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1. Consultation Liaison (CL) Psychiatry and Division of Medicine: Collaborating to Pilot a Behaviours of Concern Rapid Response Team (BoC RRT)

Author

R. Smyth, T. Wright, C. Daniel, K. Vincent, M. Konrad, B. Huang, A. Smith, K. Gregorevic, B. Cleveland, and R. Feiler

Subjects
Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract

Introduction Acute clinical deterioration in hospital inpatients can be caused by a range of factors including dementia, delirium, substance withdrawal and psychiatric disturbance, creating challenges in diagnosis, often requiring a management plan with input from multiple disciplines. Staff forums and broader literature have confirmed that healthcare staff working in non-mental health settings, may not be as skilled in recognising and managing early signs of emerging and/or escalating clinical agitation. The BoC RRT is a consultation service within the Division of Medicine and CL Psychiatry. Staffed by Medical Registrars and Mental Health Nurses, the collaboration provides a unique healthcare response to acute general wards. The BoC RRT has been implemented to address the rising number of incidences whereby staff and patient safety are compromised. Using evidence-based skills the team aimed to: respond to episodes of clinical agitation that require an internal security response, assist ward referrals by exploring biopsychosocial contributants to behaviour, develop individual patient support plans and review and reduce restrictive intervention practices. Objectives To determine if the rapid response model has influenced: - The impact on staff/patient safety - Frequency of emergency responses for aggression - Frequency of restrictive intervention use Methods This project was approved as a quality assurance project (QA2022018). The patients within scope of the BoC RRT include inpatients in medical and surgical wards. It excludes patients in Emergency Departments, mental health units, outpatient clinics, and visitors. The evaluation of the pilot has used a PDSA (Plan, Do, Study, Act) cycle when implementing new improvements. A mixed methods approach explored the impact of the BoC RRT. Staff consultation will identify challenges in responding to scenarios whereby there is risk of harm to staff and patients. Staff feedback and the emergency response data was monitored. Results In 2021, there was approx. 720 code greys per month, requiring a security response. Since the implementation of BoC RRT, these numbers have reduced to 527. Reviewing restrictive intrvention practices has identified areas for policy review and need for education. Staff consultation found that nurses were confident caring for those patients exhibiting clinical agitation associated with delirium and dementia. However, caring for people with mental health or substance use disorders were more challenging. Conclusions These interim results indicate that BoC RRT has been generally well received by clinical staff. The decline in code grey responses indicates that it is likely having a positive impact in early identification and management of clinical agitation for hospital inpatients. There is support for this response model to continue beyond the pilot phase and further area for research. Disclosure of Interest None Declared

Published
2023
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3. Evaluating the Influence of Single-Sex Secondary Agriculture Classrooms on Student Career Interests

Author

Brett M. Wasden and Stacy K. Vincent

Abstract

Single-sex classrooms have been a topic of interest in the educational community since the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001. The academic achievement gap between boys and girls in high school is a complex and multifaceted issue that has garnered significant attention in educational research. Proponents of single-sex classrooms argue that it reduces social anxiety, physical aggression, and can close the achievement gap between boys and girls. This quasi-experimental study compared students in single-sex classrooms and coeducational classrooms of ten various Principles of Agriculture courses in Kentucky, and the influence these teaching models had on students' career interests. Key findings from this experimental study included: (a) boys in single-sex classrooms ranked their interest in the agriculture, food, and natural resources career pathway the highest; (b) the classroom structure nor the sex of the students were not influential to the gain in students interest in the agriculture, food, and environment careers; (c) boys and girls in single-sex classroom structures were influenced more than their coeducational classroom colleagues in a career interest in education and training, particularly, agricultural education. Recommendations from this study include: (a) exposing boys to careers in agricultural education early in high school; (b) prepare teachers on methodologies that limit gender stereotypes within the agriculture career field; and (c) the need for study replication along with longitudinal and qualitative research.

Published
2024

4. Cyprus Women’s Health Research (COHERE) initiative: determining the relative burden of women’s health conditions and related co-morbidities in an Eastern Mediterranean population

Author

M. B. Hocaoglu, S. Gurkas, T. Karaderi, B. Taneri, K. Erguler, B. Barin, E. M. Bilgin, G. Eralp, M. Allison, N. Findikli, K. Boynukalin, M. Bahceci, H. Naci, K. Vincent, S. A. Missmer, C. M. Becker, K. T. Zondervan, and N. Rahmioglu

