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Contaminants pose a great threat to amphibian populations, but the bioaccumulation and distribution of contaminants in amphibians are still unclear. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) had median concentrations of 468-3560 ng/g lipid weight (lw) and 206-2720 ng/g lw in the muscle of amphibians, respectively. BDE 209 was the predominant PBDE congener, while CBs 118, 138, 153, and 180 were the main PCB congeners. The diet compositions of amphibians were estimated by quantitative fatty acid signature analysis (QFASA). Dragonfly contributed the most to the diet of amphibians. Biomagnification factors (BMFs) based on quantitative amphibian/insect relationships showed more credible results than BMFs based on amphibian/each insect or amphibian/combined prey relationships. BMFs derived from QFASA declined with log

Biomagnification of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is affected by physiochemical properties of POPs and ecological factors of wildlife. In this study, influences on species-specific biomagnification of POPs from aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates to eight songbird species were investigated. The median concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in birds were 175 to 13 200 ng/g lipid weight (lw) and 62.7 to 3710 ng/g lw, respectively. Diet compositions of different invertebrate taxa for songbird species were quantified by quantitative fatty acid signature analysis. Aquatic insects had more contributions of more hydrophobic POPs, while terrestrial invertebrates had more contributions of less hydrophobic PCBs in songbirds. Biomagnification factors (BMFs) and trophic magnification factors had parabolic relationships with log

The emission and distribution characteristics of polychlorinated dibenzo- p -dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) were investigated during the co-combustion of sewage sludge (SS) with municipal solid waste (MSW) in a grate-type furnace, South China. On the output side, the stack gas, slag and fly ash with the dioxin levels of 10.75 pg I-TEQ/Nm 3 , 4.98 pg I-TEQ/g and 294.9 pg I-TEQ/g, respectively, showed similarities in congener profiles. However, the input side presented a significantly different congener profiles compared to that in the output side, which may attribute to the de novo synthesis. The predominant PCDD/Fs contribution (>90%) in fly ash suggested it as the major sink of dioxins in the output side. A positive mass balance of PCDD/Fs with the value of 12.09 μg I-TEQ/t-MF was demonstrated.