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The respiration state during overnight sleep is an important indicator of human health. However, existing contactless solutions for sleep respiration monitoring either perform in controlled environments and have low usability in practical scenarios or only provide coarse-grained respiration rates, being unable to accurately detect abnormal events in patients. In this article, we propose Respnea, a non-intrusive sleep respiration monitoring system using an ultra-wideband device. Particularly, we propose a profiling algorithm, which can locate the sleep positions in non-controlled environments and identify different subject states. Further, we construct a deep learning model that adopts a multi-head self-attention mechanism and learns the patterns implicit in the respiration signals to distinguish sleep respiration events at a granularity of seconds. To improve the generalization of the model, we propose a contrastive learning strategy to learn a robust representation of the respiration signals. We deploy our system in hospital and home scenarios and conduct experiments on data from healthy subjects and patients with sleep disorders. The experimental results show that Respnea achieves high temporal coverage and low errors (a median error of 0.27 bpm) in respiration rate estimation and reaches an accuracy of 94.44% on diagnosing the severity of sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Corneal neovascularization (CNV) is a common clinical finding seen in a range of eye diseases. Current therapeutic approaches to treat corneal angiogenesis, in which vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) A plays a central role, can cause a variety of adverse side effects. The technology of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 can edit VEGFA gene to suppress its expression. CRISPR offers a novel opportunity to treat CNV. This study shows that depletion of VEGFA with a novel CRISPR/Cas9 system inhibits proliferation, migration, and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro. Importantly, subconjunctival injection of this dual AAV‐SpCas9/sgRNA‐VEGFA system is demonstrated which blocks suture‐induced expression of VEGFA, CD31, and α‐smooth muscle actin as well as corneal neovascularization in mice. This study has established a strong foundation for the treatment of corneal neovascularization via a gene editing approach for the first time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thermochromic smart windows have gained increasing popularity in light modulation and energy management in buildings. However, the fabrication of flexible thermochromic smart windows with high luminous transmittance (Tlum), tailorable critical temperature (τc), strong solar modulation ability (ΔTsol), and long‐term durability remains a huge challenge. In this study, hydrogel‐based thermochromic smart windows are fabricated by sandwiching thermochromic hydrogels of polyallylamine hydrochloride, polyacrylic acid, and carbonized polymer dots (CPDs) complexes between two pieces of transparent substrates. Benefiting from the incorporation of nanosized CPDs, the thermochromic hydrogel has an ultrahigh Tlum of ~98.7%, a desirable τc of ~24.2 °C, a ΔTsol of ~89.3% and a rapid transition time of ~3 s from opaque state to transparent state. Moreover, the thermochromic hydrogel exhibits excellent anti‐freezing ability, tight adhesion toward various substrates, and excellent self‐healing capability. The self‐healing capability enables the fabrication of large‐area smart windows by welding multiple hydrogel pieces. The smart windows retain their original thermochromic properties after being stored under ambient conditions for at least 147 days or undergoing 10,000 uninterrupted heating/cooling cycles. The model houses with smart windows can achieve a temperature reduction of 9.2 °C, demonstrating the excellent indoor temperature modulation performance of the smart windows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dry eye disease (DED) is a widespread ophthalmic illness that inflicts massive economic and medical burdens on society. Although oxidative stress is closely associated with the onset of DED, barely any quantities of antioxidants are clinically available owing to low efficiency, toxicity, and poor bioavailability. Cerium‐based nanozymes possess promising enzyme‐mimetic activities in scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, the ultra‐small metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have the potential for more efficient drug delivery, ROS elimination, and therapeutic efficacy. However, the development of ultra‐small cerium‐based MOFs (Ce‐MOFs) is limited to a small minority due to challenges in the synthetic process and stability. By simply adjusting raw ingredients concentrations, three types of Ce‐MOFs with distinct particle sizes are synthesized: Ce‐MOF 1 (213 nm), Ce‐MOF 2 (36 nm), and Ce‐MOF 3 (2 nm). In comparison, the obtained ultra‐small Ce‐MOF 3 exhibited superior ROS scavenging and antioxidant capacity, decreased cytotoxicity, and excellent ocular penetration. Therapeutically, Ce‐MOF 3 is demonstrated to be highly efficient in alleviating DED by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation, boosting corneal epithelial repair, and facilitating tear secretion recovery. The novel ultra‐small Ce‐MOF 3 may serve as a promising alternative treatment for DED and other ROS‐related disorders when combined with ocular biocompatibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mobile health livestreaming has rapidly grown and become a popular platform for consumers to receive sustainable health consultation services. However, the factors influencing consumer engagement in this context still need clarification. To address this gap, we propose a framework based on dual-process theory, which suggests that cognitive mechanism and affective mechanism are two pathways that can cultivate consumer engagement in mobile health livestreaming. Using data from 499 Chinese consumers and the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) approach, we empirically corroborated our framework. The results show that perceived intelligence significantly predicts consumer engagement, while concentration is positively associated with consumer engagement. Our results also indicate that concentration moderates the relationship between perceived intelligence and consumer engagement. In addition, mobile health livestreaming features can activate the two mechanisms. Perceived synchronicity and perceived vicariousness have a significant influence on perceived intelligence, while arousal and affinity are positively associated with concentration. This study carries considerable implications for the industry in support of promotional policies to engage consumers in mobile health livestreaming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Processed betel quid product chewing is a public health problem in areca non-plant areas in China. However, there is no valid instrument to screen for betel quid use disorder (BQUD) in mainland China. We developed a self-administered screening test for betel quid use disorders (SST-BQUD) and tested its reliability and validity in a sample of betel quid chewers (BQCers) in