Author: "L Jose" / Search Limiters: Peer Reviewed - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

69 results on '"L Jose"'

1. Predictors of Usability of a Mobile Intelligent Agent Information Provider for College Students

Author: Rex Perez Bringula, Janszen Kiel L. Jose, Arnelle T. Lardizabal, and John Raymon D. Lizaso
Subjects: Human-Computer Interaction
Abstract: This study determined the factors that influenced the usability of a mobile-based intelligent agent called “AskRed.” The design-related factors were evaluated in terms of performance, accuracy, responsiveness, aesthetics, and completeness. The usability of the software was determined in terms of satisfaction and intention to re-use the software. The software received favorable ratings from the students. Experts' software evaluation recommended strengthening the design of the intelligent agent in terms of security, performance, completeness, and ease-of-use. Multiple regression analyses showed that performance and completeness influenced satisfaction and intention to re-use. Aesthetics and responsiveness influenced satisfaction but not intention to re-use. Responsiveness had a negative impact on satisfaction. The predictive powers of the regression equations are 58% and 73%. This study provided empirical evidence on the predictors of usability of an intelligent agent used in a university setting.
Published: 2023
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2. Postoperative Neurologic Complications in the Older Adult: Surgical Care for Current Geriatric Reports (https://www.springer.com/journal/13670).

Author: Gummadi, Sriharsha and Pascual L., Jose L.
Published: 2024
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3. A strategy to determine off-axis dosimetric leaf gap using OSLD and EPID

Author: Divyalakshmi, Janahiraman, Rafic, K Mohamathu, Babu, Ebenezer Suman, Balasingh, Timothy Peace, Sebastin, Amalan, Sujith, Christopher J., and Raj, L Jose Solomon
Subjects: Oncology, electronic portal imaging device, dosimetric leaf gap, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, rounded leaf-end transmission, optically stimulated luminescence dosimeter, Research Paper
Abstract: Background The aim of the study was to investigate the dosimetric feasibility of using optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters (OSLD) and an electronic portal imaging device (EPID) for central axis (CA X) and off-axis (OAX) dosimetric leaf gap (DLG) measurement. Materials and methods The Clinac 2100C/D linear accelerator equipped with Millennium-120 multileaf collimator (MLC) and EPID was utilized for this study. The DLG values at CA X and ± 1 cm OAX (1 cm superior and inferior to the CA X position, respectively along the plane perpendicular to MLC motion) were measured using OSLD (DLGOSLD) and validated using ionization chamber dosimetry (DLGICD). The two-dimensional DLG map (2D DLGEPID) was derived from the portal images of the DLG plan using a custom-developed software application that incorporated sliding aperture-specific correction factors. Results DLGOSLD and DLGICD, though measured with diverse setup in different media, showed similar variation both at CA X and ± 1 cm OAX positions. The corresponding DLGEPID values derived using aperture specific corrections were found to be in agreement with DLGOSLD and DLGICD. The 2D DLGEPID map provides insight into the varying patterns of the DLG with respect to each leaf pair at any position across the exposed field. Conclusions Commensurate results of DLGOSLD with DLGICD values have proven the efficacy of OSLD as an appropriate dosimeter for DLG measurement. The 2D DLGEP ID map opens a potential pathway to accurately model the rounded-leaf end transmission with discrete leaf-specific DLG values for commissioning of a modern treatment planning system.
Published: 2021
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4. EXPLORING THE METABOLICALLY ACTIVE RUMEN MICROBIOTA AND ITS FIBROLYTIC POTENTIAL IN CROSSBRED CATTLE FED ON FIBROUS DIET THROUGH METATRANSCRIPTOMICS

Author: Pradeep Kumar Malik, Atul P. Kolte, A. Sha Arun, Ravi Prabhakar More, S. Trivedi, L Jose, G Thirumalaisamy, and R. Bhatta
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Genetics, animal structures, Carbohydrate transport, biology, Firmicutes, 030106 microbiology, food and beverages, 010501 environmental sciences, Prevotella ruminicola, Ribosomal RNA, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Microbiology, Prevotella brevis, 03 medical and health sciences, Rumen, Prevotella, ORFS, Molecular Biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Food Science, Biotechnology
Abstract: The rumen wharves conglomerate of symbiotic fibrolytic microflora with the potential to produce repertoire of carbohydrate-active enzymes to elicit the degradation of recalcitrant plant lignocellulosic complex into simpler forms that can be utilized by the host. A metatranscriptomics approach was adopted to explore the metabolically active microbiota and the transcripts involved in the deconstruction of lignocellulose in Indian crossbred cattle rumen. The experimental animals were fed with mixed diet for a period of twenty-one days and the total RNA was isolated from the rumen digesta using a modified total RNA extraction protocol. After mRNA enrichment, the cDNA libraries were subjected to sequencing under Illumina HiSeq platform and generated about 2.89 GB of raw sequences. The contig assembly was accomplished using two different tools and the redundant sequences were removed before further processing. A total of 133,930 orfs were predicted from the assembled contigs using MetaGeneMark tool and the taxonomic affiliation of orfs were achieved using MEGAN 6.0 Community Edition. A total of 17 bacterial, 5 eukaryotic and 1 archaeal phylum were identified from rumen metatranscriptomic dataset. Phylum Bacteroidetes were acknowledged as the most abundant and metabolically active rumen bacterial populations in cattle rumen with 36,414 orfs corresponding to it, followed by Firmicutes with 6,349 orfs. Further, MEGAN annotation of metatranscriptomic data at species level revealed that Prevotella brevis and Prevotella ruminicola as the most metabolically active bacterial populations representing 4,022 and 2,725 orfs each. The functional annotation of metatranscriptomic data using COG database revealed that a large number of transcripts (~16%) were corresponding to translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis and carbohydrate transport and metabolism (15%). dbCAN annotation of rumen metatranscriptomic data identified and classified 5,267 transcripts belonging to 168 CAZyme families (GH-52%, GT-26%, CBM-14%, CE-6%, PL-2% and AA-0%). The microbial community analysis of the CAZyme encoding transcripts using M5NR database revealed that a significant proportion of CAZymes were contributed by genera Prevotella (37%) and Bacteroides (21%). The cattle rumen microbiome metatranscriptome analysis presented in this study facilitated the detection of large number of transcripts encoding diverse CAZymes that actively take part in the hydrolysis of plant lignocellulose complex that may be useful for improving livestock and biofuel generation.
Published: 2020
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5. Notas y alcances sobre el Estadonación en la política mundial del presente: una reflexión desde las relaciones internacionales

Author: Morandé L, José A.
Published: 2004

6. Predicting mortality in febrile adults: comparative performance of the MEWS, qSOFA, and UVA scores using prospectively collected data among patients in four health-care sites in sub-Saharan Africa and South-Eastern AsiaResearch in context

Author: Sham Lal, Manophab Luangraj, Suzanne H. Keddie, Elizabeth A. Ashley, Oliver Baerenbold, Quique Bassat, John Bradley, John A. Crump, Nicholas A. Feasey, Edward W. Green, Kevin C. Kain, Ioana D. Olaru, David G. Lalloo, Chrissy h. Roberts, David C.W. Mabey, Christopher C. Moore, Heidi Hopkins, Sara Ajanovic, Benjamin Amos, Stéphanie Baghoumina, Núria Balanza, Tsitsi Bandason, Tapan Bhattacharyya, Stuart D. Blacksell, Zumilda Boca, Christian Bottomley, Justina M. Bramugy, Clare IR. Chandler, Vilada Chansamouth, Mabvuto Chimenya, Joseph Chipanga, Anelsio Cossa, Ethel Dauya, Catherine Davis, Xavier de Lamballerie, Justin Dixon, Somyoth Douangphachanh, Audrey Dubot-Pérès, Michelle M. Durkin, Rashida A. Ferrand, Colin Fink, Elizabeth JA. Fitchett, Alessandro Gerada, Stephen R. Graves, Edward Green, Becca L. Handley, Coll D. Hutchison, Risara Jaksuwan, Jessica Jervis, Jayne Jones, Khamxeng Khounpaseuth, Katharina Kranzer, Khamfong Kunlaya, Pankaj Lal, Yoel Lubell, David CW. Mabey, Eleanor MacPherson, Forget Makoga, Sengchanh Manichan, Tegwen Marlais, Florian Maurer, Mayfong Mayxay, Michael Miles, Polycarp Mogeni, Campos Mucasse, Paul N. Newton, Chelsea Nguyen, Vilayouth Phimolsarnnousith, Mathieu Picardeau, Chrissy H. Roberts, Amphone Sengduangphachanh, Siho Sengsavang, Molly Sibanda, Somvai Singha, John Stenos, Ampai Tanganuchitcharnchai, Hira Tanvir, James E. Ussher, Marta Valente, Marie A. Voice, Manivanh Vongsouvath, Msopole Wamaka, L Joseph Wheat, and Shunmay Yeung
Subjects: Severity scores, Prognostic scores, Mortality, qSOFA, MEWS, UVA, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Summary: Background: Clinical severity scores can identify patients at risk of severe disease and death, and improve patient management. The modified early warning score (MEWS), the quick Sequential (Sepsis-Related) Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA), and the Universal Vital Assessment (UVA) were developed as risk-stratification tools, but they have not been fully validated in low-resource settings where fever and infectious diseases are frequent reasons for health care seeking. We assessed the performance of MEWS, qSOFA, and UVA in predicting mortality among febrile patients in the Lao PDR, Malawi, Mozambique, and Zimbabwe. Methods: We prospectively enrolled in- and outpatients aged ≥ 15 years who presented with fever (≥37.5 °C) from June 2018–March 2021. We collected clinical data to calculate each severity score. The primary outcome was mortality 28 days after enrolment. The predictive performance of each score was determined using area under the receiver operating curve (AUC). Findings: A total of 2797 participants were included in this analysis. The median (IQR) age was 32 (24–43) years, 38% were inpatients, and 60% (1684/2797) were female. By the time of follow-up, 7% (185/2797) had died. The AUC (95% CI) for MEWS, qSOFA and UVA were 0.67 (0.63–0.71), 0.68 (0.64–0.72), and 0.82 (0.79–0.85), respectively. The AUC comparison found UVA outperformed both MEWS (p
Published: 2024
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7. Tapias syndrome after cardiac surgery

