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3. Comprehensive whole-genome sequence analyses provide insights into the genomic architecture of cerebral palsy

Author

Fehlings, Darcy L., Zarrei, Mehdi, Engchuan, Worrawat, Sondheimer, Neal, Thiruvahindrapuram, Bhooma, MacDonald, Jeffrey R., Higginbotham, Edward J., Thapa, Ritesh, Behlim, Tarannum, Aimola, Sabrina, Switzer, Lauren, Ng, Pamela, Wei, John, Danthi, Prakroothi S., Pellecchia, Giovanna, Lamoureux, Sylvia, Ho, Karen, Pereira, Sergio L., de Rijke, Jill, Sung, Wilson W. L., Mowjoodi, Alireza, Howe, Jennifer L., Nalpathamkalam, Thomas, Manshaei, Roozbeh, Ghaffari, Siavash, Whitney, Joseph, Patel, Rohan V., Hamdan, Omar, Shaath, Rulan, Trost, Brett, Knights, Shannon, Samdup, Dawa, McCormick, Anna, Hunt, Carolyn, Kirton, Adam, Kawamura, Anne, Mesterman, Ronit, Gorter, Jan Willem, Dlamini, Nomazulu, Merico, Daniele, Hilali, Murto, Hirschfeld, Kyle, Grover, Kritika, Bautista, Nelson X., Han, Kara, Marshall, Christian R., Yuen, Ryan K. C., Subbarao, Padmaja, Azad, Meghan B., Turvey, Stuart E., Mandhane, Piush, Moraes, Theo J., Simons, Elinor, Maxwell, George, Shevell, Michael, Costain, Gregory, Michaud, Jacques L., Hamdan, Fadi F., Gauthier, Julie, Uguen, Kevin, Stavropoulos, Dimitri J., Wintle, Richard F., Oskoui, Maryam, and Scherer, Stephen W.

Published
2024
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9. A quantitative EEG index for the recognition of arterial ischemic stroke in children

Author

Armstrong, Jennifer, Chavez, Marta, deVeber, Gabrielle, Dlamini, Noma, Dowling, Michael, Felling, Ryan, Fullerton, Heather, Guilliams, Kristin, Hassanein, Sahar, Jordan, Lori, Kirton, Adam, Lefond, Catherine, Lehman, Laura, Mackay, Mark, Pergami, Paola, Rafay, Mubeen, Tatishvili, Nana, Victorio, Maria, Caffarelli, Mauro, Karukonda, Vishnu, Aghaeeaval, Mahsa, McQuillen, Patrick S., Numis, Adam L., Mackay, Mark T., Press, Craig A., Wintermark, Max, Fox, Christine K., and Amorim, Edilberto

Published
2023
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11. Limited output transcranial electrical stimulation 2023 (LOTES-2023): Updates on engineering principles, regulatory statutes, and industry standards for wellness, over-the-counter, or prescription devices with low risk

Author

Bikson, Marom, Ganho-Ávila, Ana, Datta, Abhishek, Gillick, Bernadette, Joensson, Morten Goertz, Kim, Sungjin, Kim, Jinuk, Kirton, Adam, Lee, Kiwon, Marjenin, Timothy, Onarheim, Balder, Rehn, Erik M., Sack, Alexander T., and Unal, Gozde

Published
2023
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12. Physical Activity Levels and Adiposity in Ambulant Children and Adolescents With Cerebral Palsy Compared With Their Typically Developing Peers.

Author

Janzen, Leticia, Toomey, Clodagh M., Brunton, Laura K., Condliffe, Elizabeth G., Esau, Shane, Kirton, Adam, Emery, Carolyn A., and Kuntze, Gregor

Subjects
STATISTICS, SEDENTARY lifestyles, PHOTON absorptiometry, CONFIDENCE intervals, CROSS-sectional method, LEAN body mass, CHILDREN with cerebral palsy, ACTIGRAPHY, CHILDREN with disabilities, PHYSICAL activity, COMPARATIVE studies, WALKING, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, RESEARCH funding, CEREBRAL palsy, STATISTICAL models, DATA analysis, ADIPOSE tissues, MOTOR ability
Abstract

