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Yojiro Umezaki,1 Motoko Watanabe,2 Yukiko Shinohara,2 Shiori Sugawara,2 Kaoru Kawasaki,2 Trang TH Tu,2 Takeshi Watanabe,2 Takayuki Suga,2 Anna Miura,2 Miho Takenoshita,2 Yusuke Sato,3 Ichiro Minami,4 Jun Oyama,5 Akira Toriihara,5 Tatsuya Yoshikawa,2 Toru Naito,1 Haruhiko Motomura,2 Akira Toyofuku2 1Section of Geriatric Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan; 2Department of Psychosomatic Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8548, Japan; 3Department of Gerontology and Gerodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8548, Japan; 4Department of Removable Partial Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8548, Japan; 5Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8548, JapanCorrespondence: Akira ToyofukuDepartment of Psychosomatic Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8548, JapanTel/Fax +81- 3-5803-5909Email toyoompm@tmd.ac.jpBackground: Phantom bite syndrome (PBS) is characterized by an uncomfortable sensation during occlusion without any evident abnormality. A recent case–control study with single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) using 99mTc-ethyl cysteinate dimer could not find the specific features of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), which might be due to the heterogeneity of PBS. We analyzed the brain images of PBS corresponding to the clinical features by studying PBS subgroups.Methods: This study contributes to elucidating the pathophysiology of PBS by evaluating regional brain perfusion on SPECT and its clinical features. We performed SPECT using 99mTc-ethyl cysteinate dimer in 44 patients with PBS. The SPECT images were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively.Results: Asymmetrical rCBF patterns were detected, corresponding to symptom laterality. Patients with PBS with right-side symptoms showed right-side-predominant rCBF asymmetry in the parietal region and left-side-predominant rCBF asymmetry in the thalamus, and vice versa. Moreover, the analysis of the association between rCBF and patient behaviors revealed that patients who blamed their dentists for their symptoms tended to have a symmetrical rCBF pattern.Conclusion: Patients with PBS showed blood flow imbalance in the thalamus and parietal region corresponding to symptom laterality. There are two types of symmetrical and asymmetrical rCBF patterns in the pathophysiology of PBS despite similar clinical manifestations.Keywords: phantom bite syndrome, cerebral blood flow, single-photon emission computed tomography

Keitaro Shimozaki,1 Yasutaka Sukawa,1 Noriko Beppu,2 Isao Kurihara,3 Shigeaki Suzuki,4 Ryuichi Mizuno,5 Takeru Funakoshi,6 Shinnosuke Ikemura,7,8 Kai Tsugaru,1 Kazuhiro Togasaki,1 Kenta Kawasaki,1 Kenro Hirata,1 Hideyuki Hayashi,8 Yasuo Hamamoto,8 Hiromasa Takaishi,8 Takanori Kanai1 1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; 2Department of Pharmacy, Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; 3Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; 4Department of Neurology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; 5Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; 6Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; 7Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; 8Keio Cancer Center, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JapanCorrespondence: Yasutaka Sukawa Tel +81-3-3353-1211Fax +81-3-5363-6247Email sukawa@keio.jpPurpose: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been approved for various types of cancer; however, they cause a broad spectrum of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). The association between the development of irAEs and the clinical benefit remains uncertain. We aimed to evaluate the association of irAEs and the treatment efficacy in real-world practice.Patients and Methods: We conducted a retrospective study on patients with recurrent or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer, malignant melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, or gastric cancer who received anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies (nivolumab, pembrolizumab, or atezolizumab) at the Keio University Hospital between September 2014 and January 2019. We recorded treatment-related AEs from medical records and graded them using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4. We performed an overall survival (OS) analysis using a Cox proportional hazards model and the shared frailty model.Results: Of 212 patients eligible for this study, 108 experienced irAEs and 42 developed multiple irAEs. The median OS was significantly longer in the irAEs than in the no-irAE group (28.1 months vs 12.7 months; hazard ratio [HR], 0.49; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.33– 0.73; P = 0.0004). Moreover, the OS of patients with multiple irAEs was significantly longer than that of patients with a single irAE (42.3 months vs 18.8 months; HR, 0.473; 95% CI, 0.346– 0.647; P < 0.0001).Conclusion: Our single-center retrospective study revealed a significant tendency associating the development of multiple irAEs with favorable prognoses.Keywords: immune checkpoint inhibitors, programmed cell death 1, prognosis