Author: Reshmi L, Jose, G, Gopan, Poornima, Kasthuri, and Thushara, Madathil
Subjects: Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesiology, RC666-701, Cardiac Output, Low, Humans, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RD78.3-87.3, Syndrome, General Medicine, Cardiac Surgical Procedures, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Published: 2022

8. Vaclav Havel: Ciudadano del mundo

Author: Riveros, Juan Pablo and Morandé L., José Alberto
Published: 1998

9. Política hemisférica de los noventa: elementos del debate estratégico en los Estados Unidos

Author: Morandé L., José A.
Published: 1996

10. Government and Governance of Security. The Politics of Organized Crime in Chile Solar Carlos

Author: Morandé L., José A.
Published: 2018

11. Comparison of Sensor and Sensor -less Vector Control Techniques for Induction Motor in EOT Crane Low Speed Applications

Author: K Seshubabu and C L Jose
Subjects: Engineering, Vector control, Low speed, business.industry, General Engineering, Electrical engineering, business, Induction motor
Published: 2017
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12. Characterisation and use of OSLD for in vivo dosimetry in head and neck intensity-modulated radiation therapy.

Author: Raj, L. Jose Solomon, Pearlin, Benedicta, Peace, B. S. Timothy, Isiah, Rajesh, and Singh, I. Rabi Raja
Subjects: HEAD tumors, IN vivo studies, CALIBRATION, RADIATION doses, DOSIMETERS, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, RADIOTHERAPY, COMPUTED tomography, NECK tumors
Abstract: Aim: This study reveals the characteristic nature and the use of optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters (OSLD) as an in vivo dosimetry tool for head and neck intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Materials and methods: Calibration and characterisation of OSLD such as sensitivity, reproducibility, dose-rate dependence, beam quality dependence, output factor measurement and comparison of two bleaching techniques using halogen and compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) were initially performed. Later, eye dose measurements were performed for head and neck IMRT patients using OSLD and were compared with the corresponding dose calculated by the treatment planning system (TPS). Results: While the sensitivity was found to be within ±5%, the dose-rate dependence and reproducibility were found to be within ±3%. The OSLD showed an under-response of 3% for 15 MV and an increase in response by 5% for Co60 (1·25 MeV) when compared with the 6 MV X-ray beam. Therefore, a separate calibration for different beam energies is required. The percentage deviation of OSLD to that of TPS was found to be within ±2·77%. The OSLD has been successfully used for the in vivo dosimetry of patients who received IMRT. Hence, it is concluded that OSLDs can serve as effective dosimeters for in vivo dosimetry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2021
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13. Caloglossa beccarii (Delesseriaceae, Rhodophyta) from freshwater rivers in Kerala, India, a critical new record

Author: Susan Louiseaux de Goër, John A. West, L. Jose, E. K. Ganesan, and Mitsunobu Kamiya
Subjects: biology, Ecology, Delesseriaceae, Plant Science, Aquatic Science, biology.organism_classification, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Caloglossa beccarii
Published: 2015
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14. Glucose-6-phosphate Dehydrogenase Mutations and Haplotypes in Mexican Mestizos

Author: Arámbula, Eliakym, Aguilar L, José Carlos, and Vaca, Gerardo
Published: 2000
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15. Integración y cooperación regional en América Latina: una relectura a partir de la teoría de la autonomía José Briceño Ruiz Alejandro Simonoff

Author: Morandé L., José A.
Published: 2015

16. RELACIONES INTERNACIONALES ENTRE CHILE Y ESTADOS UNIDOS DURANTE EL PERIODO DE LA RESTAURACION DEMOCRATICA: 1990-1993

Author: Morandé L., José A.
Published: 1995

17. RACIONALIDAD Y RAZONABILIDAD EN EL DERECHO

Author: Bazán L., José Luis and Madrid R., Raúl
Published: 1991

18. The charophyte flora in a Ramsar Mediterranean wetland (Albufera de València Natural Park, Spain) during the period 2007-2010

Author: Rodrigo A. Maria and Alonso-Guillen L. Jose
Subjects: rice fields, Albufera de València Natural Park, anthropogenic disturbances, springs, Characeae, interdunal ponds, species richness
Abstract: The Albufera de València Natural Park (AVNP) is an internationally recognised coastal region. With an area of 21000 ha, it is composed of a large lagoon surrounded by marshlands devoted to rice crops, a web of irrigation channels connecting the rice fields to the lagoon, small freshwater-tobrackish ponds patchily scattered throughout an area of sand dunes separating the lagoon from the sea, a set of springs and newly created artificial wetlands. In the ‘60s and ‘70s, the area was seriously affected by urbanisation, development of agriculture, industry, etc., and many of the indicated water bodies were destroyed. At present, managers have restored some of these aquatic ecosystems. Between 2007 and 2010 we visited 32 sites (six rice fields, 10 ponds, eight springs, four channels and four sites in two artificial wetlands) and studied the richness of charophyte species. In addition to macroalgae, we sampled sediments as well (searching for charophyte oospores and gyrogonites). Fifteen charophyte taxa were identified (Chara aspera, Ch. braunii, Ch. canescens, Ch. globularis, Ch. hispida var. baltica, Ch. hispida var. hispida, Ch. imperfecta, Ch.vulgaris var. contraria, Ch. vulgaris var. inconnexa, Ch. vulgaris var. longibracteata, Ch. vulgaris var. vulgaris, Lamprothamnium papulosum, Nitella hyalina, Tolypella glomerata and T. prolifera), 14 of them as growing specimens. Chara vulgaris was the most abundant taxon. Rice fields were one of the systems with the highest charophyte richness. Approximately 30% of the Iberian charophyte flora (46 taxa) and 58% of that in the province of Valencia (26 taxa) are represented within the AVNP. Eleven taxa of the genus Chara are present on the Iberian Peninsula, and seven of them were found within the limits of the AVNP. A comparison with charophyte richness in other West Mediterranean wetlands is also provided.
Published: 2016
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19. El desarrollo cultural de América Latina

Author: Vera L., José
Published: 1971

20. Concomitant adjuvant chemo-radiation therapy with anthracyclinebased regimens in breast cancer: a single centre experience

Author: Luigi Cataliotti, Vieri Scotti, L. Jose Sanchez, Simonetta Bianchi, Fabiola Paiar, Icro Meattini, Calogero Saieva, Ciro Franzese, Lorenzo Livi, Gabriele Simontacchi, Jacopo Nori, S. Cassani, V. Di Cataldo, Livia Marrazzo, and Gianpaolo Biti
Subjects: Adult, Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Anthracycline, medicine.medical_treatment, Breast Neoplasms, Risk Assessment, Disease-Free Survival, Therapeutic approach, Breast cancer, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, medicine, Humans, Anthracyclines, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Cyclophosphamide, Early Detection of Cancer, Epirubicin, Retrospective Studies, Chemotherapy, business.industry, Retrospective cohort study, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Radiation therapy, Methotrexate, Treatment Outcome, Chemotherapy, Adjuvant, Doxorubicin, Concomitant, Feasibility Studies, Female, Radiotherapy, Adjuvant, Fluorouracil, business, Adjuvant, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: This study was done to evaluate the toxicity related to concurrent radiotherapy and anthracycline (AC)-based chemotherapy in the adjuvant treatment of early breast cancer and to investigate the impact of treatment interruptions and the feasibility of this uncommon therapeutic approach.From September 2002 to December 2007, 60 patients were treated at our Centre. The mean age at presentation was 48.5 (range 38-64) years. All patients underwent conservative surgery, and radiotherapy to the entire breast (mean dose 50 Gy; range 46-52 Gy). AC-based regimens consisted of four cycles of AC (doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide) or four cycles of epirubicin (EPI) followed by four courses of cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil (CMF).Concomitant treatment caused acute skin G3 toxicity in 8.9% of patients and one case of G4 toxicity (1.7%). Concerning cardiac assessment, six of the 56 evaluable patients (10.7%) developed an asymptomatic decline of left ventricular ejection fraction10% and20% of the baseline value. Radiotherapy was temporarily stopped in 21.3% and chemotherapy in 57.1% of patients.In our experience, concomitant chemotherapy did not emerge as a significant factor in radiotherapy interruption. Moreover, no severe cardiac events were recorded.
Published: 2011
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21. An Optimal Hybrid Wind-biomass Gasifier System for Rural Areas