Purpose: This study assessed physical activity (PA) and body composition of ambulatory children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP) and their typically developing peers. Methods: Participants included youth with CP (ages 8–18 y and Gross Motor Function Classification System [GMFCS] levels I–III) and their typically developing peers. Outcomes included PA (actigraphy) and fat/lean mass index (FMI/LMI; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry). Statistical analyses included linear mixed effects models with Bonferroni adjustment. Fixed effects were study group (CP and typically developing); random effects were participant clusters (sex and age). Exploratory analyses included association of body composition and PA, GMFCS level, and CP involvement (unilateral and bilateral). Results: Seventy-eight participants (CP: n = 40, girls: n = 29; GMFCS I: n = 20; GMFCS II: n = 14; GMFCS III: n = 6) met inclusion criteria. Individuals with CP had lower moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA; β = −12.5; 98.3% confidence interval, −22.6 to −2.5 min; P =.004) and lower LMI (β = −1.1; 97.5% confidence interval, −2.1 to −0.0 kg/m2; P =.020). Exploratory analyses indicated increased LMI with greater MVPA (P =.001), reduced MVPA for GMFCS II (P =.005) and III (P =.001), increased sedentary time for GMFCS III (P =.006), and greater fat mass index with unilateral motor impairment (P =.026). Conclusions: The findings contribute to the knowledge base of increasing MVPA and LMI deficits with the greater functional impact of CP. Associations of increasing LMI with greater MVPA support efforts targeting enhanced PA participation to promote independent mobility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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14. The development of the pediatric stroke neuroimaging platform (PEDSNIP)

Author

Domi, Trish, Robertson, Amanda, Lee, Wayne, Wintle, Richard F., Stence, Nicholas, Bernard, Timothy, Kirton, Adam, Carlson, Helen, Andrade, Andrea, Rafay, Mubeen F., Bjornson, Bruce, Kim, Danny, Dowling, Michael, Bonnett, Wilmot, Rivkin, Michael, Krishnan, Pradeep, Shroff, Manohar, Ertl-Wagner, Birgit, Strother, Stephen, Arnott, Steven, Wintermark, Max, Kassner, Andrea, deVeber, Gabrielle, and Dlamini, Nomazulu

Published
2023
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15. Differences in neurometabolites and transcranial magnetic stimulation motor maps in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Author

Kahl, Cynthia K., Swansburg, Rose, Hai, Tasmia, Wrightson, James G., Bell, Tiffany, Lemay, Jean-Francois, Kirton, Adam, and MacMaster, Frank P.

Subjects
Metabolites -- Health aspects, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder -- Care and treatment, Magnetic brain stimulation -- Patient outcomes, Health, Psychology and mental health
Abstract

Background: Although much is known about cognitive dysfunction in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), few studies have examined the pathophysiology of disordered motor circuitry. We explored differences in neurometabolite levels and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)-derived corticomotor representations among children with ADHD and typically developing children. Methods: We used magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) protocols to measure excitatory (glutamate + glutamine [Glx]) and inhibitory ([gamma]-aminobutyric acid [GABA]) neurometabolite levels in the dominant primary motor cortex (M1) and the supplementary motor area (SMA) in children with ADHD and typically developing children. We used robotic neuronavigated TMS to measure corticospinal excitability and create corticomotor maps. Results: We collected data from 26 medication-free children with ADHD (aged 7-16 years) and 25 typically developing children (11-16 years). Children with ADHD had lower M1 Glx (p = 0.044, d = 0.6); their mean resting motor threshold was lower (p = 0.029, d = 0.8); their map area was smaller (p = 0.044, d = 0.7); and their hotspot density was higher (p = 0.008, d = 0.9). M1 GABA levels were associated with motor map area (p = 0.036). Limitations: Some TMS data were lost because the threshold of some children exceeded 100% of the machine output. The relatively large MRS voxel required to obtain sufficient signal- to-noise ratio and reliably measure GABA levels encompassed tissue beyond the M1, making this measure less anatomically specific. Conclusion: The neurochemistry and neurophysiology of key nodes in the motor network may be altered in children with ADHD, and the differences appear to be related to each other. These findings suggest potentially novel neuropharmacological and neuromodulatory targets for ADHD., Introduction Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattentiveness, impulsivity and motor hyperactivity. (1) It negatively affects individuals' performance at school and at home. (2) ADHD is [...]

Published
2022
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16. Digitalized transcranial electrical stimulation: A consensus statement