Trang TH Tu,1 Anna Miura,1 Yukiko Shinohara,1 Lou Mikuzuki,1 Kaoru Kawasaki,1 Shiori Sugawara,1 Takayuki Suga,1 Takeshi Watanabe,1 Yuma Aota,1 Yojiro Umezaki,2 Miho Takenoshita,1 Akira Toyofuku1 1Department of Psychosomatic Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; 2Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan Objectives: There has been considerable research which has focused on clarifying the origin of pain in patients with atypical odontalgia (AO), also known as “idiopathic toothache”, and on identifying effective treatment, but there has been limited success so far. In this study, we assessed the outcomes of treatment and attempted to identify factors that could account for pain remission in patients with AO.Patients and methods: Data for 165 patients diagnosed with AO from June 2015 to August 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. The patients’ sex, age, duration of pain, and psychiatric history were collected, along with information on pain intensity, depressive status, and catastrophizing scores. Responses at 4 and 16 weeks from the start of treatment were observed. The associations between potentially associated factors and outcome were investigated using Bayesian model averaging.Results: A 30% reduction in pain was reported by 38 patients (46.3%) at 4 weeks and by 54 patients (65.9%) at 16 weeks. The pain intensity decreased as the depression and catastrophizing score improved; all of the changes were statistically significant (P

Yojiro Umezaki,1 Anna Miura,2 Yukiko Shinohara,2 Lou Mikuzuki,2 Shiori Sugawara,2 Kaoru Kawasaki,2 Trang TH Tu,2 Takeshi Watanabe,2 Takayuki Suga,2 Motoko Watanabe,3 Miho Takenoshita,2 Tatsuya Yoshikawa,2 Akihito Uezato,4 Toru Nishikawa,4 Ken Hoshiko,5 Toru Naito,1 Haruhiko Motomura,2 Akira Toyofuku2 1Section of Geriatric Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan; 2Department of Psychosomatic Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; 3Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan; 4Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; 5Department of Pharmacy, Dental Hospital, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan Objective: Oral cenesthopathy is characterized by foreign body sensations without medical and dental evidence for them. It is thought to be a rare disease in psychiatry, but many patients are visiting dental clinics seeking treatment to remove a foreign body. Even though the features of oral cenesthopathy might be different between a psychiatric clinic and a dental clinic, there has been no clinico-statistical study from dentists. In this study, we report a clinico-statistical study of patients with oral cenesthopathy in dentistry. Methods: This is a retrospective chart review of 606 outpatients with oral cenesthopathy in Tokyo Medical and Dental University from April 2010 through to March 2015. Results: A total of 159 male and 447 female patients were included in this study. The mean age was 62.08 years, and female patients were older than male patients. The trigger of the dental treatment and the acute phase of depression at the onset were significantly related (p=0.037). Only 128 patients (36%) had clinically significant improvement after 6 months of pharmacotherapy. No history of psychiatric disorders (odds ratio [OR] 0.479 [95% confidence interval {CI}: 0.262–0.875], p=0.017) and longer duration of illness (>18 months) (OR 2.626 [95% CI: 1.437–4.799], p=0.002) were significant factors for clinical outcomes. Conclusion: Patients with oral cenesthopathy in our clinic were predominantly elderly female patients. Dental treatment in the acute phase of depression might be a risk factor for oral cenesthopathy. Therefore, comprehending the situation of psychiatric disorder and obtaining adequate informed consent might be required to prevent the trouble concerning oral cenesthopathy. Keywords: oral cenesthopathy, delusional disorder somatic type, DDST, chart review, dentistry

