Search

Ischemic stroke constitutes a multifaceted neurological affliction that spans various cellular types. Lack of dynamic chromatin accessibility data after stroke is one of the obstacles to understanding this process. To gain insights into the variations in transcriptional regulation among various cell types subsequent to a stroke, we employed single-nucleus ATAC-seq to curate a chromatin accessibility compendium from the cerebral cortex of mice subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R). Tissue samples were collected at various time points including 0, 6, 12, 24 hours, and 7, 14 days post-reperfusion, in addition to Sham control group. We obtained 99,271 high-quality nuclei across nine cell types, thereby establishing the single-nucleus chromatin accessibility atlas. This atlas provides data for interpreting the regulatory mechanisms that pervade the continuum of ischemic stroke. The data presented herein constitutes a valuable resource for the comprehension of regulatory interplays within the pathology-afflicted cerebrum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acute‐on‐chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a severe condition characterized by a systemic inflammatory response and associated with high mortality. Currently, there is no reliable prediction model for long‐term prognosis in ACLF. This study aimed to develop and validate a prognostic model incorporating inflammation indexes to predict the long‐term outcome of patients with hepatitis B virus‐related ACLF (HBV‐ACLF). A retrospective analysis of clinical data from HBV‐ACLF patients (n = 986) treated at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University between January 2014 and December 2018 was conducted. Patients were randomly divided into training (n = 690) and validation (n = 296) cohorts. The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) and Cox regression analyses were used to identify independent risk factors for long‐term mortality. The following variables were identified as independent predictors of long‐term mortality: age, cirrhosis, hepatic encephalopathy, total bilirubin (TBIL), international normalized ratio (INR), monocyte‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and neutrophil‐to‐platelet ratio (NPR). A novel nomogram was established by assigning weights to each variable. The C‐index of the nomogram was 0.777 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.752–0.802). In the training set, the area under the curve (AUC) for predicting mortality at 1, 3, and 12 months was 0.841 (95% CI: 0.807–0.875), 0.827 (95% CI: 0.796–0.859), and 0.829 (95% CI: 0.798–0.859), respectively. The nomogram demonstrated superior predictive performance for 12‐month survival compared to the model for end‐stage liver disease (MELD) score (0.767, 95% CI: 0.730–0.804, p < 0.001) and the clinical overt sepsis in acute liver failure clinical practice Guidelines‐ACLF II score (0.807, 95% CI: 0.774–0.840, p = 0.028). Finally, calibration curves and decision curve analysis (DCA) confirmed the clinical utility of the nomogram. The novel inflammation‐based scoring system, incorporating MLR and NPR, effectively predicts long‐term mortality in HBV‐ACLF patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agricultural big data is of great importance for developing smart agriculture and promoting agricultural modernization, which could be promoted by the combination of the industrial chain data and the area data of county level or agricultural park level. The national modern agricultural industrial park is an important carrier for the development of agricultural big data platform. Based on the construction of the Tea and Flower Industry Big Data Platform in Zhangping Modern Agricultural Industrial Park, Fujian Province, China, this paper recognized the main problems of local tea and flower industry, analyzed the demands of different users of the platform, and proposed the general framework, main functions, and applications of the platform. Centering on the leading industries (tea and flower industry) in Zhangping Modern Agricultural Industrial Park, the platform takes organization, standardization, branding, informatization and industrialization as the development direction, undertakes the functions of data integration, industrial analysis, application service and display demonstration, and builds an application management platform and corresponding operation service support, database, display and service terminals for government departments and business entities. The main applications of the platform include digital certificate of tea gardens, standardization management of planting and processing, soil nutrition management, general management of tea and flower industries, quality-and-safety traceability management, credit management of business entities, and the decision cockpit. This paper summarizes and suggests that the government should attach importance to the construction of data resource system, pay attention to data application and value mining, retain data and application service interfaces for future function expansion, and establish a big data talent team. The construction of big data platform can promote the integration of industrial basic data and the information management of industrial chain in Zhangping Modern Agricultural Industrial Park, which is conducive to breaking through the blocking points of industrial development, making up the shortcomings of industrial chain and smoothing the supply chain channels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Umbilical cord blood stem cell transplantation (CBSCT) has approached significant success in leukemia treatment, but it is associated with higher rates of delayed or failed engraftment and relapse. This may be caused by immature immune cells of umbilical cord