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This study aimed to determine the metal (Al, As, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) levels in the gill, liver, and muscle tissues of some fish species, water and sediment samples taken from Tercan Dam Lake (Erzincan, Turkey). Initially, some physico-chemical parameters of the water such as temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen were measured, and the relationship was determined between these parameters and the metal levels detected in the water. According to the analysis conducted on the water and the sediment, the most frequent metal was determined to be Fe. During the analyses conducted in the water, Pb and Zn metals were not detected, and all metals were detected in the sediment. It was determined that metals accumulated to a higher degree in the liver and gill tissues compared to muscle tissues. The harmfulness of the metal amounts determined in the water, sediment, and fish tissues was evaluated by comparing them to the acceptable values determined by national and international institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copper sulphate pentahydrate (CuSO4.5H2O) is commonly used as a general biocide in the agricultural fields surrounding freshwater reservoirs. So the aim of the present study was to investigate the toxic effects of CuSO4.5H2O by examining oxidative damage markers such as malondialdehyde (MDA) for lipid peroxidation and the antioxidant enzymatic defense system components (glutathione reductase (GR), glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT)) in freshwater fish Capoeta umbla (Heckel, 1843) liver, kidney and gill. In this purpose, the 96 h LC50 values (with 95% confidence limits) of CuSO4.5H2O for C. umbla was estimated as a 1.478 mg/L. Three different CuSO4.5H2O sublethal doses (0.185, 0.370 and 0.739 mg/L) were administered to C. umbla at different time intervals (12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h). Antioxidant enzyme activities and MDA levels were measured spectrophotometrically. Liver, kidney and gills samples were collected at the end of the experiment, and analysed for their oxidant-antioxidant status, including MDA level, GR, G6PD, SOD, CAT and GPx activities. Results obtained showed that CuSO4.5H2O, significantly decreased (P<0.05) the GR, G6PD and GPx activities, but increased (P<0.05) the CAT, SOD activities and MDA levels of C. umbla liver, kidney and gill tissue in a dose-dependent manner. However, CuSO4.5H2O exposure did not cause to changes significantly (P<0.05) in enzyme activities and MDA levels of C. umbla liver, kidney and gill tissue in a time-dependent manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]