Search

Rajesh Kumar,1 Mahesh Kumar Batra,1 Sanam Khowaja,1 Ali Ammar,1 Ashok Kumar,1 Jehangir Ali Shah,1 Jawaid Akbar Sial,1 Tahir Saghir,1 Musa Karim2 1Adult Cardiology Department, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Karachi, Pakistan; 2Research Department, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Karachi, PakistanCorrespondence: Rajesh KumarNational Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Karachi, PakistanEmail rajeshnarsoolal@gmail.comObjective: Promising results of CHA2DS2-VASc score have been reported for the prediction of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, data of its predictive strength in the context of primary PCI are not available. Therefore, in this study, we have assessed predictive value of CHA2DS2-VASc score for CI-AKI after primary PCI.Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted between January 2021 and June 2021 at the National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Karachi, Pakistan. Inclusion criteria of the study was consecutive adult patients who had undergone primary PCI. Baseline CHA2DS2-VASc score was calculated, and either a 25% or 0.5 mg/dL increase in post-procedure serum creatinine level as compared to baseline level was categorized as CI-AKI.Results: A total of 691 patients were included, of which 82.1% (567) were male. CI-AKI after primary PCI was observed in 63 (9.1%) patients, out of which 66.7% (42) of patients had CHA2DS2-VASc score of ≥ 2. The area under the curve (AUC) for the score was 0.725 [0.662 to 0.788] with a sensitivity and specificity of 66.7% [63.1% to 70.2%] and 66.7% [53.7% to 78.1%], respectively, at a cut-off value of ≥ 2. In multivariable analysis, left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 30% and CHA2DS2-VASc ≥ 2 were found to be independent predictors with adjusted odds ratios of 2.19 [1.06– 4.5] and 2.13 [1.13– 4.01], respectively.Conclusion: CHA2DS2-VASc score has a good predictive value for the prediction of CI-AKI after primary PCI. Criteria of CHA2DS2-VASc ≥ 2 can be used for the risk stratification of CI-AKI after primary PCI.Keywords: ST elevation myocardial infarction, STEMI, percutaneous coronary intervention, primary PCI, contrast-induced acute kidney injury, CI-AKI, CHA2DS2-VASc score, contrast-induced nephropathy, CIN

With the recent advancement in medical image processing field and sophisticated simulation tools it has been possible to acquire useful information from raw images for different parts of the body. Coronary artery segmentation is the fundamental component which extract significant features from angiogram images. Cardiac catheterization is an invasive diagnostic procedure that provides important information about the structure and function of heart. The procedure usually involves X-ray images of heart, arteries using coronary angiography. The resultant images (coronary angiogram) are considered as best of way to diagnose cardiac heart disease. The main focus of coronary angiography is to find the blockage in major blood vessels, however if the blockage is not found in large blood vessels and patient persists to have pain (angina) then it is concluded that the patient is having micro vascular disease (MVD). MVD is caused by blockage or narrowing of small blood vessels in heart, unfortunately there is no specific test to diagnose MVD but it is common in people having diabetes and blood pressure. This paper proposes an automated method of vessel segmentation from coronary angiogram images using radial basis function and moment invariant-based features to extract the small blood vessel for diagnosis of MVD. Experimental results show that the proposed method is capable of extracting small blood vessels from coronary artery and can be a basis to identify key characteristics for MVD. The dataset of angiogram images have been provided by ISRA University Hospital and MATLAB is used for implementing the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]