Objectives: To identify the molecular etiology of distinct dental anomalies found in eight Thai patients and explore the mutational effects on cellular functions. Materials and Methods: Clinical and radiographic examinations were performed for eight patients. Whole exome sequencing, mutant protein modelling, qPCR, western blot analysis, scratch assays, immunofluorescence, confocal analysis, in situ hybridization, and scanning electron micrography of teeth were done. Results: All patients had molars with multiple supernumerary cusps, single‐cusped premolars, and a reduction in root number. Mutation analysis highlighted a heterozygous c.865A>G; p.Ile289Val mutation in CACNA1S in the patients. CACNA1S is a component of the slowly inactivating L‐type voltage‐dependent calcium channel. Mutant protein modeling suggested that the mutation might allow leakage of Ca2+ or other cations, or a tightening, to restrict calcium flow. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed expression of Cacna1s in the developing murine tooth epithelium during stages of crown and root morphogenesis. In cell culture, the mutation resulted in abnormal cell migration of transfected CHO cells compared to wildtype CACNA1S, with changes to the cytoskeleton and markers of focal adhesion. Conclusions: The malformations observed in our patients suggest a role for calcium signaling in organization of both cusps and roots, affecting cell dynamics within the dental epithelium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The age and genesis of Michigan's world-class native copper deposits are poorly constrained. The copper is hosted by basaltic flow tops and conglomeratic interbeds of the 1095 [+ or -] 2 Ma Keweenawan Portage Lake Formation. Progressive thermal demagnetization isolates stable hematite remanent magnetization components at 28 paleomagnetic sites. Paleomagnetic tilt tests show that magnetite in massive flow interiors is primary (1095 [+ or -] 2 Ma) and that hematite throughout the formation is syntectonic. The altered cupriferous deposits contain primary ~1095 Ma and secondary ~1053 Ma hematite in various proportions. The Caledonia Mine's basaltic mineralization carries the ~1053 Ma hematite dominantly whereas the Delaware Mine's conglomeratic interbed mineralization carries the ~1095 Ma hematite dominantly. The ~1095 Ma hematite is attributed mostly to magnetite exsolution during flow extrusion and to weathering oxidation between extrusion events. An infusion of epigenetic hydrothermal fluids emplaced the native copper with additional hematite and polarity self-reversing titanohematite at 1053 [+ or -] 7 Ma. Importantly, paleomagnetic evidence supports a 1053 [+ or -] 7 Ma age also for the White Pine stratiform sedimentary copper mineralization, for the oxidation of the Oronto Group clastic rocks to red beds, and for the time limits of major tectonic uplift and deformation on the Keweenaw Peninsula. Key words: paleomagnetism, native copper mineralization, Keweenawan Supergroup, North America, Proterozoic. L'age et la genese des gisements de cuivre natif de classe mondiale du Michigan ne sont pas bien etablis. Le cuivre occupe le sommet de coulees basaltiques et des interlits conglomeratiques de la Formation keweenawienne de Portage Lake de 1095 [+ or -] 2 Ma. Une demagnetisation thermique progressive isole des elements d'hematite a magnetisation remanente stable dans 28 sites paleomagnetiques. Des tests d'inclinaison paleomagnetique montrent que la magnetite dans la partie interne de coulees massives est primaire (1095 [+ or -] 2 Ma) et que l'hematite dans toute la formation est syntectonique. Les gisements cupriferes alteres contiennent des proportions variables d'hematite primaire de ~1095 Ma et secondaire de ~1053 Ma. Dans la mineralisation basaltique a la mine Caledonia, l'hematite de ~1053 Ma domine, alors que, dans la mineralisation dans des interlits conglomeratiques de la mine Delaware, l'hematite de ~1095 Ma est dominante. L'hematite de ~1095 Ma est principalement attribuee a l'exsolution de magnetite durant l'extrusion des coulees et l'oxydation associee a la meteorisation entre les episodes d'extrusion. L'infusion de fluides hydrothermaux epigenetiques a mis en place le cuivre natif avec d'autre hematite et de la titanohematite a polarite autoinversee a 1053 [+ or -] 7 Ma. Fait a noter, les observations paleomagnetiques appuient aussi un age de 1053 [+ or -] 7 Ma pour la mineralisation cuprifere sedimentaire stratiforme de White Pine, pour l'oxydation des roches clastiques du Groupe d'Oronto en des couches rouges et pour les limites temporelles d'importants episodes de soulevement tectonique et de deformation dans la peninsule Keweenaw. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles: paleomagnetisme, mineralisation de cuivre natif, Supergroupe de Keweenawan, Amerique du Nord, Proterozoique., Introduction The Mesoproterozoic Keweenawan strata on the northwestern side of the Keweenaw Peninsula in northern Michigan host two world-class copper mining districts (Fig. 1). The native copper lode (NCL) district, [...]