Author: P. Balamurugan, T. L. Jose, and S. Ashok
Subjects: Engineering, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, Environmental engineering, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Biomass, Grid, Sizing, Power (physics), Renewable energy, Fuel Technology, Electricity generation, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Rural electrification, business, Process engineering, Energy source
Abstract: Renewable hybrid energy systems have great potential to provide high quality and more reliable power. This offers the advantage that the strengths of each type of sources can be used to complement one another. Renewable hybrid energy systems are mainly recognized for remote area power applications and are nowadays cost-effective where extension of grid supply is expensive. Biomass gasifier-based power generation has a lot of potential for power generation in India. In this article, optimal sizing and operation of a wind-biomass gasifier-based hybrid energy system is proposed. A case study is done using real-time load demand data collected from a site. Economic analysis of wind-biomass gasifier hybrid energy system is also presented. The cost of energy is found to be Rs 3.499 (US$0.078). The cost of energy of the wind-biomass system is also compared with the wind-diesel system. It is found that economically, the wind-gasifier system is a very good alternative for wind-diesel system.
Published: 2011
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22. Comparison of Stem Diameter Variations in Three Small Ornamental Shrubs under Water Stress

Author: Juan J. Martínez-Sánchez, A Sebastián Bañón, Julián Miralles-Crespo, María Jesús Sánchez-Blanco, G Alejandra Navarro, and A L Jose Franco
Subjects: Mediterranean climate, Horticulture, Callistemon citrinus, Sensitive-plant, Evapotranspiration, Ornamental plant, Biology, biology.organism_classification, Water content, Woody plant, Pittosporum tobira
Abstract: The dendrometer has been proposed as a sensitive plant water indicator based on stem growth. However, studies including dendrometers have been mainly focused on fruit trees and less attention has been paid to ornamental shrubs (small plants). In the study described here, stem dendrometers were used to ascertain whether there is any relationship between water status and dendrometric indices in potted ornamental shrubs (1 to 2 cm diameter). For this purpose, three Mediterranean shrubs (Pittosporum tobira, Callistemon citrinus, and Rhamnus alaternus) were studied under water stress recovery conditions in winter, spring, and early summer. At the end of the experiment, an extreme water stress treatment, which resulted in plant death (August) was also studied. Stem diameter variations [maximum and minimum daily stem values (MXDS and MNDS, respectively), maximum daily shrinkage (MDS), and stem growth rate (SGR)], daily evapotranspiration (daily plant ET), and leaf water potential (Ψleaf) parameters were considered throughout the experiment. A regression analysis between dendrometric indices and daily plant ET showed that MXDS and MNDS were sensitive under water stress recovery conditions, especially in severe environmental conditions (spring and summer). The SGR in C. citrinus, the MDS in P. tobira, and both indices in R. alaternus were seen to be sensitive during the stress to death period. Although more studies are needed, the results confirm that the use of dendrometers in small plants may be useful to provide continuous and automated registers of the plant water status under different substrate water content and climatic conditions. However, the response of these indices may imply moderate water stress.
Published: 2010
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23. Optimal Operation of Biomass/Wind/PV Hybrid Energy System for Rural Areas

Author: T. L. Jose, S. Ashok, and P. Balamurugan
Subjects: Engineering, Wind power, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, Energy management, Photovoltaic system, Electrical engineering, Solar energy, Energy storage, Automotive engineering, Renewable energy, Available energy, business, Energy source
Abstract: In this article, a hybrid energy system consisting of biomass, wind, solar photovoltaic (SPV), and battery is proposed. The sources are operated to deliver energy at optimum efficiency. An optimization model is developed to supply the available energy to the loads according to the priority. It is also proposed to maintain a fair level of energy storage to meet the peak load demand together with biomass, wind, and solar photovoltaic during low or no solar radiation periods or during low wind periodsA case study was completed using load data collected from three villages (300 km south of Chennai, India). Simulations carried out for a one-year period proved the effectiveness of the developed energy management system by satisfying the load demand, nonlinear seasonal variations, and equipment constraints. Also with the proposed energy management, it is found that the load demand is almost satisfied, there is less dumped energy, and the state of charge of the battery is at a reasonably good level. Economic anal...
Published: 2009
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24. Microbiological and biochemical changes in pearl spot (Etroplus suratensis Bloch) stored under modified atmospheres

Author: S. Manju, C.N. Ravisankar, E.R. Sonaji, K.V. Lalitha, T.K.S. Gopal, and L. Jose
Subjects: Food Handling, Nitrogen, Aerobic bacteria, Food spoilage, Colony Count, Microbial, Sensation, chemistry.chemical_element, Bacterial growth, Shelf life, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Microbiology, Animals, Food microbiology, Hydrogen Sulfide, Food science, Bacteria, biology, Fishes, General Medicine, Carbon Dioxide, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, biology.organism_classification, Aerobiosis, Oxygen, chemistry, Modified atmosphere, Etroplus suratensis, Food Microbiology, Biotechnology
Abstract: Aims: This study aimed to determine the effect of packaging [air, modified atmosphere (MA)] on microbial growth, sensory and chemical parameters and also on shelf life of fresh pearl spot (Etroplus suratensis Bloch) and on the selection of microbial association. Methods and Results: Fresh pearl spot (whole, gutted) were packaged under both 100% air and MAs (40%CO2/60% O2, 50%CO2/50%O2, 60% CO2/40%O2, 70% CO2/30% O2 and 40% CO2/30% O2/30% N2) and stored at 0°C. Microbial growth (counts of total aerobic bacteria, H2S–producing bacteria, Lactic acid bacteria, Brochothrix thermosphacta, yeast and mould), chemical spoilage indicators (pH, total volatile basic nitrogen) and sensory characteristics were monitored. Microbial changes in Pearl spot packed under 100% air and 40% CO2/30%O2/30% N2 were similar. The total volatile basic nitrogen values increased, but the values never exceeded the acceptability limit of 25 mg 100 g−1. Conclusions: MA 60% CO2 : 40%O2 was found to be better with a shelf life of 21 days whereas air stored samples had a shelf-life of 12–14 days only. Significance and Impact of the Study: Storage of pearl spot under MAs 60% CO2 : 40%O2 is a promising method to extend shelf-life. Longer shelf life expands the market potential of pearl spot and reduces waste during distribution and retail display.
Published: 2005
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25. Extending the Bejan number to a general form

Author: L Jose Lage and M Mohamrd Awad
Subjects: Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, thermal diffusivity, lcsh:Mechanical engineering and machinery, Schmidt number, Mathematical analysis, Mass diffusivity, Thermodynamics, Thermal diffusivity, Bejan number, Lewis number, Momentum diffusion, Momentum, mass diffusivity, lcsh:TJ1-1570, Diffusion (business), momentum diffusivity, Mathematics
Abstract: A modified form of the Bejan number (Be), originally proposed by Bhattacharjee and Grosshandler for momentum processes, is obtained by replacing the dynamic viscosity (m) appearing in the original proposition with the equivalent product of the fluid density (r) and the momentum diffusivity of the fluid (n). This modified form is not only more akin to the physics it represents but it also has the advantage of being dependent on only one viscosity coefficient. Moreover, this simple modification allows for a much simpler extension of Be to other diffusion processes, such as a heat or a species transfer process, by simply replacing the diffusivity coefficient. Consequently, a general Be representation for any process involving pressure-drop and diffusion becomes possible. It is shown that this general representation yields analogous results for any process satisfying the Reynolds analogy (i.e., when Pr = Sc = 1), in which case the momentum, energy and species concentration representations of Be turn out to be the same.
Published: 2013

26. Developmental studies of an adaptive on-line softsensor for biological wastewater treatments

Author: W. Campbell Robinson, Garcia Sanchez, Hector Budman, and L. Jose
Subjects: Industrial waste water, Chemistry, General Chemical Engineering, Environmental engineering, Phenol degradation
Abstract: Efficient monitoring and automatic control systems for biological wastewater treatment processes, especially those dealing with bioinhibitory pollutants, such as phenol, are urgently required in order to meet increasingly stringent environmental regulations. Practical on-line sensors of variables that describe water quality, such as BOD or individual toxic pollutants such as phenol, are not commercially available; e.g. phenol is generally monitored off-line by spectrofluorometry. Inference software sensors could be an attractive alternative for on-line monitoring of these variables. As a first step towards the development of inferential sensors for biological wastewater treatment processes, we consider in this study, a simplistic version of such a process which consists of a continuous culture of Pseudomonas putida Q5 degrading phenol. In this work, we propose a neural network based inferential sensor for phenol monitoring using on-line biomass concentration measurements by spectrophotometry. The network was built with wavelets as the basis functions and the adaptive algorithm for the weights was based on a Lyapunov stability analysis. Predicted phenol output of the network showed good agreement with experimental data, over fairly broad ranges of inlet phenol concentration and dilution rate step changes. Simulations were conducted to find convergence conditions and to investigate possible sources for errors in phenol estimates. Les systemes de surveillance efficace et de controle automatique des procedes de traitement des eaux usees biologiques, en particulier ceux ayant affaire a des polluants bio-inhibiteurs tels les phenols, deviennent absolument necessaires en vue de satisfaire les reglements environnementaux rigoureux. Des capteurs de variables montes en ligne pratiques decrivant la qualite de l'eau, comme la DBO ou differents polluants toxiques comme le phenol, ne sont pas disponibles dans le commerce, le phenol etant generalement surveille par des systemes non montes en ligne par la spectrofluorometrie. Les capteurs logiciels a inference pourraient etre une solution attrayante pour la surveillance en ligne de ces variables. Comme premiere etape vers la mise au point de capteurs inferentiels pour des procedes de traitement des eaux usees biologiques, nous considerons dans cette etude une version simplifiee d'un tel procede qui consiste en une culture continue de Pseudomonas putida Q5 degradant le phenol. Dans ce travail, nous proposons un capteur inferentiel base sur un reseau neuronal pour la surveillance du phenol utilisant des mesures de concentration de biomasse en ligne par spectrophotometrie. Le reseau a ete bâti avec des ondelettes comme fonctions de base, et l'algorithme adaptatif pour les ponderations a ete base sur une analyse de stabilite de Lyapunov. La reponse en phenol predit par le reseau montre un bon accord avec les donnees experimentales, dans des gammes assez larges de concentration de phenol en entree et de modifications en echelon de la vitesse de dilution. Des simulations ont ete effectuees pour trouver des conditions de convergence et etudier les sources possibles d'erreurs dans les estimations de phenol.
Published: 1999
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27. THE DEVELOPMENT OF TAXATION IN THE BIBLE: IMPROVEMENTS IN COUNTING, MEASUREMENT, AND COMPUTATION IN THE ANCIENT MIDDLE EAST

