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BACKGROUND Anning is an important industrial and mining city in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. It is a fulcrum for economic development and ecological civilization construction in the Central Yunnan New Area. The investigation of geochemical water system sediments and hydrogeology in the Anning area was last performed in the 1970s and the 1980s. In recent years, the impact of human production and life on the ecological environment remains unclear. OBJECTIVES Surface sediment samples from the Anning area were investigated to reveal their pollution status, spatial distribution characteristics, and potential ecological risks of river sediments. METHODS X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma optical mass spectrometry, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and other methods were used to systematically analyze the contents and distribution characteristics of major elements, trace elements, and 16 priority-controlled PAHs. Geoaccumulation index, Hankanson ecological risk index, and sediment quality criteria were used to assess the ecological risk of eight typical heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn, Pb, and Hg) and PAHs. RESULTS Results showed that the heavy metal content in the river sediments from the Anning area was higher than the background values of the national and southern rivers. The spatial distributions of the heavy metals were highly variable and uneven. Additionally, Cd, Hg, and Ad showed medium to severe potential ecological risks. The average content of ∑PAHs was 20856ng/g, and the detection rate of the 16 monomers was ~100%. The overall ecological risk of PAHs was low, and their main sources were petrochemical industry and combustion of petroleum fuels. The major risks of pollutants in the river sediments of the Anning area were mainly concentrated in the vicinity of steel plants and chemical factories in the Tanglangchuan River. CONCLUSIONS This research provides a scientific basis for local governments to strengthen key industrial point source pollution control, and reduce and control industrial sewage discharge.

Periodical impulses in vibration signals are key features in rolling element bearing fault diagnosis. Based on an overcomplete dictionary composed of different morphological atoms, morphological component analysis can be used to extract the signal components of different types of morphologies. A new morphological component analysis method based on a novel over-completed dictionary was proposed herein. According to morphological differences between components in rolling element bearing fault vibration signal, the method after improved dictionary could more targeted to extract impulse components containing fault feature. Then through envelope spectrum analysis, the fault characteristic frequency was extracted accurately, and rolling element bearing local faults were diagnosed. Compared with the Fast Kurtogram method for bearing fault diagnosis, the new method could avoid non-accuracy and non-optimality problems caused by artificial choice of resonance band, and improve the effectiveness of fault diagnosis. By analyzing both the simulation signal and the experimental dataset of rolling element bearing faults, the proposed method is validated.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between health literacy, self-care agency, social support and health status among elderly Chinese nursing home residents in Xinjiang. Design: Participants were selected using a stratified cluster random sampling design. Setting: The study was conducted from September 2011 to June 2012 in 44 nursing homes in four cities of Xinjiang, China. Methods: A total of 1,452 participants aged between 60 and 99 years met the study inclusion criteria. Data were collected using the Chinese Citizen Health Literacy Questionnaire, the Exercise of Self-Care Agency Scale, the Social Support Rating Scale, the Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire and the Activities of Daily Living Scale. Subsequently, 1,452 questionnaires were distributed with a response rate of 96.14% (1,396 of 1,452). Results: Path analysis with structural equation modelling was used to test a hypothesised model linking health literacy to self-care agency, social support and health status. The optimal fitted model indicated that pathways linking health literacy to health status consisted of one direct path (path coefficient = 0.074) and three indirect paths (path coefficient = 0.194), with a total path coefficient of health literacy to health status being 0.268. Conclusion: Improving health literacy may enable older adults to more appropriately use self-care agency and social support as part of health promotion. The outcomes of this study suggest that to enhance the effects of health promotion interventions, health professionals should aim at raising the health literacy levels of elderly people in China.