Ultrahigh-energy density (UHED) states greater than 1 Gbar pressure are typically observed under extreme conditions, such as in the core of an inertial confinement fusion implosion. A novel alternative approach for generating volumetric UHED states is to use nanowire arrays irradiated with a femtosecond ultrahigh-intensity laser. In this paper, we present an experimental investigation on laser absorption and energy transport in nanowire arrays irradiated with a picosecond kilojoule petawatt laser. The laser–target interactions were studied by measuring the x-ray emission and escaping hot electrons from a bare Cu foil and a foil with a nanowire array grown on its surface. The measured Cu-Kα and He-α emissions from the nanowire array were higher than those from the flat foil. In addition, hot electrons observed from the front surface of the nanowire array were enhanced. On the other hand, despite the stronger Kα emission from the nanowire array and the enhancement of hot electrons escaping from the front surface of the nanowire array, the number of hot electrons observed from the rear side of the flat foil target was slightly lower than that of the flat foil. A comparison of the experimental results with the results of a two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation code suggested that the magnetic fields generated around the periodic nanowire array trap hot electrons, improving the electron-to-target energy coupling and efficiently producing UHED states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-power, short-pulse laser-driven fast electrons can rapidly heat and ionize a high-density target before it hydrodynamically expands. The transport of such electrons within a solid target has been studied using two-dimensional (2D) imaging of electron-induced Kα radiation. However, it is currently limited to no or picosecond scale temporal resolutions. Here, we demonstrate femtosecond time-resolved 2D imaging of fast electron transport in a solid copper foil using the SACLA x-ray free electron laser (XFEL). An unfocused collimated x-ray beam produced transmission images with sub-micron and ∼10 fs resolutions. The XFEL beam, tuned to its photon energy slightly above the Cu K-edge, enabled 2D imaging of transmission changes induced by electron isochoric heating. Time-resolved measurements obtained by varying the time delay between the x-ray probe and the optical laser show that the signature of the electron-heated region expands at ∼25% of the speed of light in a picosecond duration. Time-integrated Cu Kα images support the electron energy and propagation distance observed with the transmission imaging. The x-ray near-edge transmission imaging with a tunable XFEL beam could be broadly applicable for imaging isochorically heated targets by laser-driven relativistic electrons, energetic protons, or an intense x-ray beam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Cantung tungsten-copper (W-Cu) skarn orebodies are hosted by Proterozoic and Lower Cambrian metasedimentary rocks next to the Cretaceous 'Mine Stock' monzogranite. Paleomagnetic analyses of 283 specimens from the Open Pit scheelitechalcopyrite orebody (17 sites) and from adjacent host rocks including the aplite dikes (11 sites) isolated a stable characteristic remanent magnetization (ChRM), mostly by alternating field and then thermal step demagnetization. The step demagnetization results along with rock magnetic analyses of the W concentrate show that the main remanence carriers are single- or pseudosingle-domain pyrrhotite, titanomagnetite, and (or) magnetite. There is no statistically significant difference at 95% confidence between the site mean ChRM directions for the W-Cu ore, the host rock, or the aplite dikes populations. This result indicates that the intrusion of the Mine Stock is coeval with the genesis of the scheelite skarn ore and with dike emplacement to give an overall mean ChRM direction of declination 342.9°, inclination 82.0° (N =22 sites, radius of cone of 95% confidence [α.sub.95] = 4.2°, precision parameter k = 54.7) that defines a paleopole at 76.2°N latitude, 212.2°E longitude (radius of cone of 95% confidence [A.sub.95] = 8.1°). This paleopole is concordant with the coeval 98 Ma North American paleopole at 92% confidence, which provides strong evidence that the eastern Selwyn Basin has been an autochthonous part of North America since the mid- Cretaceous. Les gisements de skarns a tungstene-cuivre (W-Cu) de Cantung sont encaisses dans des roches metasedimentaires datant du Proterozoique et du Cambrien inferieur, a proximite du stock