Author: Charles K. Moore and Manuel L. Jose
Subjects: Middle East, Public economics, Tax deferral, Direct tax, business.industry, Accounting, Economics, Context (language use), business, Indirect tax
Abstract: This paper traces the development of five taxation types in the Bible — income taxes, property taxes, special assessment taxes, poll taxes (all direct taxes), and indirect taxes. The development of these taxes is discussed within the context of Israel's historical development. The impact of counting, measurement, and computation on the development of taxation is also considered.
Published: 1998
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28. Corporate returns and cash conversion cycles

Author: Manuel L. Jose, Carol Lancaster, and Jerry L. Stevens
Subjects: Economics and Econometrics, Financial economics, media_common.quotation_subject, Nonparametric statistics, Regression analysis, Liquidity risk, Cash conversion cycle, Market liquidity, Cash, Economics, Profitability index, health care economics and organizations, Finance, media_common
Abstract: This study examines the relationship between profitability measures and management of ongoing liquidity needs for a large cross-section of firms over a twenty-year period. Long-run equilibrium relationships between the cash conversion cycle, a measure of ongoing liquidity management, and alternative measures of profitability are tested using both nonparametric and multiple regression analysis. Industry and size differences are controlled. While there are exceptions to the general finding for specific firms and for specific industries, the paper offers strong evidence that aggressive working-capital policies enhance profitability.
Published: 1996
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29. The Effects of Dividend Payout, Stability, and Smoothing on Firm Value

Author: Manuel L. Jose and Jerry L. Stevens
Subjects: 050208 finance, Financial economics, 05 social sciences, Economics, Econometrics and Finance (miscellaneous), Enterprise value, Stability (learning theory), Dividend payout ratio, Monetary economics, Market value added, Accounting, 0502 economics and business, Economics, 050207 economics, Finance, Smoothing
Published: 1992
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30. O-077: Failure in osteoporosis management after hip fracture

Author: B. Bonne, L. Jose, Sabine Drevet, Catherine Bioteau, Gaëtan Gavazzi, and Jérôme Tonetti
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Hip fracture, business.industry, Osteoporosis, Physical therapy, medicine, Geriatrics and Gerontology, medicine.disease, business, Gerontology
Published: 2015
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31. The new HLA-Cw0442 allele possibly generated by a recombination event involving Cw04010101 and Cw*1801

Author: L. Jose Vicario, Antonio Balas, and Félix García-Sánchez
Subjects: Molecular Sequence Data, Immunology, HLA-C Antigens, Human leukocyte antigen, Biology, Biochemistry, White People, Genetics, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Base sequence, Typing, Allele, Alleles, Recombination, Genetic, Antigen Presentation, Base Sequence, Human leukocyte antigen C, Amino acid substitution, Exons, General Medicine, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Amino Acid Substitution, Spain, Recombination
Abstract: A new human leukocyte antigen-C (HLA-C) allele Cw*0442 was identified in a Spanish Caucasian patient by sequencing-based typing (SBT). HLA-Cw*0442 differs from Cw*04010101 by three amino acid replacements at positions 9 (S>D), 11 (S>A), and 14 (W>R).
Published: 2010
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32. A clinico-pathological study of carcinoma stomach

Author: L, Jose, S, Nalappat, and V P, Sasidharan
Subjects: Adult, Aged, 80 and over, Male, Risk Factors, Stomach Neoplasms, Humans, India, Female, Middle Aged, ABO Blood-Group System, Aged, Diet
Abstract: North Kerala is a high risk area for carcinoma stomach. Therefore, 'intestinal type' carcinoma of Lauren is more prevalent here and the disease occur even in people below the age of 40. An attempt is made to analyse various risk factors in 70 patients who had undergone gastrectomy for carcinoma stomach in Medical College Hospital, Calicut. The population study revealed no relationship between the disease and the various religious communities. Diet is found to be the most important potential environmental influence. Even though both males and females share the same type of diet, males are found to be more affected by the disease. The high frequency of female population in North Kerala with a low frequency of carcinoma stomach in them, suggests the possible role of smoking and alcohol abuse in males. The blood group profile of healthy population in North Kerala and that of the patients show that people with blood group A have a differential susceptability to gastric carcinoma. Age and chewing of tobacco were the other factors involved.
Published: 1995

33. Optimal scheduling and operation of hybrid biomass/wind/PV energy system for rural areas

Author: P. Balamurugan, T. L. Jose, and S. Ashok
Subjects: Engineering, Wind power, business.industry, Energy management, Geography, Planning and Development, Photovoltaic system, Electrical engineering, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Solar energy, Automotive engineering, Energy storage, Renewable energy, Fuel Technology, Available energy, business, Solar power
Abstract: In this paper, a hybrid energy system consisting of biomass, wind, solar photovoltaic (SPV) and battery, is proposed. The sources are operated to deliver energy at optimum efficiency. An optimisation model is developed to supply the available energy to the loads according to the priority. It is also proposed to maintain a fair level of energy storage to meet the peak load demand together with biomass, wind and SPV, during low or no solar radiation periods or during low wind periods. A case study is done using load data collected from three villages (300 km south of Chennai, India). Simulations carried out for one-year period proved the effectiveness of the developed energy management system by satisfying the load demand, non-linear seasonal variations and equipment constraints. Also, with the proposed energy management, it is found that most of the load demand is satisfied, the dumped energy is low and the state of charge of the battery is reasonably in good level. Economic analysis is also carried out and the cost of energy is found to be Rs. 4.20 (US$ 0.1095) per kWh.
Published: 2009
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34. Invasive fungal rhinitis with adnexal involvement caused by in a cat from a non-enzootic location

Author: Catherine R Grinstead, Andrew S Hanzlicek, Heather W Largura, and L Joseph Wheat
Subjects: Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100
Abstract: Case summary This report describes a cat with a rare form of histoplasmosis: invasive rhinitis with adnexal involvement, mimicking disease more commonly caused by cryptococcosis or aspergillosis. This case is especially noteworthy as it was from an area where histoplasmosis is not enzootic. Relevance and novel information Invasive fungal rhinitis causes significant morbidity in cats. Diagnostic investigation of more common pathogens includes detection of fungal antigen ( Cryptococcus ) or antifungal antibodies ( Aspergillus ). This case demonstrates that histoplasmosis can present as chronic nasal disease in cats. Histoplasma antigen testing provides a non-invasive diagnostic option. Moreover, this case serves as a reminder that histoplasmosis can affect cats anywhere, even in non-enzootic areas.
Published: 2021
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35. Febrile Illness Evaluation in a Broad Range of Endemicities (FIEBRE): protocol for a multisite prospective observational study of the causes of fever in Africa and Asia

Author: David Mabey, Quique Bassat, David G Lalloo, David Bell, Stephen R Graves, Katharina Kranzer, John Bradley, Christopher M Parry, Mayfong Mayxay, Yoel Lubell, Paul N Newton, Heidi Hopkins, Chrissy H Roberts, Rashida A Ferrand, Felicity C Fitzgerald, Jayne Jones, Clare IR Chandler, John A Crump, Nicholas A Feasey, Benjamin Amos, Stuart D Blacksell, Vilada Chansamouth, Mabvuto Chimenya, Scott B Craig, David AB Dance, Ethel Dauya, Xavier de Lamballerie, Edward W Green, Kate A Haigh, Becca L Handley, Martin L Hibberd, Coll D Hutchison, Kevin C Kain, Pankaj Lal, Eleanor MacPherson, Tegwen Marlais, Florian P Maurer, Ioana D Olaru, John Stenos, Nelson Tembe, James E Ussher, Marta Valente, Pio Vitorino, Marie A Voice, L Joseph Wheat, Audrey Dubot-Pérès, Michelle M Durkin, and Colin Fink
Subjects: Medicine
Abstract: Introduction Fever commonly leads to healthcare seeking and hospital admission in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. There is only limited guidance for clinicians managing non-malarial fevers, which often results in inappropriate treatment for patients. Furthermore, there is little evidence for estimates of disease burden, or to guide empirical therapy, control measures, resource allocation, prioritisation of clinical diagnostics or antimicrobial stewardship. The Febrile Illness Evaluation in a Broad Range of Endemicities (FIEBRE) study seeks to address these information gaps.Methods and analysis FIEBRE investigates febrile illness in paediatric and adult outpatients and inpatients using standardised clinical, laboratory and social science protocols over a minimum 12-month period at five sites in sub-Saharan Africa and Southeastern and Southern Asia. Patients presenting with fever are enrolled and provide clinical data, pharyngeal swabs and a venous blood sample; selected participants also provide a urine sample. Laboratory assessments target infections that are treatable and/or preventable. Selected point-of-care tests, as well as blood and urine cultures and antimicrobial susceptibility testing, are performed on site. On day 28, patients provide a second venous blood sample for serology and information on clinical outcome. Further diagnostic assays are performed at international reference laboratories. Blood and pharyngeal samples from matched community controls enable calculation of AFs, and surveys of treatment seeking allow estimation of the incidence of common infections. Additional assays detect markers that may differentiate bacterial from non-bacterial causes of illness and/or prognosticate illness severity. Social science research on antimicrobial use will inform future recommendations for fever case management. Residual samples from participants are stored for future use.Ethics and dissemination Ethics approval was obtained from all relevant institutional and national committees; written informed consent is obtained from all participants or parents/guardians. Final results will be shared with participating communities, and in open-access journals and other scientific fora. Study documents are available online (https://doi.org/10.17037/PUBS.04652739).
Published: 2020
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36. HEPARES RE-EXPOSURE AT HEART TRANSPLANTATION OF LVAD RECIPIENTS WITH HEPARIN-ASSOCIATED ANTI-PLATELET ANTIBODIES

Author: Nicholas G. Smedira, M Navia, Patrick M. McCarthy, L Jose, G. Massad, Rita L. Vargo, K. Marchant, and M. Goormastic
Subjects: Heart transplantation, biology, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Biomedical Engineering, Biophysics, Bioengineering, General Medicine, Heparin, Anti platelet, Biomaterials, Immunology, biology.protein, Medicine, Antibody, business, medicine.drug
Published: 1996
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37. Genome-wide DNA methylation signatures to predict pathologic complete response from combined neoadjuvant chemotherapy with bevacizumab in breast cancer.