Background: Although bedrail use may increase the risk of accidents among patients, bedrails are still extensively used in healthcare facilities. Therefore, the field calls for a review of bedrail use in practice. Objective: This report examined the prevalence and implications of bedrail use in rehabilitation facilities in Hong Kong. The findings are compared with the current state of bedrail use worldwide. Design and methods: This work is a cross-sectional, observational study. A secondary analysis was conducted on the database of a prospective trial. Bilateral bedrail use was observed in two Hong Kong rehabilitation hospitals. Logistic regression was performed to examine the factors associated with bedrail use. Results: A total of 3,384 restraint observations were made. The bedrail rate was 31.34%, which revealed that bedrail use was the second most commonly used physical restraint. The fall history (OR: 2.84), cognitive impairment (OR: 0.91) and functional dependency (OR: 0.79) of patients were significant predictors of bedrail use, p <.05. Conclusion: This study examines bedrail prevalence through direct observation, which is the preferred method for examining bedrail use in practice. We found that actual bedrail use is higher than the numbers reported in previous studies in Hong Kong. In addition, our research reveals that bedrails are commonly used for vulnerable patients. This finding highlights the need to change nurses' beliefs on bedrail use through education. The management of these health facilities should also aim to create an institutional environment that promotes the reduction of bedrail use. Implementation strategies on restraint reduction should also fit the culture of the organisation and local nursing practices, as well as the staff's values. Impact Statement: This study provides preliminary information about the widespread use of bedrails in Hong Kong and other countries. The research also introduces effective ways to achieve the reduction of bedrail use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In China, the nursing discipline has undergone rapid development in recent years, and clinical educators are an important part of the nursing education team. In order to improve their teaching ability and become competent clinical educators, we provided learning opportunities to them. Method: To assess the effectiveness of education courses and modules, a cross-sectional study based on questionnaire responses was conducted. Sixty-six part-time clinical nurse educators from six teaching hospitals were included. A standardized four-section questionnaire developed by the authors was used. Results: The education curriculum was approved by clinical educators (94%). The specific content in the education courses significantly improved the teaching ability (84%). From a teaching perspective, the confidence was enhanced; the clinical educators were able to control the purpose of teaching and learning objectives via a syllabus (92%). Conclusion: Education courses can improve teaching ability, reinforce teaching control, and promote the quality of clinical teaching. Education courses can improve teaching ability, reinforce teaching control, and promote the quality of clinical teaching. [[J Contin Educ Nurs. 2019;50(8):367–373.] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Aim: To explore the effectiveness of the teach‐back method for improving the health literacy of older adults in nursing homes in Ürümqi, the capital of Xinjiang, China. Methods: Among the 27 registered nursing homes, 10 were selected randomly by size and divided into the intervention and control groups. A total of 127 older adults in the intervention group and 136 in the control group met the inclusion criteria. The intervention and control groups were educated by using the teach‐back and traditional methods, respectively, in this 6 month study. The Chinese Citizen Health Literacy Questionnaire was used to evaluate the effects of the interventions. Results: Pre‐intervention, the health literacy level of the cohorts was relatively low. Postintervention, the total health literacy score of the intervention group increased, while the total health literacy score of the control group had increased to a lesser extent. The total and four‐dimension scores of the two groups were statistically significant. The intergroup difference in the two groups, and the intervention group's total health literacy score and each dimension score were higher than in the control group; these differences were statistically significant . Conclusions: The teach‐back method can improve the health literacy level of older adults through short‐term educational intervention. The teach‐back method should be adopted by more healthcare providers and applied to improve the health literacy education of older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a strong interest in plasmonic nanostructures that uniformly enhance Raman signals of chemical and biological molecules using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) for trace detection. Although the resonant excitation of localized surface plasmons of single or assembled metallic nanoparticles can generate large electromagnetic fields, their SERS effects suffer from poor reproducibility and uniformity, limiting their highly reliable and stable applications. Here, we report self-supported large-scale nanoporous hybrid films with high density and uniform hot spots, produced by the implantation of SnO nanoparticles into nanoporous Au/Ag bimetallic films (NP Au/SnO/Ag) for the trace detections of both resonant and non-resonant molecules. The NP Au/SnO/Ag films exhibit extraordinary SERS enhancements, which increase with the increasing density of Au/SnO/Ag sandwich protrusions, as a result of the formation of abundant and uniform hot spots. The nanogaps in their wrinkled films further improve the capability to detect molecules at single molecular levels, making the hybrid films promising SERS-active substrates with superior reproducibility and reliability for applications in life science and environment protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new formulation for the fraction of electron acceptor sites of methane (CH 4) of cubic-plus-association couple with Huron-Vidal (CPA-HV) model is presented, and a combine rule is used to calculate the cross-associating strength of CH 4 -water (H 2 O) binary system. Meanwhile, the interaction parameters (E ij , E ji and F) of CPA-HV model are regressed for CH 4 –H 2 O binary and CH 4 –H 2 O–NaCl ternary systems. The predictions of CPA-HV model are consistent with a lot of binary and ternary experimental data of these systems. Compared with CPA-vdW and SRK-HV models, the accuracy of CPA-HV model is the best for vapor-liquid equilibria of CH 4 –H 2 O system. The average absolute relative deviations of the predicted CH 4 solubility in H 2 O and aqueous sodium chloride solutions for CPA-HV model are respectively 5.84% and 6.91%. • A new formulation for the fraction of the electron acceptor sites of CPA-HV model. • The CPA-HV model is used to predict phase equilibria for CH 4 –H 2 O and CH 4 –H 2 O–NaCl systems. • Compared with CPA-vdW and SRK-HV models, the accuracy of CPA-HV model for CH 4 –H 2 O system is best. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]