intrusif de monzogranite << Mine Stock >> datant du Cretace. Des analyses paleomagnetiques sur 283 echantillons provenant du gisement nomme << Open Pit >> de scheelitechalcopyrite (17 sites) et des roches encaissantes adjacentes, incluant des dykes d'aplite (11 sites), ont permis d'isoler une aimantation remanente caracteristique stable (ChRM), principalement par alternance des champs puis par desaimantation thermique par etapes. Les resultats de la desaimantation par etapes, jumeles aux analyses magnetiques du concentre W, montrent que les principaux porteurs de la remanence sont une pyrrhotite, une titano-magnetite et/ou une magnetite, a domaine unique ou pseudo-unique. Il n'y a pas de difference statistique significative, au niveau de confiance de 95 %, entre les directions moyennes de la ChRM pour le minerai W-Cu, la roche encaissante ou les populations de dykes d'aplite. Selon ce resultat, l'intrusion du<>est contemporaine de la genese du minerai de skarns de scheelite et de la mise en place des dykes pour donner une direction moyenne generale de declinaison de la ChRM de 342,9 °, d'inclinaison de 82,0 ° (N = 22 sites, rayon du cone de confiance a 95 % [α.sub.95] = 4,2 °, parametre de precision k = 54,7) definissant un paleopole a une latitude de 76,2 °N et a une longitude de 212,2 °E (rayon du cone de confiance a 95 % [A.sub.95] = 8,1 °). Ce paleopole concorde avec le paleopole nord-americain contemporain de 98 Ma avec un niveau de confiance de 92 %, ce qui fournit de fortes indications que le bassin Selwyn oriental forme une partie autochtone de l'Amerique du Nord depuis le Cretace moyen. [Traduit par la Redaction], Introduction The 98-95 Ma Tungsten plutonic suite in the eastern Selwyn Basin forms an ~ 300 km long northwest-trending belt of plutons in the western Northwest Territories (NWT) and eastern [...]

Laser--plasma interaction and hot electrons have been characterized in detail in laser irradiation conditions relevant for direct-drive inertial confinement fusion. The experiment was carried out at the Gekko XII laser facility in multibeam planar target geometry at an intensity of approximately 3x1015 W/cm². Experimental data suggest that high-energy electrons, with temperatures of 20-50 keV and conversion efficiencies ofη<1%, were mainly produced by the damping of electron plasma waves driven by two-plasmon decay (TPD). Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) is observed in a near-threshold growth regime, producing a reflectivity of approximately 0.01%, and is well described by an analytical model accounting for the convective growth in independent speckles. The experiment reveals that both TPD and SRS are collectively driven by multiple beams, resulting in a more vigorous growth than that driven by single-beam laser intensity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pegmatite dikes in the Peninsular Ranges batholith of southwestern California have produced spectacular crystals of semiprecious and precious minerals for over a century. Aside from their economic importance, these dikes straddle a major tectonic boundary and were used to test hypotheses related to the timing and development of this composite batholith. Paleomagnetic analysis of 252 specimens from 20 sites (12 and 8 sites in the western and eastern zones of the batholith, respectively, from 11 mines in five dike districts) isolated a stable characteristic remanent magnetization direction at 19 sites. The site mean directions for the western and eastern zones are statistically indistinguishable at 95% confidence, supporting petrologic and geochemical arguments that the dikes of the two zones are coeval and cogenetic. After correction for the Neogene opening of the Gulf of California, the paleopole for all 19 site mean directions is indistinguishable from the 94 Ma reference paleopole for North America and supports hypotheses that (1) the dikes are genetically related to intrusion of the La Posta- type plutons; (2) the batholith was already assembled beside the northwestern coastline of Mexico at 94 Ma; (3) ENE- side-up tilting of fault blocks in the batholith's western zone ended by ~94 Ma; and (4) the far-sided and clockwise-rotated discordant paleopoles found commonly in Late Cretaceous and younger sedimentary rocks of the batholith's region are mostly the result of inclination-flattening of the remanence and (or) remagnetization by fluid flow, creating a secondary remanence, excluding Neogene tectonic rotations. Les dykes de pegmatite dans le batholite des Peninsular Ranges du sud-ouest de la Californie produisent des cristaux spectaculaires