Author: Ping-Ching Hsu, Susan A Kadlubar, Eric R Siegel, Lora J Rogers, Valentina K Todorova, L Joseph Su, and Issam Makhoul
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: TRIAL REGISTRATION:ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00203502.
Published: 2020
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38. Mobile Mammography Screening as an Opportunity to Increase Access of Rural Women to Breast Cancer Research Studies

Author: Pearl A McElfish, L Joseph Su, Jeanette Y Lee, Gail Runnells, Ronda Henry-Tillman, and Susan A Kadlubar
Subjects: Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract: Objectives: Rural women are underrepresented in cancer research. We hypothesized that providing access to a research study to rural, medically underserved women who were receiving their breast cancer screening using a mobile mammography unit would increase the representation of rural women in a cancer cohort study. Design: This study is a cross-sectional study using a cohort of women who have been recruited to a breast cancer study in Arkansas. Setting: Recruiters accompanied a mobile mammography unit, the MammoVan, to implement a novel method for reaching and recruiting underrepresented rural Arkansas women into the study. Participants include 5850 women recruited from 2010 through 2012 as part of the Arkansas Rural Community Health (ARCH) study. Results: Participants recruited during their mammography screening on the MammoVan tended to be more rural, less educated, and more likely to be non-Hispanic than those recruited in other venues. A significant difference was not noted for race or age. Conclusion: Collaboration with the MammoVan greatly aided the recruitment of rural participants. These strategies can facilitate the representation of this historically underserved and understudied rural population in future research studies.
Published: 2019
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39. Characterization of an Uncinocarpus reesii-expressed recombinant tube precipitin antigen of Coccidioides posadasii for serodiagnosis.

Author: Jieh-Juen Yu, Eric Holbrook, Yu-Rou Liao, Robert Zarnowski, David R Andes, L Joseph Wheat, Joshua Malo, and Chiung-Yu Hung
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Early and accurate diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis, also known as Valley fever, is critical for appropriate disease treatment and management. Current serodiagnosis is based on the detection of patient serum antibodies that react with tube precipitin (TP) and complement fixation (CF) antigens of Coccidioides. IgM is the first class of antibodies produced by hosts in response to coccidioidal insults. The highly glycosylated β-glucosidase 2 (BGL2) is a major active component of the TP antigen that stimulates IgM antibody responses during early Coccidioides infection. The predominant IgM epitope on BGL2 is a unique 3-O-methyl-mannose moiety that is not produced by commonly used protein expression systems. We genetically engineered and expressed a recombinant BGL2 (rBGL2ur), derived from Coccidioides, in non-pathogenic Uncinocarpus reesii, a fungus phylogenetically related to the Coccidioides pathogen. The rBGL2ur protein was purified from the culture medium of transformed U. reesii by nickel affinity chromatography, and the presence of 3-O-methyl mannose was demonstrated by gas chromatography. Seroreactivity of the purified rBGL2ur protein was tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays using sera from 90 patients with coccidioidomycosis and 134 control individuals. The sensitivity and specificity of the assay with rBGL2ur were 78.8% and 87.3%, respectively. These results were comparable to those obtained using a proprietary MiraVista Diagnostic (MVD) IgM (63.3% sensitivity; 96.3% specificity), but significantly better than the ID-TP assay using non-concentrated patient sera (33.3% sensitivity; 100% specificity). Expression of rBGL2ur in U. reesii retains its antigenicity for coccidioidomycosis serodiagnosis and greatly reduces biosafety concerns for antigen production, as Coccidioides spp. are biological safety level 3 agents.
Published: 2019
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40. Applying circuit theory and landscape linkage maps to reintroduction planning for California Condors.

Author: Jesse D'Elia, Joseph Brandt, L Joseph Burnett, Susan M Haig, Jeff Hollenbeck, Steve Kirkland, Bruce G Marcot, Arianna Punzalan, Christopher J West, Tiana Williams-Claussen, Rachel Wolstenholme, and Rich Young
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Conservation practitioners are increasingly looking to species translocations as a tool to recover imperiled taxa. Quantitative predictions of where animals are likely to move when released into new areas would allow managers to better address the social, institutional, and ecological dimensions of conservation translocations. Using >5 million California condor (Gymnogyps californianus) occurrence locations from 75 individuals, we developed and tested circuit-based models to predict condor movement away from release sites. We found that circuit-based models of electrical current were well calibrated to the distribution of condor movement data in southern and central California (continuous Boyce Index = 0.86 and 0.98, respectively). Model calibration was improved in southern California when additional nodes were added to the circuit to account for nesting and feeding areas, where condor movement densities were higher (continuous Boyce Index = 0.95). Circuit-based projections of electrical current around a proposed release site in northern California comported with the condor's historical distribution and revealed that, initially, condor movements would likely be most concentrated in northwestern California and southwest Oregon. Landscape linkage maps, which incorporate information on landscape resistance, complement circuit-based models and aid in the identification of specific avenues for population connectivity or areas where movement between populations may be constrained. We found landscape linkages in the Coast Range and the Sierra Nevada provided the most connectivity to a proposed reintroduction site in northern California. Our methods are applicable to conservation translocations for other species and are flexible, allowing researchers to develop multiple competing hypotheses when there are uncertainties about landscape or social attractants, or uncertainties in the landscape conductance surface.
Published: 2019
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41. Efecto de la ventilación por presión positiva sobre los parámetros productivos de pollo de engorda, durante siete semanas en casetas de ambiente natural.

Author: Marrufo Villa, Daniel, Quintana L., Jose A., and CastaÑeda S., Ma. Pilar
Published: 1999

42. Efecto de la altura de los comederos sobre el largo del tarso, pigmentación y parámetros productivos en pollo de engorda.

Author: Quintana L., Jose A., Lopez C., Carlos, Castañeda S., Ma. Pilar, Avila G., Ernesto, Aguilera G., Hector, Quiroz P., Manuel, Cazares H., Rafael, and Ruiz H., Rutilio
Published: 1998

43. NMR metabolomics of cerebrospinal fluid differentiates inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system.

Author: Caitlin D French, Rodney E Willoughby, Amy Pan, Susan J Wong, John F Foley, L Joseph Wheat, Josefina Fernandez, Rafael Encarnacion, Joanne M Ondrush, Naaz Fatteh, Andres Paez, Dan David, Waleed Javaid, Ioana G Amzuta, Anne M Neilan, Gregory K Robbins, Andrew M Brunner, William T Hu, Darya O Mishchuk, and Carolyn M Slupsky
Subjects: Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, RC955-962, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract: BACKGROUND:Myriad infectious and noninfectious causes of encephalomyelitis (EM) have similar clinical manifestations, presenting serious challenges to diagnosis and treatment. Metabolomics of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was explored as a method of differentiating among neurological diseases causing EM using a single CSF sample. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:1H NMR metabolomics was applied to CSF samples from 27 patients with a laboratory-confirmed disease, including Lyme disease or West Nile Virus meningoencephalitis, multiple sclerosis, rabies, or Histoplasma meningitis, and 25 controls. Cluster analyses distinguished samples by infection status and moderately by pathogen, with shared and differentiating metabolite patterns observed among diseases. CART analysis predicted infection status with 100% sensitivity and 93% specificity. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:These preliminary results suggest the potential utility of CSF metabolomics as a rapid screening test to enhance diagnostic accuracies and improve patient outcomes.
Published: 2018
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44. AN ALTERNATIVE APPROACH TO COMPUTING THE AFTER-TAX COST OF DEBT: A NOTE

Author: Manuel L. Jose and William T. Moore
Subjects: Economics and Econometrics, Weighted average cost of capital, media_common.quotation_subject, General Engineering, Education, Tax rate, Microeconomics, Capital budgeting, Bond valuation, Cost of capital, Debt, Econometrics, Economics, Cash flow, Perpetual bond, media_common
Abstract: Capital budgeting techniques that employ discounted cash flows rely upon the correct measurement of an opportunity cost of capital, which involves computation of costs of debt and equity. Many popular textbooks demonstrate a method for computing the relevant (after-tax) cost of debt that is not generally correct. This popular method involves solving a bond pricing equation for an implied before-tax cost of debt, then converting to an after-tax cost simply by multiplying the result by one minus the tax rate. The method often given is valid only when the debt is (1) a perpetual bond, or (2) issued at par (no issue discount or premium involved). In this paper the authors provide examples illustrating the errors associated with the popular method, and offer formal proofs as to the conditions under which this method is correct. The correct method, explained and illustrated by the authors, is as simple to use as the popular method' and offers a solution which is correct under general conditions.
Published: 1984
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45. Linear Var Flow Methods for Security Assessment

