model for MD of multi-stained pathology images, including intralamellar mucoid extracellular matrix accumulation (MEMA-I), translamellar mucoid extracellular matrix accumulation (MEMA-T), elastic fiber fragmentation and/or loss(EFFL) and smooth muscle cell nuclei loss (SMCNL). The classification effect of the model was evaluated based on the test set data, and the results were expressed in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, precision, and the F1 value. Results Totally 530 pathological slides of non-inflammatory aortic lesion surgical specimens from patients with aortic aneurysm and dissection were included. Extracted 5265 sets of images, each containing 5 stained pathological images of the same lesion site: HE staining, special staining (elastic fiber/VanGieson, Masson, Alcian blue/periodic acid Schiff) and smooth muscle actin staining. There were 4513 sets of training images, including 987 SMCNL, 2013 EFFL, 1337 MEMA-I, and 176 MEMA-T; and 752 test images including 166 SMCNL, 335 EFFL, 222 MEMA-I, and 29 MEMA-T. The overall performance of the model in the test set showed good results, with an accuracy of 96.54%(726/752). The model had the best classification performance for EFFL, with accuracy, sensitivity, precision, and F1 value all ≥98.51%. The model also had a great classification ability for SMCNL, with all evaluated indexes≥97.59%. Conclusion The multi-stained pathology image-based MD classification model constructed in this study has high classification accuracy and good generalization ability, which has the potential to be applied to assist in the diagnosis of the non-inflammatory aortic lesion.

Objective To propose an intelligent quantitative analysis method of Ki-67 index for breast cancer immunohistochemical whole slide image (WSI). Methods The pathological sections of patients with breast cancer diagnosed and treated in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2020 to December 2020 were retrospectively collected, and scanned at 40 magnification as WSI images. Manual interpretation of the Ki-67 index was conducted by 2 pathologists according to the guidelines formulated by the International Breast Cancer Ki-67 Working Group in 2019, which is considered the gold standard. According to the ratio of 5:8, WSI was randomly divided into two data sets, A and B (data set A was randomly divided into training set, validation set and test set according to a ratio of 7:1:2). After the hot spot area in WSI of the data set A was manually marked, each WSI randomly cropped 2000 512×512 pixel patches in the 40 field of view, and 50 patches of them were randomly selected to label tumor cells and calculate the Ki-67 index. The conditional random field model was used to fuse the spatial features of the image blocks, the features were extracted by the ResNet34 pre-training model to construct a hot spot recognition model, and its performance (accuracy) was evaluated in the test set. In the hot spot area, 10 fields of view were randomly selected under the high-power field of view (×40), and the model automatically completed the cell classification and calculated the average Ki-67 index. Taking the results of manual interpretation as the gold standard, the accuracy of the Ki-67 index evaluation results of the data set B by the model was calculated, and the Bland-Altman method was used to evaluate the consistency between the results of manual interpretation and model analysis. Results A total of 132 pathological sections of patients with breast cancer which met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected. There were 50 images in data set A (35, 5, and 10 images in training set, validation set, and test set, including 70 000, 10 000, and 20 000 patches, respectively), and 82 images in data set B. The average accuracy of the model for identifying hot spots in the test set was 81.5%, and the accuracy of the Ki-67 index calculation results for the B data set was 90.2%. Bland-Altman analysis showed that the Ki-67 index calculated by manual interpretation and model was in good agreement. Conclusion The intelligent quantitative analysis method of Ki-67 index proposed in this study has high accuracy and can assist pathologists to achieve efficient interpretation of Ki-67 index.

The addition of flexible Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film solar cells to titanium (Ti) substrates is an attractive way to achieve the low-cost manufacturing of photovoltaics. Prior research has indicated that the appropriate diffusion of Ti elements can enhance the crystalline growth of CZTS films. However, the excessive diffusion of Ti has been shown to adversely affect the photovoltaic performance of CZTS photovoltaic devices. Therefore, it is essential to regulate the diffusion of Ti elements within CZTS thin films to optimize their photovoltaic properties. The tendency for Ti substrate elements to diffuse into CZTS films is also influenced by the activation energy associated with these Ti elements. The sulfurization temperature is posited to be a critical factor in modulating the diffusion and activation energy of Ti elements within CZTS thin films. Consequently, this research investigates the alteration of the sulfurization temperature of CZTS thin films in order to enhance the properties of these thin films and to examine the diffusion behavior of titanium elements. The results reveal that as the sulfurization temperature increases, the diffusion of Ti elements within the CZTS thin films initially increases, then decreases, and subsequently increases again. This pattern suggests that the diffusion of Ti elements is affected not only by the activation energy of the Ti elements but also by the defect hopping distance within the CZTS thin films. Notably, at a sulfurization temperature of 550 °C, the grains at the base of the CZTS thin film demonstrate an increased density, which is associated with a reduced defect hopping distance, thereby hindering the diffusion of Ti elements within the CZTS thin films. Furthermore, at this specific sulfurization temperature, the slope of the current–voltage (I–V) curve for the CZTS/Ti structure reaches its maximum, indicating optimal ohmic contact characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: This study used single-center data to analyze the clinicopathological features of site-specific endometrial cancer. Methods: Patients with endometrial carcinoma who had undergone surgery at Peking Union Medical College Hospital, China, between March 2016 and January 2022 were enrolled. Clinical information and pathological characteristics were summarized, and microsatellite status was analyzed using the immunohistochemical method. Patient prognoses were measured in terms of the rates of overall survival and progression-free survival. Results: The mean patient age was 49 years (ranging: from 25 to 76 years old), and there was no difference in clinicopathological features between endometrioid and type II endometrial carcinoma in LUSC. The ER and PR expression ratios were 80.4% and 64.3%, respectively, in this LUSC cohort, and the MMR deficiency ratio was 33.9%, including 39.6% in endometrioid carcinoma and 15.4% in type II endometrial carcinoma. Combined MSH2&MSH6 loss was more common than combined MLH1&PMS2 being unexpressed (16.1% vs 12.5%), and dMMR patients differed significantly from the pMMR group in terms of vascular invasion (P=0.003). The combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy did not provide a statistically significant improvement in prognosis compared to chemotherapy alone. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that LUSC patients tended to be younger and their tumors had less expression of hormone markers. The biological behavior of both endometrioid cancer and type II EC may be similar when EC occurs in this area. Furthermore, this type of tumor also showed a higher incidence of vascular invasion, and the combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy did not provide significant improvement. Thus, successful treatment of LUSC tumors requires aggressive surgical intervention and a more effective postoperative treatment approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]