de mineraux precieux et semi-precieux depuis plus d'un siecle. En plus de leur importance economique, ces dykes chevauchent une frontiere tectonique majeure et ils ont ete utilises pour verifier des hypotheses quant au moment et au developpement de ce batholite composite. Des analyses paleomagnetiques de 252 echantillons preleves sur 20 sites (respectivement 12 sites dans la partie ouest du batholite et 8 sites dans la partie est, de 11 mines dans 5 districts de dykes) ont isole une direction de magnetization caracteristique remanente stable a 19 sites. Les directions moyennes pour les zones ouest et est sont statistiquement indiscernables avec un niveau de confiance de 95 %, supportant les arguments petrologiques et geochimiques que les dykes des deux zones sont contemporains et cogenetiques. Apres avoir corrige pour f ouverture du golfe de la Californie au Neogene, le paleopole pour les 19 directions moyennes est indiscernable du paleopole de reference de 94 Ma pour l'Amerique du Nord et supporte les hypotheses que : (1) les dykes sont genetiquement relies a fintrnsion des plutons de type La Posta; (2) le batholite etait deja en place le long de la cote nord-ouest du Mexique il y a 94 Ma; (3) le basculement des blocs de faille, le cote ENE vers le haut, dans la zone ouest du batholite s'est termine vers 94 Ma et (4) les paleopoles discordants, eloignes et a rotation dans le sens horaire, frequemment trouves dans les roches sedimentaires du Cretace tardif et plus jeunes de la region du batholite decoulent surtout de faplatissement de finclinaison de la remanente et (ou) de la remagnetisation par un ecoulement de fluides creant une remanente secondaire, excluant les rotations tectoniques au Neogene. [Traduit par la Redaction], Introduction The granitic pegmatite dikes of San Diego County in southwestern California have been famous for producing both rough gem material and superb crystal specimens for more than a century [...]

The shock ignition (SI) approach to inertial confinement fusion is a promising scheme for achieving energy production by nuclear fusion. SI relies on using a high intensity laser pulse (≈1016 W/cm2, with a duration of several hundred ps) at the end of the fuel compression stage. However, during laser–plasma interaction (LPI), several parametric instabilities, such as stimulated Raman scattering and two plasmon decay, nonlinearly generate hot electrons (HEs). The whole behavior of HE under SI conditions, including their generation, transport, and final absorption, is still unclear and needs further experimental investigation. This paper focuses on the development of an experimental platform for SI-related experiments, which simultaneously makes use of multiple diagnostics to characterize LPI and HE generation, transport, and energy deposition. Such diagnostics include optical spectrometers, streaked optical shadowgraph, an x-ray pinhole camera, a two-dimensional x-ray imager, a Cu Kα line spectrometer, two hot-electron spectrometers, a hard x-ray (bremsstrahlung) detector, and a streaked optical pyrometer. Diagnostics successfully operated simultaneously in single-shot mode, revealing the features of HEs under SI-relevant conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paleomagnetic results are reported from the Devonian St. Lawrence granite and the fluorite veins within the granite or its related porphyry dikes. Paleomagnetic analysis of 359 specimens from 29 sites shows that there is no statistically significant difference at 95% confidence between the site mean characteristic remanent magnetization (ChRM) directions carried by pyrrhotite and (or) magnetite of the granite and fluorite veins. No post-granite metamorphic event is known in the area. Thus, these concordant directions indicate that the granite and fluorite veins are coeval and retain a primary remanence. However, the mean ChRM direction of 25 vein and granite sites yields an Early Pennsylvanian paleopole of ~316 Ma on the North American apparent polar wander path at 35.5°N, 129.2°E (A95 = 3.4°) that is younger than the 374 ± 2 Ma Devonian U-Pb zircon age for the granite. Two intersecting vertical vein sets indicate that the St. Lawrence granite has not been tilted since mplacement of the fluorite veins. Therefore, the difference between the measured and expected paleopoles is interpreted to result from a postemplacement counterclockwise rotation of ~17° of the St. Lawrence granite region about a vertical axis. Analysis of Carboniferous paleopoles in the northern Appalachian orogen indicates the rotation at the St. Lawrence area is Late Devonian