Hunan, China. Methods: Items of SST-BQUD were selected from the test results of an item pool, which includes 52 questions related to the psycho-social and behavioral presentations of BQUD. All participants, in a self-administered manner, completed the item pool. A subsample completed the re-test one week later. Two psychiatrists interviewed all participants to ascertain the presence of BQUD. The receiver Operating Characteristic curve was used to determine the best cut-off value to discriminate BQUD. Results: One hundred and twelve BQCers were recruited. Based on the statistical analysis of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, 14 yes/no questions were selected for SST-BQUD. As indicated by Cronbach's α coefficient, the internal consistency was 0.876. The area under the curve of SST-BQUD was 0.881, representing a satisfactory diagnostic value. The one-week re-test reliability test was 0.771 (P< 0.001), suggesting good stability over time. The optimal cut-off score for BQUD screening was six, with a sensitivity of 0.921 and a specificity of 0.716, implying the satisfactory accuracy of SST-BQUD to screen for BQUD. Conclusion: The standard version of SST-BQUD consists of 14 items. The total score of SST-BQUD was the sum of affirmative answers, with higher scores denoting a more severe BQUD symptom. If one answered six or more times "yes" to these 14 questions, they can be classified with BQUD. The SST-BQUD is a valid screening method for BQUD among BQCers in betel quid processed area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coastal areas are suffering from an increasing number of hazards like storm surge or flooding. Luckily, reefs can reduce the risk because of their particular wave dynamic characteristics. In this study, a numerical wave flume is established to simulate the topography of fringing reefs around islands. The smoothed particle hydrodynamics- (SPH-) finite particle method (FPM) scheme is used to deal with Navier–Stokes equations, and the boundary repulsion method is used to deal with the solid wall boundary. The wave propagating and breaking processes over island reefs under regular wave incidence are simulated. The results are compared with the experimental results in the literature, showing that the numerical model can simulate the wave propagating process on the island reef terrain very well. The wave propagation over the island reef terrain experienced the processes of shoaling, breaking, reforming, and so on, and most waves break in the plunging form. The processes of wave-induced setup accompanied with wave breaking before and after the reef ridge were also simulated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the driving force of China's rapid economic development in the past ten years, the study takes Guizhou, Yunnan, and Guangxi as a case study, focusing on the big data assets exchange (GBDEx) and Beibu Gulf Economic Zone, and discusses the impact of Internet plus economic and government data and the big data system on regional economy. Finally, it is believed that the Internet and big data fully avoid the disadvantages of traffic distance between the western region and the eastern region, make full and efficient cooperation between enterprises and institutions in the central and western regions and Chinese and foreign economic entities, and strengthen the control of economic behavior from the big data level with the support of the service-oriented government. The information entropy output from the Internet big data system has led to a significant entropy reduction process in China's economic environment and a more orderly economic system, which is also an important reason for the rapid development of China's economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) has drawn great attraction due to its high theoretical specific capacity (916 mAh g−1), low cost, highlighted chemical stability and environmental benignity. However, it demonstrates poor electrochemical performance due to low instinctive electrical conductivity, huge volume expansion and serious collapse during repeated cycling. In this work, CoFe2O4@C/graphene composite is prepared through a superhigh-temperature hydrothermal treatment. Since the carbonisation process and formation of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles are simultaneously carried out in high pressure environment, which assures CoFe2O4 @C uniformly assembled on the graphene nanosheets without re-stacking. This composite delivers excellent electrochemical performance. A reversible capacity of 557.9 mAh g−1 remained after 500 cycles at 1 A g−1, and 395.2 mAh g−1 maintained after 1000 cycles at 5 A g−1, which is better than those of the most reports. This work provides a significantly simple and effective method to enhance the lithium storage of transition metal oxides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The imbalance between energy density and power density largely limits lithium-ion hybrid capacitor (Li-HEC) advance for various applications. In this work, we report on the construction of a binder-free and porous electrode, which is self-standing T-Nb2O5/graphene hybrid aerogels, as Li-intercalating pseudocapacitive electrodes of Li-HECs. The aerogels, with ultrafine T-Nb2O5 nanorods (10 ~ 40 nm) uniformly growing on the surface of graphene, feature short lithium-ion transport length, large specific surface area, 3D porous structure and good conductivity, and thus demonstrate both reversible specific capacity (~190 mAh/g at 1 C) and good rate capability (~90 mAh/g at 20 C). Most importantly, Li-HEC devices using activated graphene foam as binder-free cathode can achieve excellent energy densities (53 and 19.7 Wh/kg at power of 355 and 2009 W/kg, respectively) and remarkable cycling performance (capacitance retention of 89% after 3000 cycles), benefitting from good matching between cathode and anode as well as their fascinating microstructures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transition metal oxides have attracted lots of interest for lithium ion battery (LIB) due to the high theoretical capacity, however, the large specific volume change, low electrical conductivity and slow intrinsic lithiation/delithiation still limit the practical applications. In order to overcome the challenge, a novel type of high temperature annealing treatment for the synthesis of 3D porous FeOx nanocrystals embedded in a partially carbon matrix as an example for high-performance LIB is reported. The FeOx/carbon nanocomposites with coral-like architecture achieved at 700 °C (F700) exhibit good long term cyclability with a reversible capacity 1012 mAh g−1 remain after 500 cycles at 1.0 A g−1 and the high rate capacity with a reversible capacity of 233 mAh g−1 even at extremely high current density of 20 A g−1. These excellent electrochemical performances could be attributed to the 3D porous structure and carbon coating, which could not only provide excellent electronic conductivity and enough elastic buffer space to accommodate volume changes upon lithium insertion/extraction, but also effectively avoid agglomeration of the Fe3O4 nanocrystals and maintain the structural integrity of the electrode during the charge/discharge process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]