Author: T. L. Jose and K. R. Padiyar
Subjects: Engineering, business.industry, Computation, Security assessment, AC power, Set (abstract data type), Flow (mathematics), Electronic engineering, Constant current, Applied mathematics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Constant impedance, business, Voltage
Abstract: In this paper, an investigation of various approximations for the solution of reactive power flow equations, suitable for security assessment, is presented. When the loads are assumed to be a combination of constant current and constant impedance types, the power flow equations can be decoupled exactly. The reactive power flow equations become linear with parameters which are functions of phase angles. Hence, once the phase angles are known, voltage magnitudes can be computed exactly without iterations But approximations are required to simplify computations for on-line application. Various approximations and the factors that influence the accuracy of the solutions are investigated.lt is shown that iterative linear power flow (ILPF) and fast decoupled load flow (FDLF) methods (for voltage computations) can be derived from one set of approximations. Case studies of a 30 bus system is presented to compare the accuracy of various approximations. The results indicate that a major factor influencing t...
Published: 1986
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46. Capital Market Valuation of Dividend Policy

Author: Manuel L. Jose and Jerry L. Stevens
Subjects: Cost of capital, Financial economics, Accounting, Economic capital, Economics, Business, Management and Accounting (miscellaneous), Dividend, Capital intensity, Dividend policy, Fixed capital, Return on capital, Finance, Valuation (finance)
Published: 1989
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47. PRODUCT MARKET STRUCTURE, CAPITAL INTENSITY, AND SYSTEMATIC RISK: EMPIRICAL RESULTS FROM THE THEORY OF THE FIRM

Author: Jerry L. Stevens and Manuel L. Jose
Subjects: Structure (mathematical logic), Microeconomics, Product market, Accounting, Economic capital, Systematic risk, Theory of the firm, Empirical modelling, Economics, Capital intensity, Finance
Abstract: Product market concepts from industrial organization economics are integrated with financial valuation models of the firm to investigate relationships among systematic risk, capital intensity, and product market power. The theory of the firm facing uncertain input and output prices is extended to provide empirical models. Empirical results coincide with hypotheses derived from the theoretical model and pose questions about traditional single period hypotheses found in the finance literature.
Published: 1987
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48. Ageism

Author: Nancy L. Jose and Glenn E. Richardson
Subjects: Philosophy, Text mining, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, business, Psychology, Data science, Education
Published: 1980
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49. Higher dose corticosteroids in hospitalised COVID-19 patients requiring ventilatory support (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trialResearch in context

