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Copyright of Revue Archéologique de Picardie is the property of Revue Archeologique de Picardie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Extensive spatial and temporal distribution of high-quality data are essential for understanding regional and global behaviors of the geomagnetic field. We carried out chronological and archaeomagnetic studies at the Angkor-era iron-smelting site of Tonle Bak in Cambodia in Southeast Asia, an area with no data available to date. We recovered high-fidelity full-vector geomagnetic information from the 11th to 14th century for this region, which fill gaps in the global distribution of data and will significantly improve the global models. These results reveal a sharp directional change of the geomagnetic field between 1200 and 1300 CE, accompanied by an intensity dip between 1100 and 1300 CE. The fast geomagnetic variation recorded by our data provides evidence for the possible existence of low-latitude flux expulsion. Related discussions in this paper will inspire a new focus on detailed geomagnetic research in low-latitude areas around the equator, and exploration of related dynamic processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Provenance studies of ancient armour based on trace elements in slag inclusions (SI) present analytical challenges due to the small size (<30 μm) of the particles. This paper presents an analytical protocol developed for this kind of SI using LA-ICP-MS. Two different LA-ICP-MS systems were tested: a double focusing inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer coupled with a 193 nm nanosecond laser on the one hand, and a 257 nm femtosecond laser on the other hand. The protocol was used to analyse the composition of the SI in armour samples dating from the 13th to the late 16th centuries and assumed to have been made in different areas (northern Italy, southern Germany and eastern France). The goal was to both validate the methodology developed and address specific historical issues. The results allow us to distinguish different provenance groups. By comparing the SI chemical signatures with the macroscopic slag composition of different production areas, some archaeological pieces identified as armour plates were for the first time attributed to Lorraine (France). The results also present an opportunity to discuss the origin of Italian-style pieces. Among them, eight samples have a common chemical signature. This latter group constitutes the first set of chemical signatures for Italian armour, opening the door for further decisive studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revue du Nord is the property of Revue du Nord and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The large number of iron-laden wrecked ships discovered off Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer (south of France) since the 1990s has enriched our knowledge of both maritime trade in the Mediterranean and the ferrous bars used during antiquity. This exceptional corpus has spawned numerous studies in the fields of archaeology, history, and archaeometallurgy, but, despite a relatively well-documented context, the chronology of wrecks is still to be clarified. Until recently, the chronology of the corpus was mainly supported by the archaeological remains found in the cargo of the wrecks, resulting in a chronological range from the 1st century BC to the 1st century AD. However, the 14C dating of an iron bar from Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer, older by more than a century from the expected chronological range, has revived discussions about the chronology of all the wrecks. Thanks to the development of a new protocol for dating ferrous alloys, based on an extensive study of the ferrous material, 34 samples of iron extracted from 13 ferrous bars constituting the cargo of seven ships could be 14C dated. The 14C results and the archaeological and historical data were subjected to Bayesian analysis to build a chronological framework for the antique shipwrecks of Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer. It appears that all these ships could belong to a larger phase than the one deduced from archaeological remains alone. Consequently, this study helps to support a new vision of the trade between the northeastern Mediterranean and western Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Architecture represents key evidence of dynastic practice and change in the archaeological world. Chronologies for many important buildings and sequences, including the iconic temples of medieval Angkor in Cambodia, are based solely on indirect associations from inscriptions and architectural styles. The Baphuon temple, one of the last major buildings in Angkor without textual or scientifically-derived chronological evidence, is crucial both for the context and date of its construction and the period when its western façade was modified into a unique, gigantic Reclining Buddha. Its construction was part of a major dynastic change and florescence of the Hindu-Mahayana Buddhist state and the modification is the key evidence of Theravada Buddhist power after Angkor's decline in the 15th century. Using a newly-developed approach based on AMS radiocarbon dating to directly date four iron crampons integrated into the structure we present the first direct evidence for the history of the Baphuon. Comprehensive study of ferrous elements shows that both construction and modification were critically earlier than expected. The Baphuon can now be considered as the major temple associated with the imperial reformations and territorial consolidation of Suryavarman I (1010–1050 AD) for whom no previous building to legitimize his reign could be identified. The Theravada Buddhist modification is a hundred years prior to the conventional 16th century estimation and is not associated with renewed use of Angkor. Instead it relates to the enigmatic Ayutthayan occupation of Angkor in the 1430s and 40s during a major period of climatic instability. Accurately dating iron with relatively low carbon content is a decisive step to test long-standing assumptions about architectural histories and political processes for states that incorporated iron into buildings (e.g., Ancient Greece, medieval India). Furthermore, this new approach has the potential to revise chronologies related to iron consumption practices since the origins of ferrous metallurgy three millennia ago. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revue du Nord is the property of Revue du Nord and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Examines the photophysics of rhenium and ruthenium diimine complexes. Intramolecular energy of metal-to-ligand charge transfer and pyrene; Presence of intraligand charge transfer in the diimine complex; Use of electron absorption spectroscopy in determining charge-transfer transition.

The article presents a study which determined the genome size of samples of plant-parasitic nematodes using the flow cytometry technique. The ten taxa included in the study encompass three orders such as Dorylaimida, Aphelenchida and Tylenchida. The species, genera, families and orders of nematodes are presented. The haploid genome sizes and standard deviations are also shown.

Deals with a study which measured the genome size of several nematode species using Caenorhabditis elegans as a reference. Influence of life cycle on the evolution of genome size; Analysis of the phylogenetic relationship using the eigenvector method.