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'Bullough lesions', also referred to as protuberant fibro-osseous lesions (PFOL), are rare temporal bone lesions initially described in 1999. Since only 12 cases have been reported, several key issues, such as their origin and recommended management strategies, remain unresolved. This article reports the largest cohort included in the literature to date, comprising four patients with PFOL. PFOL appears to be characterized by female and right-side predominance. These lesions were consistently located regarding the mastoid, generally diagnosed in early adulthood, without functional symptoms, and were always fibro-osseous. Invasive/malignant features were not found on imaging or histology. The main differential diagnosis was malignant low-grade parosteal osteosarcoma. Clinical examination and computed tomography images provided strong elements supporting the diagnosis of PFOL. Biopsy allowed molecular biology investigations (MDM2 and CDK4 amplification), in order to rule out low-grade parosteal osteosarcoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To report the biopsy findings of osteoid osteoma (OO) and OO-mimicking lesions, assess their distinctive multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) features and evaluate treatment by radiofrequency ablation (RFA).Methods: In this multicentric retrospective study, 80 patients (54 male, 26 female, mean age 24.1 years, range 5-48) with presumed (clinical and MDCT features) OO were treated by percutaneous RFA between May 2002 and June 2009. Per-procedural biopsies were always performed. The following MDCT features were assessed: skeletal distribution and location within the bone, size, central calcification, surrounding osteosclerosis and periosteal reaction. Clinical success of RFA was evaluated.Results: Histopathological diagnoses were: 54 inconclusive biopsies, 16 OO, 10 OO-mimicking lesions (5 chronic osteomyelitis, 3 chondroblastoma, 1 eosinophilic granuloma, 1 fibrous dysplasia). OO-mimicking lesions were significantly greater in size (p = 0.001) and presented non-significant trends towards medullary location (p = 0.246), moderate surrounding osteosclerosis (p = 0.189) and less periosteal reaction (p = 0.197), compared with OO. Primary success for ablation of OO-mimicking lesions was 100% at 1 month, 85.7% at 6 and 12 months, and 66.7% at 24 months. Secondary success was 100%.Conclusion: Larger size, medullary location, less surrounding osteosclerosis and periosteal reaction on MDCT may help differentiate OO-mimicking lesions from OO. OO-mimicking lesions are safely and successfully treated by RFA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of computed tomography angiography (CTA) in predicting arterial encasement by limb tumours, by comparing CTA with surgical findings (gold standard).Methods: Preoperative CTA images of 55 arteries in 48 patients were assessed for arterial status: cross-sectional CTA images were scored as showing a fat plane between artery and tumour (score 0), slight contact between artery and tumour (score 1), partial arterial encasement (score 2) or total arterial encasement (score 3). Reformatted CTA images were assessed for arterial displacement, rigid wall, stenosis or occlusion. At surgery, arteries were classified as free or surgically encased; 45 arteries were free and 10 were surgically encased.Results: Multivariate logistic regression identified the axial CTA score as a relevant predictor for arterial encasement and subsequent vascular intervention during surgery. All sites where CTA showed a fat plane between the tumour and the artery were classified as free at surgery (n = 28/28). The sensitivity of total arterial encasement on CTA (score 3) was 90%, specificity 93%, accuracy 93% and positive likelihood ratio 13.5.Conclusion: CTA evidence of total arterial encasement is a highly specific indication of arterial encasement. The presence of fat between the tumour and the artery on CTA rules out arterial involvement at surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unlabelled: The use of allograft-prosthesis composites for reconstruction after bone tumor resection at the proximal femur has generated considerable interest since the mid1980s on the basis that their use would improve function and survival, and restore bone stock. Although functional improvement has been documented, it is unknown whether these composites survive long periods and whether they restore bone stock. We therefore determined long-term allograft-prosthesis composite survival, identified major complications that led to revision, and determined whether allograft bone stock could be spared at the time of revision. We also compared the radiographic appearance of allografts sterilized by gamma radiation and fresh-frozen allografts. We retrospectively reviewed 32 patients with bone malignancy in the proximal femur who underwent reconstruction with a cemented allograft-prosthesis composite. The allograft-prosthesis composite was a primary reconstruction for 23 patients and a revision procedure for nine. The minimum followup was 2 months (median, 68 months; range, 2-232 months). The cumulative incidence of revision for any reason was 14% at 5 years (95% confidence interval, 1%-28%) and 19% at 10 years (95% confidence interval, 3%-34%). Nine patients (28%) had revision of the reconstruction during followup; four of these patients had revision surgery for infection. Allografts sterilized by gamma radiation showed worse resorption than fresh-frozen allografts. Based on reported results, allograft-composite prostheses do not appear to improve survival compared with megaprostheses.Level Of Evidence: Level IV, therapeutic study. See Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 27-year-old man consulted with clinical and radiological features of chronic erosive oligoarthritis of large joints (hips and knee), associated with diffuse lymph-node enlargement and diabetes insipidus. Lymph-node biopsy provided the diagnosis of systemic Langerhans' cell histiocytosis, for which synovial involvement remains a diagnostic challenge. Infectious diseases search and immunological tests were all negative. Skeleton radiographs, hip and cerebral magnetic resonance imaging showed, respectively, erosive arthritis of the hips and stigmates of pituitary-stalk involvement. Hip-synovium biopsy exhibited the main histological features of Erdheim-Chester disease, a non-Langerhans' cell histiocytosis. An extensive literature review found that Langerhans' cell histiocytosis and non-Langerhans' cell histiocytosis (mainly Erdheim-Chester disease) coexistence is rare and synovial involvements in them even more so, these latter presenting mainly as large joint monoarthritis. The absence of typical clinical and radiographic signs of Erdheim-Chester disease led to consideration of the rheumatologic diagnosis of unclassified non-Langerhans' cell histiocytosis (or Erdheim-Chester disease-type) oligoarthritis, associated with multiorgan Langerhans' cell histiocytosis. The differential diagnosis of large joint erosive arthritis should then include both entities, particularly when multiorgan manifestations are present. Non-Langerhans' cell histiocytosis synovial involvements responded poorly to vinblastine and corticosteroids, while Langerhans' cell histiocytosis involvements responded completely but transiently. Both entities regressed under cladribine, with only mild relapses of the non-Langerhans' cell histiocytosis involvements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a case study of a 57-year-old woman with myoma and polyp and a 42-year-old woman with history of hirsutism. The patients' clinical examinations, which include laparoscopy, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computed tomography (CT), led to the definitive histological diagnosis of granulosa cell tumours (GCTs), which are hormone-secreting ovarian tumours. It also discusses the characteristics of GCTs and the suggested surgical treatment such as salpingo-oophorectomy.

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease is characterized by painful cervical lymphadenopathy and constitutional symptoms. Microscopical study of lymph nodes shows focal areas of non-suppurative necrosis with histiocytic and plasmacytoid cell infiltrates. The course is usually benign. Often primitive, necrotising histiocytic lymphadenopathy may be associated with autoimmune disorders. We describe the case of a 30-year-old female patient with two 15-day courses of Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease flares within a period of 3 months, occurring in association with mixed connective tissue disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]