Author: O. Abani, A. Abbas, F. Abbas, J. Abbas, K. Abbas, M. Abbas, S. Abbasi, H. Abbass, A. Abbott, N. Abdallah, A. Abdelaziz, M. Abdelfattah, B. Abdelqader, A. Abdul, B. Abdul, S. Abdul, A. Abdul Rasheed, A. Abdulakeem, R. Abdul-Kadir, A. Abdullah, A. Abdulmumeen, R. Abdul-Raheem, N. Abdulshukkoor, K. Abdusamad, Y. Abed El Khaleq, M. Abedalla, A. Abeer Ul Amna, L. Abel, K. Abernethy, M. Abeywickrema, C. Abhinaya, A. Abidin, A. Aboaba, A. Aboagye-Odei, C. Aboah, H. Aboelela, H. Abo-Leyah, K. Abouelela, A. Abou-Haggar, M. Abouibrahim, A. Abousamra, M. Abouzaid, M. Abraham, T. Abraham, A. Abraheem, J. Abrams, R. Abrams, H.J. Abu, A. Abu-Arafeh, S.M. Abubacker, A. Abung, Y. Abusamra, Y. Aceampong, A. Achara, D. Acharya, F. Acheampong, P. Acheampong, S. Acheampong, J. Acheson, S. Achieng, A. Acosta, R. Acquah, C. Acton, J. Adabie-Ankrah, P. Adair, A.S. Adam, F. Adam, M. Adam, H. Adamali, M. Adamczyk, C. Adams, D. Adams, K. Adams, L. Adams, N. Adams, R. Adams, T. Adams, L. Adamu-Ikeme, K. Adatia, K. Adcock, L. Addai-Boampong, A. Addo, O. Adeagbo, A. Adebiyi, O. Adedeji, Y. Adegeye, K. Adegoke, V. Adell, S. Adenwalla, F.W. Adeoye, O.A. Adesemoye, E.O. Adewunmi, A. Adeyanju, J. Adeyemi, T. Adeyemo, B. Adhikari, S.A. Adhikari, R. Adhikary, A. Aditya, P. Adjepong, G. Adkins, A. Adnan, M. Adriaanse, J. Aeron-Thomas, D. Affleck, C. Afnan, M. Afridi, P. Afrim, F.A. Afriyie, Z.A. Aftab, A. Afum-Adjei Awuah, M. Agarwal, P.N. Agasiya, R. Agbeko, C. Agbo, S. Aggarwal, A. Aghababaie, L. Aguilar Jimenez, J.A. Agyekum, K. Agyen, E.K. Ahadome, S. Ahamed Sadiq, M.H. Ahammed Nazeer, M. Ahmad, S. Ahmad, A. Ahmed, B.A.R. Ahmed, B. Ahmed, F. Ahmed, H. Ahmed, I. Ahmed, K. Ahmed, L. Ahmed, M. Ahmed, M.C. Ahmed, M.S. Ahmed, N. Ahmed, O. Ahmed, R.A. Ahmed, R. Ahmed, S. Ahmed, S.G. Ahmed, S.H. Ahmed, R. Ahmed Ali, B. Ahmed Mohamud, S. Ahmer, A. Ahonia, C. Aidoo, C. Aiken, D. Ail, M. Ainsworth, M. Aissa, L. Aitken, B. Ajay, A. Ajibode, A. Ajmi, N. Akhtar, S. Akili, B. Akinbiyi, O. Akindolie, Y. Akinfenwa, O. Akinkugbe, I. Akinpelu, M. Akram, O. Aktinade, U. Akudi, A.S.A.R. Al Aaraj, A. Al Balushi, M. Al Dakhola, A. Al Swaifi, E. Al-Abadi, A. Alabi, N. Aladangady, M. Alafifi, A. Alam, S. Alam, A. Al-Asadi, K. Alatzoglou, P. Albert, A. Albertus, L. Albon, A. Alcala, G. Alcorn, S. Alcorn, A. Aldana, D. Alderdice, A. Aldesouki, R. Aldouri, J. Aldridge, N. Aldridge, R. Ale, R.M. Ale, A. Alegria, A. Alexander, C. Alexander, J. Alexander, P.D.G. Alexander, J. Al-fori, L. Alghazawi, O. Alhabsha, B. Al-Hakim, R. Alhameed, M. Al-Hayali, S. Al-Hity, A. Ali, F.R. Ali, J. Ali, M. Ali, M.S. Ali, N. Ali, O. Ali, R. Ali, S. Ali, E. Aliberti, J. Alin, A. Alina, A. Alipustain, B. Alisjahbana, F. Aliyuda, K. Alizadeh, M. Al-Jibury, S. Al-Juboori, M. Al-Khalil, A. Alkhudhayri, M. Alkhusheh, F. Allan, N. Allan, A. Allanson, R. Allcock, E. Allen, J. Allen, K. Allen, L. Allen, P. Allen, R. Allen, S. Allen, T. Allen, A. Alli, K. Allison, B. Allman, H.K. Allsop, L. Allsop, D. Allsup, A.F.T. Almahroos, H. Al-Moasseb, M. Al-Obaidi, L. Alomari, A. Al-Rabahi, B. Al-Ramadhani, Z. Al-Saadi, R. Al-Sammarraie, I. Alshaer, R. Al-Shahi Salman, W. Al-Shamkhani, F. Alsheikh, B. Al-Sheklly, S. Altaf, A. Alty, M. Alvarez, M. Alvarez Corral, E. Alveyn, M. Alzetani, S. Amamou, N. Amar, S. Ambalavanan, R. Ambrogetti, C. Ambrose, A. Ameen, A. Amelia Ganefianty, K. Ames, M.R. Amezaga, A. Amin, K. Amin, S. Amin, T. Amin, B. Amit, A. Amjad, N. Amjad, J. Amoah-Dankwa, A. Amoako-Adusei, V. Amosun, M. Amsal, K. Amsha, J. Amuasi, N. Amutio Martin, P. Amy, A. Anada, A. Anand, S. Anandappa, S.D. Anantapatnaikuni, N.K.N. Andari, E. Anderson, J. Anderson, L. Anderson, M. Anderson, N. Anderson, R. Anderson, S. Anderson, W. Anderson, P. Andreou, A. Andrews, J. Andrews, K. Aneke, A. Ang, W.W. Ang, T. Angel, A. Angela, P. Angelini, L. Anguvaa, O. Anichtchik, M. Anim-Somuah, K. Aniruddhan, J. Annett, L. Anning, M. Ansah, P.J. Anstey, R. Anstey, A. Anthony, A. Anthony-Pillai, P. Antill, Z. Antonina, V. Anu, M. Anwar, S. Anwar, E. Apetri, A. Apostolopoulos, S. Appleby, D. Appleyard, M.F. Aquino, B. Araba, S. Aransiola, M. Araujo, A. Archer, D. Archer, S. Archer, D. Arcoria, C. Ardley, G. Arhin-Sam, A.-M. Arias, O. Aribike, R. Arimoto, N.L.P.E. Arisanti, C. Arkley, C. Armah, I. Armata, J. Armistead, A. Armitage, C. Armstrong, M. Armstrong, S. Armstrong, W. Armstrong, P. Armtrong, H. Arndt, C. Arnison-Newgass, D. Arnold, R. Arnold, A. Arnott, D. Arora, K. Arora, P. Arora, R. Arora, A. Arter, A. Arthur, N.M. Artini, A. Arumaithurai, A. Arya, R. Arya, D. Aryal, D. Asandei, G.A. Asare, A. Asghar, M. Asghar, A. Ashab, C. Ashbrook-Raby, H. Ashby, J. Ashcroft, S. Ashcroft, G. Asher, Z. Ashfak, A. Ashfaq, H.A. Asiamah, A. Ashish, D. Ashley, S. Ashman-Flavell, S. Ashok, A.-E.-A. Ashour, M.Z. Ashraf, S. Ashraf, M.B. Ashraq, D. Ashton, S. Ashton, A. Ashworth, F.J. Ashworth, R. Ashworth, A. Aslam, I. Aslam, S. Aslam, L. Aslett, H. Asogan, A. Asrar, O. Assaf, R. Astin-Chamberlain, Y.E. Atabudzi, P. Athavale, D. Athorne, B. Atkins, C. Atkins, S. Atkins, J. Atkinson, V. Atkinson, A. Atomode, B. Atraskiewicz, A.A. Attia, E. Attubato, M. Attwood, P. Aubrey, Z. Auer, A. Aujayeb, A.T. Aung, H. Aung, H.W.W. Aung, K.K. Aung, K.T. Aung, N. Aung, Y. Aung, Z.M. Aung, E. Austin, K. Austin, A. Auwal, M. Avari, M. Avery, N. Aveyard, J. Avis, G. Aviss, C. Avram, P. Avram, A. Awadelkareem, G. Awadzi, M. Awaly, A. Awan, S. Awisi, A. Aya, E. Ayaz, J.M. Ayerh, A. Ayers, J. Azam, A. Azeem, M. Azharuddin, A. Aziz, G. Aziz, I. Aziz, N. Aziz, A. Azkoul, A. Azman Shah, G. Azzopardi, H. Azzoug, F. Babatunde, M. Babi, B. Babiker, G. Babington, M. Babirecki, M. Babores, A.O. Babs-Osibodu, T. Bac, S. Bacciarelli, R. Bachar, M.-E. Bachour, A. Bachti, G. Bacon, J. Bacon, B. Badal, A. Badat, M. Bader, G.R. Badhan, S. Badhrinarayanan, J.P. Bae, A. Baggaley, A. Baggott, G. Bagley, D. Bagmane, L. Bagshaw, K. Bahadori, Y. Bahurupi, A. Bailey, J. Bailey, K. Bailey, L. Bailey, M.A. Bailey, M. 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Tyler, J. Tyler, A. Tyzack, P. Tzavaras, I. Tzinieris, A.W. Uddin, M.S. Uddin, R. Uddin, J. Ugoji, E. Ukaegbu, M. Ul Haq, W. Ul Hassan, Z. Ul-Haq, S. Ullah, J. Um, A. Umaipalan, A. Umate, J. Umeadi, A. Umeh, W. Umeojiako, B. Ummat, E. Underhill, C. Underwood, J. Underwood, A. Unsworth, V. Uppal, V.S. Uppal, G. Upson, M. Ur Rasool, A. Uriel, S. Urruela, H. Uru, J. Usher, M. Usher, R. Usher, A. Usher-Rea, A. Ustianowski, E. Usuf, F. Utomo, H. Uzu, L.C. Vaccari, U. Vaghela, A. Vaidya, D. Vail, B. Valecka, J. Valentine, B. Valeria, P. Vallabhaneni, T. Valleri, N. Vallotton, L. Vamplew, E. Vamvakiti, J. Vamvakopoulos, C.T.C. Van, S. Van Blydenstein, L. van Bruggen, M. van de Venne, A. van der Meer, N. van der Stelt, R. Van Doorn, L. van Koutrik, A. Van Loggerenberg, J. Vance-Daniel, R. Vancheeswaran, S.I. Vandeyoon, P. Vankayalapati, P. Vanmali, C. Vansomeren, W. Van't Hoff, S. Vara, S.J. Vardy, A. Varghese, M. Varghese, W. Varney, G. Varnier, A.-N. Varouxaki, R. Varquez, V. Vasadi, O. Vass, K. Vassell, V. Vasu, V. Vasudevan, M. Vatish, S. Vaughan, H. Vayalaman, D. Vayapooree, C. Vaz, N. Veale, S. Veerasamy, S. Velankar, L. Velauthar, N. Veli, N. Vella, A. Velugupati, A. Velusamy, I. Venables, M. Venditti, R. Venkataramakrishnan, R. Venn, M. Venter, L. Ventilacion, J. Vere, M. Veres, S. Vergnano, W. Verling, A. Verma, R. Vernall, B. Vernon, M. Vertue, L. Verueco, J. Verula, A. Veterini, N. Vethanayagam, S. Vettikumaran, L. Veys, C. Vickers, S. Victor, S. Victoria, C. Vidaillic, C.P. Vidaillac, J. Vidler, B. Vijayakumar, V.W. Vijayaraghavan Nalini, B. Vilcinskaite, A. Vileito, N. Vilimiene, L. Vinall, S. Vinay, L. Vinayakarao, O. Vincent, R. Vincent, N.Q. Vinh, P. Virdee, E. Virgilio, A.M. Virk, E. Visentin, M. Vitaglione, K. Vithian, S. Vittoria, S. Vivekananthan, E. Vlad, B. Vlies, L. von Oven, C. Vooght, K.T. Vu Thai, K. Vutipongsatorn, A. Vuylsteke, E. Vyras, R. Wach, B. Wadams, S. Wadd, N. Waddington, P. Wade, J. Wadsley, K. Wadsworth, S.E.I. Wafa, D. Wagstaff, L. Wagstaff, D. Wahab, Z. Wahbi, A. Waheed Adigun, S. Waidyanatha, A. Waite, R. Wake, A. Wakefield, W. Wakeford, F. Wakinshaw, E. Waldeck, A. Walden, L. Walding, A. Waldron, J. Waldron, E. Wales, B. Wali, D. Walker, G. Walker, H. Walker, I. Walker, K. Walker, L. Walker, O. Walker, R. Walker, S. Walker, G. Wallace, R. Wallbutton, J. Wallen, K. Wallendszus, A. Waller, R. Waller, G. Wallis, L. Wallis, M. Wallis, E. Walmsley, D. Walsh, E. Walsh, L. Walsh, D. Walstow, D. Walter, A. Walters, H. Walters, J. Walters, E. Walton, L. Walton, M. Walton, O. Walton, S. Walton, M. Wan, J. Wanda, M. Wands, R. Wane, F. Wang, N. Wang, R. Wang, S. Wang, D. Warbrick, S. Warburton, C. Ward, D. Ward, E. Ward, H. Ward, J. Ward, L. Ward, N. Ward, R. Ward, T. Ward, S.A. Warden, G. Wardere, S. Wardle, H. Wardy, G. Waring, S. Waring, J. Warmington, B. Warner, C. Warner, L. Warnock, S. Warran, J. Warren, L. Warren, R. Warren, Y. Warren, D. Warrender, H. Warren-Miell, A. Warris, G. Warwick, H. Wassall, S. Wasserman, E. Wasson, H.J. Watchorn, H. Waterfall, A. Waters, D. Waters, M. Waterstone, A. Watkin, C. Watkins, E. Watkins, K. Watkins, L. Watkins, A. Watson, A.J.R. Watson, E. Watson, F. Watson, J.G.R. Watson, L. Watson, P. Watson, R. Watson, K. Watson, M. Watters, D. Watterson, K. Wattimena, D. Watts, J. Watts, M. Watts, V. Waugh, E. Wayman, M. Wayman, A. Wazir, M. Weatherhead, N. Weatherly, C. Webb, H. Webb, K. Webb, S. Webb, C. Websdale, D. Webster, I. Webster, J. Webster, T. Webster, J. Wedlin, L. Wee, R. Weerakoon, T. Weerasinghe, J. Weeratunga, M. Weetman, S. Wei, I. Weichert, E. Welch, H. Welch, J. Welch, L. Welch, S. Welch, B. Welham, S. Weller, L. Wellings, B. Wells, S. Wellstead, B. Welsh, R. Welsh, I. Welters, R. Welton, V. Wenn, L. Wentworth, J. Wesonga, K. Wesseldine, J. West, M. West, R. West, S. West, L. Western, R. Westhead, H. Weston, A. Westwood, K. Westwood, S. Westwood, B. Wetherill, S. Wheaver, H. Wheeler, B. Whelan, M. Whelband, A. Whileman, A. Whitcher, A. White, B. White, C. White, D. White, J. White, K. White, M. White, N. White, S. White, T. White, C. Whitehead, K. Whitehorn, A. Whitehouse, C. Whitehouse, T. Whitehouse, J. Whiteley, L. Whiteley, S. Whiteley, R. Whitham, G. Whitlingum, D. Whitmore, E. Whittaker, L. Whittam, A. Whittington, H. Whittle, R. Whittle, E. Wiafe, L. Wiblin, O. Wickens, J. Widdrington, J. Wieboldt, H. Wieringa, C. Wiesender, L. Wiffen, A. Wight, A. Wignall, C. Wignall, A. Wilce, D. Wilcock, E. Wilcock, L. Wilcox, B. Wild, L. Wild, S. Wild, M. Wilde, L. Wilding, P. Wilding, T. Wildsmith, J. Wileman, J. Wiles, K. Wiles, E. Wilhelmsen, T. Wiliams, J. Wilkie, D. Wilkin, H. Wilkins, J. Wilkins, S. Wilkins, I. Wilkinson, L. Wilkinson, N. Wilkinson, S. Wilkinson, T. Wilkinson, S. Willetts, A. Williams, C. Williams, C.V. Williams, D. Williams, E. Williams, G. Williams, H. Williams, J. Williams, K. Williams, M. Williams, P. Williams, R. Williams, S. Williams, T. Williams, A. Williamson, C. Williamson, D. Williamson, J. Williamson, J.D. Williamson, R. Williamson, H. Williamson, E. Willis, H. Willis, J. Willis, L. Wills, L. Willsher, C. Willshire, F. Willson, J. Willson, A. Wilson, B. Wilson, D. Wilson, I. Wilson, J. Wilson, K. Wilson, K.-A. Wilson, L. Wilson, M. Wilson, S. Wilson, T. Wilson, K.L.Y. Win, M. Win, T. Win, T.T. Win, W.Y.W. Win, L. Winckworth, L. Winder, P. Winder, S. Winearl, H. Winmill, S. Winn, C. Winpenny, H. Winslow, H. Winter, J. Winter, B. Winter-Goodwin, J. Winterton, H. Winwood, J. Wischhusen, S. Wisdom, M. Wise, M. Wiselka, R. Wiseman, S. Wiseman, S. Wishart, T. WIshlade, E. Witele, N. Withers, J. Wittes, D. Wixted, T. Wodehouse, W. Wolf, N. Wolff, K. Wolffsohn, R. Wolf-Roberts, E. Wolodimeroff, A. Wolstencroft, A. Wong, C. Wong, C.-H. Wong, C.-M. Wong, E. Wong, J.S.Y. Wong, K.Y. Wong, M.Y. Wong, N. Wong, S. Wong, T. Wong, A.A. Wongkyezeng, A. Wood, C. Wood, D. Wood, F. Wood, G. Wood, H. Wood, J. Wood, L. Wood, M. Wood, S. Wood, T. Wood, K. Woodall, R. Woodfield, C. Woodford, E. Woodford, J. Woodford, L. Woodhead, T. Woodhead, P. Woodland, M. Woodman, S. Woodmansey, C. Woods, J. Woods, K. Woods, S. Woods, Z. Woodward, M. Woolcock, G. Wooldridge, R. Woolf, C. Woollard, L. Woollen, E. Woolley, J. Woolley, D. Woosey, D. Wootton, J. Wootton, D. Worley, S. Worton, J. Wraight, M. Wray, K. Wren, L. Wren, C. Wrey Brown, C. Wright, D. Wright, F. Wright, H. Wright, I. Wright, L. Wright, R. Wright, S. Wright, T. Wright, C. Wroe, H. Wroe, H. Wu, P. Wu, J. Wubetu, F. Wulandari, R. Wulandari, S. Wurie, C. Wyatt, F. Wyn-Griffiths, I. Wynter, B. Xavier, A. Xhikola, B.E. Xia, Z. Xia, E. Yacoba, S. Yadav, M. Yakubi, M. Yan, Y. Yanagisawa, F. Yang, Y. Yang, M. Yanney, W.L. Yap, N. Yaqoob, S. Yasmin, B. Yates, D. Yates, E. Yates, H. Yates, T. Yates, M. Yates, J. Ye, C. Yearwood Martin, K. Yein, F. Yelnoorkar, L. Yen, L.M. Yen, A. Yeoh, C.Y. Yeung, P. Yew, D. Yewatkar, L. Ylquimiche Melly, I. Ynter, H. Yong, J. Yorke, J. Youens, A. Younes Ibrahim, E. Young, G. Young, L. Young, A. Yousafzar, S. Youssouf, A. Yousuf, H. Yovita, C. Yu, J.S.J. Yuan, N. Yufaniaputri, B. Yung, D. Yusef, S. Yusef, I. Yusuf, A.-S. Zafar, S. Zagalo, S. Zaher, A. Zahoor, M. Zainab, T. Zak, K. Zaki, N. Zakir, K. Zalewska, A. Zamalloa, M. Zaman, S. Zaman, J. Zamikula, L. Zammit, M. Zammit-Mangion, M. Zawadzka, M. Zayed, E. Zebracki, D. Zehnder, L. Zeidan, D. Zeinali, J. Zhang, X. Zhao, D. Zheng, D. Zhu, M. Zia, O. Zibdeh, R. Zill-E-Huma, E.T. Zin, E. Zincone, G. Zindoga, E. Zinkin, V. Zinyemba, C. Zipitis, L. Zitter, A. Zmierczak, G. Zubikarai, A. Zubir, N. Zuhra, R. Zulaikha, S. Zulfikar, C. Zullo, and A. Zuriaga-Alvaro
Subjects: COVID-19, Corticosteroid, Dexamethasone, Mortality, Clinical trial, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Summary: Background: Low dose corticosteroids (e.g., 6 mg dexamethasone) have been shown to reduce mortality for hypoxic COVID-19 patients. We have previously reported that higher dose corticosteroids cause harm in patients with clinical hypoxia but not receiving ventilatory support (the combination of non-invasive mechanical ventilation, including high-flow nasal oxygen, continuous positive airway pressure and bilevel positive airway pressure ventilation, and invasive mechanical ventilation or extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation), but the balance of efficacy and safety in patients receiving ventilatory support is uncertain. Methods: This randomised, controlled, open-label platform trial (Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy [RECOVERY]) assessed multiple possible treatments in patients hospitalised for COVID-19. Eligible and consenting adult patients receiving ventilatory support were randomly allocated (1:1) to either usual care with higher dose corticosteroids (dexamethasone 20 mg once daily for 5 days followed by 10 mg once daily for 5 days or until discharge if sooner) or usual standard of care alone (which includes dexamethasone 6 mg once daily for 10 days or until discharge if sooner). The primary outcome was 28-day mortality; secondary outcomes were duration of hospitalisation and (among participants not on invasive mechanical ventilation at baseline) the composite of invasive mechanical ventilation or death. Recruitment closed on 31 March 2024 when funding for the trial ended. The RECOVERY trial is registered with ISRCTN (50189673) and clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04381936). Findings: Between 25 May 2021 and 9 January 2024, 477 COVID-19 patients receiving ventilatory support were randomly allocated to receive usual care plus higher dose corticosteroids vs. usual care alone (of whom 99% received corticosteroids during the follow-up period). Of those randomised, 221 (46%) were in Asia, 245 (51%) in the UK and 11 (2%) in Africa. 143 (30%) had diabetes mellitus. Overall, 86 (35%) of 246 patients allocated to higher dose corticosteroids vs. 86 (37%) of 231 patients allocated to usual care died within 28 days (rate ratio [RR] 0.87; 95% CI 0.64–1.18; p = 0.37). There was no significant difference in the proportion of patients discharged from hospital alive within 28 days (128 [52%] in the higher dose corticosteroids group vs. 120 [52%] in the usual care group; RR 1.04, 0.81–1.33]; p = 0.78). Among those not on invasive mechanical ventilation at baseline, there was no clear reduction in the proportion meeting the composite endpoint of invasive mechanical ventilation or death (76 [37%] of 206 vs. 93 [45%] of 205; RR 0.79 [95% CI 0.63–1.00]; p = 0.05). Interpretation: In patients hospitalised for COVID-19 receiving ventilatory support, we found no evidence that higher dose corticosteroids reduced the risk of death compared to usual care, which included low dose corticosteroids. Funding: UK Research and Innovation (Medical Research Council) and National Institute for Health Research (Grant ref: MC_PC_19056), and Wellcome Trust (Grant Ref: 222406/Z/20/Z).
Published: 2025
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50. Unit Nonresponse in a Population-Based Study of Prostate Cancer.