Subjects
Benign women’s health conditions, Prevalence, Endometriosis, Uterine fibroids, PCOS, Chronic pain conditions, Gynecology and obstetrics, RG1-991, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Abstract Background There is lack of population level data on prevalence and distribution of common benign women’s health conditions such as endometriosis, uterine fibroids, polycystic ovary syndrome from the Eastern Mediterranean region despite their significant consequences on quality of life. In particular, there is complete absence of any health statistics from Northern Cyprus, which is an emerging region in Europe. The Cyprus Women’s Health Research (COHERE) Initiative is the first large-scale cross-sectional study in the region, aiming to determine the relative burden of benign women’s health conditions and related co-morbidities in women living in Northern Cyprus. Methods The COHERE Initiative is a cross-sectional study aiming to recruit 8000 women aged 18–55 years and residing for at least the past 5 years in Northern Cyprus. The study is composed of two main steps: (1) Baseline recruitment, including (i) completion of a detailed health questionnaire, which is an expanded version of the World Endometriosis Research Foundation (WERF) Endometriosis Phenome Harmonisation Project (EPHect) standardised questionnaire, including questions on demographics, menstrual history, hormone use, pregnancy, pain (pelvic pain, bladder and bowel pain, migraine), medical history, family history of illnesses, medication use, life-style factors in relation to a wide range of reproductive and endocrine conditions, resource use (ii) measurement of weight, height, waist/hip circumference and blood pressure, (iii) collection of saliva samples for genotyping. (2) Gynaecology clinic follow up, including a pelvic ultrasound scan (USS). There is also a follow-up food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) targeted to all women taking part in the baseline recruitment with an aim to collect more detailed data on dietary habits. Discussion The COHERE Initiative will generate prevalence rates for conditions, define the clinical profiles for women’s health conditions, and estimate the economic burden of these conditions in Northern Cyprus. The results will also provide insights into the current status of health-care among women living in a currently under-investigated region. The genetic findings will inform future gene mapping studies for investigation of the heritable component of conditions in this population/region. Moreover, the results will be compared with other centres collecting data using EPHect tools globally and will help determine population differences and similarities in disease patterns and clinical profiles. The COHERE Initiative will serve as a resource to conduct hypothesis-driven follow-up studies investigating effect of the ‘Mediterranean life-style’ as well as genetic factors on common benign women’s health conditions that maybe specific to Eastern Mediterranean populations.

Published
2019
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5. Acid gases and aerosol measurements in the UK (1999–2015): regional distributions and trends

Author

Y. S. Tang, C. F. Braban, U. Dragosits, I. Simmons, D. Leaver, N. van Dijk, J. Poskitt, S. Thacker, M. Patel, H. Carter, M. G. Pereira, P. O. Keenan, A. Lawlor, C. Conolly, K. Vincent, M. R. Heal, and M. A. Sutton

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

The UK Acid Gases and Aerosol Monitoring Network (AGANet) was established in 1999 (12 sites, increased to 30 sites from 2006), to provide long-term national monitoring of acid gases (HNO3, SO2, HCl) and aerosol components (NO3−, SO42−, Cl−, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+). An extension of a low-cost denuder-filter pack system (DELTA) that is used to measure NH3 and NH4+ in the UK National Ammonia Monitoring Network (NAMN) provides additional monthly speciated measurements for the AGANet. A comparison of the monthly DELTA measurement with averaged daily results from an annular denuder system showed close agreement, while the sum of HNO3 and NO3− and the sum of NH3 and NH4+ from the DELTA are also consistent with previous filter pack determination of total inorganic nitrogen and total inorganic ammonium, respectively. With the exception of SO2 and SO42−, the AGANet provides, for the first time, the UK concentration fields and seasonal cycles for each of the other measured species. The largest concentrations of HNO3, SO2, and aerosol NO3− and SO42− are found in southern and eastern England and smallest in western Scotland and Northern Ireland, whereas HCl are highest in south-eastern, south-western, and central England, that may be attributed to dual contribution from anthropogenic (coal combustion) and marine sources (reaction of sea salt with acid gases to form HCl). Na+ and Cl− are spatially correlated, with largest concentrations at coastal sites, reflecting a contribution from sea salt. Temporally, peak concentrations in HNO3 occurred in late winter and early spring attributed to photochemical processes. NO3− and SO42− have a spring maxima that coincides with the peak in concentrations of NH3 and NH4+, and are therefore likely attributable to formation of NH4NO3 and (NH4)2SO4 from reaction with higher concentrations of NH3 in spring. By contrast, peak concentrations of SO2, Na+, and Cl− during winter are consistent with combustion sources for SO2 and marine sources in winter for sea salt aerosol. Key pollutant events were captured by the AGANet. In 2003, a spring episode with elevated concentrations of HNO3 and NO3− was driven by meteorology and transboundary transport of NH4NO3 from Europe. A second, but smaller episode occurred in September 2014, with elevated concentrations of SO2, HNO3, SO42−, NO3−, and NH4+ that was shown to be from the Icelandic Holuhraun volcanic eruptions. Since 1999, AGANet has shown substantial decrease in SO2 concentrations relative to HNO3 and NH3, consistent with estimated decline in UK emissions. At the same time, large reductions and changes in the aerosol components provide evidence of a shift in the particulate phase from (NH4)2SO4 to NH4NO3. The potential for NH4NO3 to release NH3 and HNO3 in warm weather, together with the surfeit of NH3 also means that a larger fraction of the reduced and oxidized N is remaining in the gas phase as NH3 and HNO3 as indicated by the increasing trend in ratios of NH3 : NH4+ and HNO3 : NO3− over the 16-year period. Due to different removal rates of the component species by wet and dry deposition, this change is expected to affect spatial patterns of pollutant deposition with consequences for sensitive habitats with exceedance of critical loads of acidity and eutrophication. The changes are also relevant for human health effects assessment, particularly in urban areas as NH4NO3 constitutes a significant fraction of fine particulate matter (