during the Acadian orogeny. Des resultats paleomagnetiques sont presentes pour le granite St. Lawrence et les filons de fluorine dans le granite ou les dykes de porphyres qui y sont associes. Une analyse paleomagnetique de 359 echantillons provenant de 29 sites montre qu'il n'y a pas de difference statistiquement significative, a un taux de confiance de 95 %, entre les directions moyennes d'aimantation remanente caracteristique << ChRM >> mesurees sur la pyrrhotite et(ou) la magnetite du granite et des filons de fluorine. Aucun evenement metamorphique post-granite n'est connu dans le secteur. Ainsi, ces directions concordantes indiquent que le granite et les filons de fluorine sont contemporains et conservent une remanence primaire. Cependant, la direction ChRM moyenne de 25 sites de granites et de filons donne un paleopole, d'environ 316 Ma, sur le chemin de derive des poles a 35,5°N, 129,2°E (A95 = 3,4°), c.-a-d. a la base du Pennsylvanien, ce qui est plus jeune que l'age U-Pb sur zircon de 374 ± 2 Ma pour le granite, c.-a-d. un age Devonien. Deux ensembles de filons s'entrecoupant indiquent que le granite St. Lawrence n'a pas ete bascule depuis l'intrusion des filons de fluorine. Donc, la difference entre les paleopoles mesures et prevus est interpretee en tant que le resultat d'une rotation de la region du granite St. Lawrence; cette rotation d'environ 17° se serait produite apres l'intrusion et dans le sens anti-horaire, autour d'un axe vertical. Une analyse des paleopoles au Carbonifere dans l'orogene des Appalaches du Nord indique que la rotation de la region du St. Lawrence s'est produite durant l'orogene acadien au Devonien tardif. [Traduit par la Redaction], Introduction Fluorite deposits are formed by various processes under different physicochemical conditions in a range of geologic settings. These deposits are mostly of two lithologic types: (1) those in sedimentary [...]

Ragged Pluton is a member of the Tungsten Plutonic Suite in the eastern Selwyn Basin. This circular massive 97 Ma granitic pluton is ~5 km in diameter. It intrudes deformed and metamorphosed clastic strata of the Neoproterozoic to Lower Cambrian Vampire Formation. Thermal and alternating field step demagnetization data for 216 specimens from 21 plutonic sites isolated a stable characteristic remanent magnetization (ChRM) direction at 20 sites of declination D = 325.9°, inclination I = 80.4° ([α.sub.95] = 2.7°, k = 142). Thermal demagnetization and saturation remanence analysis show that the ChRM is carried by both single-domain pyrrhotite and magnetite. Ragged Pluton's paleopole at 73.9°N latitude, 191.4°E longitude (dp = 5.0°, dm = 5.2°) is concordant with its co-eval 97 Ma North American reference paleopole, showing at 95% confidence that the pluton has not been significantly rotated or translated relative to North America. This paleomagnetic result favours tectonic models in which the eastern Selwyn Basin is autochthonous, or nearly so, since the mid Cretaceous. Le pluton Ragged est un membre de la suite plutonique Tungsten dans le bassin Selwyn oriental. Ce pluton granitique, circulaire et massif, datant de 97 Ma, a un diametre - 5 km. Il penetre les strates clastiques deformees et metamorphosees de la Formation de Vampire (Neoproterozoique a Cambrien inferieur). Les donnees de la desaimantation par les methodes de champ alternatif progressif et de chauffage par paliers successifs de 216 specimens provenant de 21 sites plutoniques a permis d'isoler, a 20 sites, une direction d'aimantation remanente caracteristique (<< ChRM >>) stable de declination D = 325,9° et d'inclination I = 80,4° ([α.sub.95] = 2,7°, k = 142). La demagnetisation thermique et l'analyse de la saturation remanente montrent que la ChRM est portee a la fois par la pyrrhotite et la magnetique a domaines monocristallins. Le paleopole du pluton Ragged, situe a une latitude de 73,9°N et une longitude de 191,4°E (dp = 5,0°, dm = 5,2°), concorde avec le paleopole contemporain de reference pour l'Amerique du Nord il y a 97 Ma, montrant donc, avec un degre de confiance a 95 %, que le pluton n'a pas subi de rotation ni de translation importantes par rapport a l'Amerique du Nord. Ce resultat paleomagnetique appuie les modeles tectoniques selon lesquels le bassin Selwyn est autochtone, ou presque, depuis le milieu du Cretace. [Traduit par la Redaction], Introduction The inboard portions of the northern Cordillera consist of the carbonate-dominated, Mesoproterozoic to Paleozoic Mackenzie Platform and the clastic-dominated Neoproterozoic to Paleozoic Selwyn Basin that were variably deformed in [...]