Author: Evrim Oral, Neal Simonsen, Christine Brennan, Jennifer Berken, L Joseph Su, James L Mohler, Jeannette T Bensen, and Elizabeth T H Fontham
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Low unit response rates can increase bias and compromise study validity. Response rates have continued to fall over the past decade despite all efforts to increase participation. Many factors have been linked to reduced response, yet relatively few studies have employed multivariate approaches to identify characteristics that differentiate respondents from nonrespondents since it is hard to collect information on the latter. We aimed to assess factors contributing to enrollment of prostate cancer (PCa) patients. We combined data from the North Carolina-Louisiana (LA) PCa Project's LA cohort, with additional sources such as US census tract and LA tumor registry data. We included specific analyses focusing on blacks, a group often identified as hard to enroll in health-related research. The ability to study the effect of Hurricane Katrina, which occurred amidst enrollment, as a potential determinant of nonresponse makes our study unique. Older age (≥ 70) for blacks (OR 0.65) and study phase with respect to Hurricane Katrina for both races (OR 0.59 for blacks, OR 0.48 for whites) were significant predictors of participation with lower odds. Neighborhood poverty for whites (OR 1.53) also was a significant predictor of participation, but with higher odds. Among blacks, residence in Orleans parish was associated with lower odds of participation (OR 0.33) before Katrina. The opposite occurred in whites, with lower odds (OR 0.43) after Katrina. Our results overall underscore the importance of tailoring enrollment approaches to specific target population characteristics to confront the challenges posed by nonresponse. Our results also show that recruitment-related factors may change when outside forces bring major alterations to a population's environment and demographics.
Published: 2016
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