blood. We try to expand stem/progenitor cells and T, NK, DC immunocytes from umbilical cord blood for transplantation and immunotherapy. CB MNCs were cultured and analyzed for progenitor/stem cells, immunocytes at day 0, 3, 7 and 14 by using flowcytometry. The combinations of SCF, IL-3, IL-6, plus IL-2 or/and IL-4 showed significantly expanded results both for UCB MNCs and CD34+ cells. CD34+ percentage went up from fresh CB 1.6% to the highest group E (SCF+IL-3, 6, 2, 4) 11.1%. The average expansion multiples of CD34+ cells at 7th culture days were from 10 to 50 (SCF+IL-3, 6, 2, 4). The CD3+ T cells was (18.7±4.3)% in fresh cord blood, and decreased sharply in the medium without cytokine, while markedly increased in groups with cytokines combination, in group B, E, G and F, their level were about 2 times of fresh control. The fresh UCB contained (3.6±1.9)% CD56+ cells, NK cells only were expanded in groups with IL-2. DCs markers CD1a, CD80, CD83 and CD86 expressed a lower level at day 3 in all test groups, and then increased sharply in groups E, F and G with IL-4 cytokin at 7th culture days. T cells, NK cells and DCs as well as stem/progenitor cells could be expanded in the same medium from CB MNCs with the combinations of cytokines. The combination of SCF, IL-2, IL-3, IL-6 and IL-4 showed a balanceable expansion result of both CD34+ cells and immunocytes at 7th culture days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sorption characteristics of phenanthrene (PHE) were studied on eight soils with organic carbon contents spanning over an order of magnitude using phase distribution relationships (PDRs) at 1 h, 48 h, and 720 h contact times. A new algebraic method was employed to describe the sorption characteristics at different time intervals (between 1 h and 48 h, and 1 h and 720 h). It was found that nonlinearity increased with increasing contact time and sorption that occurred in the subsequent time interval following the initial 1 h exhibited stronger isotherm nonlinearity. Sorption coefficients were positively correlated with the organic carbon contents of the soils. Detailed sorption dynamics were also examined on these soils. A two-compartment, first-order model was used to describe the sorption dynamics. The rate constants of the two compartments differed 18–170 times, suggesting the dissimilar sorption behaviors of the mathematically separated compartments. These two compartments were labeled fast and slow sorption compartment according to the rate constants. Calculation showed that the fast compartment accounted for over 80% of the overall sorption at the initial 1 h, while the slow compartment predominated the total sorption in the following 47 h. By combining the discussion of PDRs and sorption dynamics, the contributions of the two compartments to linear and nonlinear sorption were differentiated. The slow sorption compartment made a major contribution to nonlinear sorption and possibly to sequestration of organic pollutants by these soils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The characteristics of neonatal immune cells display intrinsic differences compared with adult immune cells. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis of key gene expression regulation is required to understand the response of the human fetal immune system to infections. Here, we applied single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and single-cell sequencing assay for transposase-accessible chromatin (scATAC-seq) to systematically profile umbilical cord blood (UCB) nucleated cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to identify their composition and differentially expressed genes. The immune cells in neonatal UCB demonstrated the expression of key genes, such as HBG2 , NFKBIA , JUN , FOS , and TNFAIP3. In contrast, natural killer and T cells, which are constituents of adult PBMCs, exhibited high cytotoxic gene expression. Furthermore, we obtained similar results from the data of scATAC-seq by identifying the status of chromatin accessibility of key genes. Therefore, scRNA-seq and scATAC-seq of neonatal UCB nucleated cells and adult PBMCs could serve as an invaluable resource for elucidating the regulatory mechanisms of responses of distinct immune cell types and further identifying the differences between neonatal and adult immune responses to predict the potential underlying mechanism for neonatal immune tolerance. • scRNA-seq identified three upregulated genes in UCB immune cells. • scATAC-seq revealed distinct chromatin accessibility features in UCB and PBMC. • Gene expression markedly differed among immune cells in UCB and PBMC. • A regulatory network of differentially expressed genes was constructed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: CDA-II (cell differentiation agent II), isolated from healthy human urine, is a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor. Previous studies indicated that CDA-II played important roles in the regulation of cell growth and certain differentiation processes. However, it has not been determined whether CDA-II affects skeletal myogenesis. In this study, we investigated effects of CDA-II treatment on skeletal muscle progenitor cell differentiation, migration and proliferation. We found that CDA-II blocked differentiation of murine myoblasts C2C12 in a dose-dependent manner. CDA-II repressed expression of muscle transcription factors, such as Myogenin and Mef2c, and structural proteins, such as myosin heavy chain (Myh3), light chain (Mylpf) and MCK. Moreover, CDA-II inhibited C1C12 cell migration and proliferation. Thus, our data provide the first evidence that CDA-II inhibits growth and differentiation of muscle progenitor cells, suggesting that the use of CDA-II might affect skeletal muscle functions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]