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33. Elevations in D-dimer levels in patients with Plasmodium infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author

Sukati, Suriyan, Kotepui, Kwuntida Uthaisar, Masangkay, Frederick Ramirez, Tseng, Ching-Ping, Mahittikorn, Aongart, Anabire, Nsoh Godwin, Wilairatana, Polrat, Wangdi, Kinley, Majima, Hideyuki J, Suwannatrai, Apiporn Thinkhamrop, Klangbud, Wiyada Kwanhian, Mala, Wanida, Rattanatham, Rujikorn, and Kotepui, Manas

Abstract

D-dimer, a byproduct of cross-linked fibrin degradation, arises during the fibrinolysis process, breaking down blood clots in circulation. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize evidence of D-dimer alteration in people with malaria, including variations in disease severity. The systematic review was registered in PROSPERO with registration number CRD42024528245. Searches were performed in EMBASE, Scopus, MEDLINE, PubMed, Nursing & Allied Health Premium, and Journals@Ovid on March 25, 2024, to identify original studies that reported D-dimer in patients with Plasmodium infections. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools. Thematic synthesis and meta-analysis were carried out to synthesize the findings of the included studies. A total of 24 studies were included in the review out of 1,115 records identified. According to the evaluated studies, patients with Plasmodium infections had higher D-dimer levels. A meta-analytic evaluation of D-dimer levels between patients with and without Plasmodium infections revealed a significant elevation of D-dimer in patients with infection, with high heterogeneity (SMD = 2.11, 95% CI = 0.59; 3.64, P = 0.007, I² = 98%, 6 studies, 1,418 participants, random-effects model). However, no significant alterations in D-dimer levels were observed following the comparison between patients with severe and uncomplicated malaria, also with high heterogeneity (SMD = 2.54, 95% CI = -1.60; 6.68, P = 0.23, I² = 99%, 3 studies, 595 participants). The findings suggested that malaria patients have significantly higher D-dimer levels compared to non-malarial individuals. However, there was no significant difference in D-dimer levels between severe and uncomplicated malaria cases. These results highlight the potential of D-dimer as a biomarker for Plasmodium infections, but its clinical utility requires further validation. Future studies should prioritize standardizing D-dimer measurement methods, including assay types, threshold values, and sample types, to ensure consistent and reliable application in clinical settings. Additionally, large, multicentric cohorts are needed to establish robust guidelines for incorporating D-dimer into malaria management practices. Further research should also explore the role of D-dimer in the pathogenesis of Plasmodium infections to deepen our understanding of their clinical significance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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34. First report on the long-term viability of Acanthamoeba species in unpreserved environmental freshwater samples stored at room temperature.

Author

Masangkay, Frederick R., Rona IV, Fausto C., Poricallan, Angel Jasmine G., Padua, Raphael Louis M., Reyes, Marielle Sabina S., Ricacho, Justine Kate M., Samar, Monica Jane E., Santos, Maria Carmela I., Jitbanjong Tangpong, Kotepui, Manas, Padua, Mark F. F. E., Milanez, Giovanni D., and Karanis, Panagiotis

Subjects
AQUATIC resources, POLYMERASE chain reaction, ACANTHAMOEBA, ENVIRONMENTAL sampling, WATER sampling
Abstract

Acanthamoeba is an opportunistic, free-living amoeba ubiquitous in the environment. Despite reports of its wide distribution in the Philippines’ freshwater resources, more information on the long-term viability of the Acanthamoeba species is needed. This study aimed to define the long-term viability of Acanthamoeba species in unpreserved environmental freshwater samples after 3 years of storage at room temperature. Stored water samples from 15 study sites were filtered through a 1.2-μm pore size glass microfiber filter, cultured in non-nutrient agar (NNA) lawned with Escherichia coli, and observed for amoebic growth for 14 days using light microscopy. Isolates from positive NNA culture were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using JDP1 and JDP2 Acanthamoeba-specific primers. The study site positivity was 33% (5/15). Acanthamoeba genotype T4 and Acanthamoeba lenticulata were isolated from Luzon; Acanthamoeba divionensis was isolated from Visayas; and Acanthamoeba sp. and genotype T20 were isolated from Mindanao. The long-term viability of Acanthamoeba species is an added risk factor for the sustained contamination of aquatic resources and other sample matrices. This heightens the risk of transmission to humans and animals. This study demonstrated that water samples fated for Acanthamoeba studies can be stored unpreserved at room temperature for several years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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43. Health-related issues of people experiencing homelessness in Thailand: a scoping review.

Author

Wattanapisit, Apichai, Muttarat, Pannawat, Sottiyotin, Tida, Puangsri, Pavarud, Aungkawattanapong, Nadvadee, Wattanapisit, Sanhapan, and Kotepui, Manas

Subjects
HOMELESS persons, UNSAFE sex, ALCOHOL drinking, SUBSTANCE abuse, DRUG addiction
Abstract

Introduction: Homelessness is a significant global challenge affecting people worldwide. In Thailand, the health-related issues of people experiencing homelessness have not been a major research focus. This scoping review aims to explore the scope of research on health-related issues among people experiencing homelessness in Thailand. Methods: Eight databases (ACI, AMED, Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, TCI, and Web of Science) were searched from inception of each database to August 2022. The search terms consisted of terms related to people experiencing homelessness in Thailand. Research articles published in Thai or English were included. Results: Of 186 articles, 167 were excluded during duplicate removal (n = 45), title and abstract screening (n = 106), seeking for full-text articles (n = 2), and full-text screening (n = 14). Nineteen articles were included for extraction and synthesis. Three topics (health status, causes of homelessness and effects of homelessness on health, healthcare and social services) were summarised. The included studies described mental health (e.g., depression, suicide, alcohol and drug dependence), physical health (e.g., poor self-hygiene, injuries, accidents), and health behaviours (e.g., alcohol drinking, substance use, unsafe sex). Social behaviours and health problems linked to homelessness, and several factors related to health and living conditions (e.g., stigma, discrimination) were reported. People experiencing homelessness had some barriers to access to healthcare and social services (e.g., health insurance, social welfare, financial difficulties). Conclusions: The majority of studies on health-related issues in people experiencing homelessness in Thailand are descriptive studies. Future studies should focus on the interactions and mechanisms between homelessness and health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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