Author

Brunoni, Andre R, Ekhtiari, Hamed, Antal, Andrea, Auvichayapat, Paradee, Baeken, Chris, Benseñor, Isabela M., Bikson, Marom, Boggio, Paulo, Borroni, Barbara, Brighina, Filippo, Brunelin, Jerome, Carvalho, Sandra, Caumo, Wolnei, Ciechanski, Patrick, Charvet, Leigh, Clark, Vincent P., Cohen Kadosh, Roi, Cotelli, Maria, Datta, Abhishek, Deng, Zhi-De, De Raedt, Rudi, De Ridder, Dirk, Fitzgerald, Paul B., Floel, Agnes, Frohlich, Flavio, George, Mark S., Ghobadi-Azbari, Peyman, Goerigk, Stephan, Hamilton, Roy H., Jaberzadeh, Shapour J., Hoy, Kate, Kidgell, Dawson J., Zonoozi, Arash Khojasteh, Kirton, Adam, Laureys, Steven, Lavidor, Michal, Lee, Kiwon, Leite, Jorge, Lisanby, Sarah H., Loo, Colleen, Martin, Donel M., Miniussi, Carlo, Mondino, Marine, Monte-Silva, Katia, Morales-Quezada, Leon, Nitsche, Michael A., Okano, Alexandre H., Oliveira, Claudia S., Onarheim, Balder, Pacheco-Barrios, Kevin, Padberg, Frank, Nakamura-Palacios, Ester M., Palm, Ulrich, Paulus, Walter, Plewnia, Christian, Priori, Alberto, Rajji, Tarek K., Razza, Lais B., Rehn, Erik M., Ruffini, Giulio, Schellhorn, Klaus, Zare-Bidoky, Mehran, Simis, Marcel, Skorupinski, Pawel, Suen, Paulo, Thibaut, Aurore, Valiengo, Leandro C.L., Vanderhasselt, Marie-Anne, Vanneste, Sven, Venkatasubramanian, Ganesan, Violante, Ines R., Wexler, Anna, Woods, Adam J., and Fregni, Felipe

Published
2022
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22. Real-World Biomarkers for Pediatric Takayasu Arteritis.

Author

Peremans, Lieselot, Twilt, Marinka, Benseler, Susanne M., Grisaru, Silviu, Kirton, Adam, Myers, Kimberly A., and Hamiwka, Lorraine

Subjects
TAKAYASU arteritis, BIOMARKERS, MAGNETIC resonance angiography, DIAGNOSTIC imaging, DIAGNOSIS, CHILDREN'S literature
Abstract

Childhood-onset Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a rare, heterogeneous disease with limited diagnostic markers. Our objective was to identify and classify all candidates for biomarkers of TA diagnosis in children reported in the literature. A systematic literature review (PRISMA) of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Wiley Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrias.gov, and WHO ICTRP for articles related to TA in the pediatric age group between January 2000 and August 2023 was performed. Data on demographics, clinical features, laboratory measurements, diagnostic imaging, and genetic analysis were extracted. We identified 2026 potential articles, of which 52 studies (81% case series) met inclusion criteria. A total of 1067 TA patients were included with a peak onset between 10 and 15 years. Childhood-onset TA predominantly presented with cardiovascular, constitutional, and neurological symptoms. Laboratory parameters exhibited a low sensitivity and specificity. Imaging predominantly revealed involvement of the abdominal aorta and renal arteries, with magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) being the preferred imaging modality. Our review confirms the heterogeneous presentation of childhood-onset TA, posing significant challenges to recognition and timely diagnosis. Collaborative, multinational efforts are essential to better understand the natural course of childhood-onset TA and to identify accurate biomarkers to enhance diagnosis and disease management, ultimately improving patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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24. Current Referral Practices for Diagnosis and Intervention for Children with Cerebral Palsy: A National Environmental Scan

Author

Bergman, Howard, Burko, Benjamin, Dagenais, Emmanuelle, Dagenais, Lynn, Darsaklis, Vasiliki Betty, Leduc, Denis, Li, Patricia, Shiller, Mitchell, Snider, Laurie, Thibault, Julie, Ahmed, Sara, Bussières, André, Rodriguez, Rosario, Shikako Thomas, Keiko, Boychuck, Zachary, Andersen, John, Fehlings, Darcy, Kirton, Adam, Oskoui, Maryam, Shevell, Michael, and Majnemer, Annette

Published
2020
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42. Safety of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation: Evidence Based Update 2016

Author

Bikson, Marom, Grossman, Pnina, Thomas, Chris, Zannou, Adantchede Louis, Jiang, Jimmy, Adnan, Tatheer, Mourdoukoutas, Antonios P., Kronberg, Greg, Truong, Dennis, Boggio, Paulo, Brunoni, André R., Charvet, Leigh, Fregni, Felipe, Fritsch, Brita, Gillick, Bernadette, Hamilton, Roy H., Hampstead, Benjamin M., Jankord, Ryan, Kirton, Adam, Knotkova, Helena, Liebetanz, David, Liu, Anli, Loo, Colleen, Nitsche, Michael A., Reis, Janine, Richardson, Jessica D., Rotenberg, Alexander, Turkeltaub, Peter E., and Woods, Adam J.

Published
2016
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