Published
2018
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6. Drivers for spatial, temporal and long-term trends in atmospheric ammonia and ammonium in the UK

Author

Y. S. Tang, C. F. Braban, U. Dragosits, A. J. Dore, I. Simmons, N. van Dijk, J. Poskitt, G. Dos Santos Pereira, P. O. Keenan, C. Conolly, K. Vincent, R. I. Smith, M. R. Heal, and M. A. Sutton

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

A unique long-term dataset from the UK National Ammonia Monitoring Network (NAMN) is used here to assess spatial, seasonal and long-term variability in atmospheric ammonia (NH3: 1998–2014) and particulate ammonium (NH4+: 1999–2014) across the UK. Extensive spatial heterogeneity in NH3 concentrations is observed, with lowest annual mean concentrations at remote sites (−3) and highest in the areas with intensive agriculture (up to 22 µg m−3), while NH4+ concentrations show less spatial variability (e.g. range of 0.14 to 1.8 µg m−3 annual mean in 2005). Temporally, NH3 concentrations are influenced by environmental conditions and local emission sources. In particular, peak NH3 concentrations are observed in summer at background sites (defined by 5 km grid average NH3 emissions −1 yr−1) and in areas dominated by sheep farming, driven by increased volatilization of NH3 in warmer summer temperatures. In areas where cattle, pig and poultry farming is dominant, the largest NH3 concentrations are in spring and autumn, matching periods of manure application to fields. By contrast, peak concentrations of NH4+ aerosol occur in spring, associated with long-range transboundary sources. An estimated decrease in NH3 emissions by 16 % between 1998 and 2014 was reported by the UK National Atmospheric Emissions Inventory. Annually averaged NH3 data from NAMN sites operational over the same period (n = 59) show an indicative downward trend, although the reduction in NH3 concentrations is smaller and non-significant: Mann–Kendall (MK), −6.3 %; linear regression (LR), −3.1 %. In areas dominated by pig and poultry farming, a significant reduction in NH3 concentrations between 1998 and 2014 (MK: −22 %; LR: −21 %, annually averaged NH3) is consistent with, but not as large as the decrease in estimated NH3 emissions from this sector over the same period (−39 %). By contrast, in cattle-dominated areas there is a slight upward trend (non-significant) in NH3 concentrations (MK: +12 %; LR: +3.6 %, annually averaged NH3), despite the estimated decline in NH3 emissions from this sector since 1998 (−11 %). At background and sheep-dominated sites, NH3 concentrations increased over the monitoring period. These increases (non-significant) at background (MK: +17 %; LR: +13 %, annually averaged data) and sheep-dominated sites (MK: +15 %; LR: +19 %, annually averaged data) would be consistent with the concomitant reduction in SO2 emissions over the same period, leading to a longer atmospheric lifetime of NH3, thereby increasing NH3 concentrations in remote areas. The observations for NH3 concentrations not decreasing as fast as estimated emission trends are consistent with a larger downward trend in annual particulate NH4+ concentrations (1999–2014: MK: −47 %; LR: −49 %, p n = 23), associated with a lower formation of particulate NH4+ in the atmosphere from gas phase NH3.

Published
2018
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7. Fast Friends: A Quasi-Experimental Design among Two Racially Diverse Student Populations

Author

Stacy K. Vincent, Tiffany C. Monroe, and Brett M. Wasden

Abstract

This exploratory study sought to determine if the Fast Friend intervention (Aron, Melinat, Aron, Vallone, & Bator, 1997) improve racial cognizance of cross-group dyads. Data were collected from freshmen (n=34) enrolled in a college of agriculture. The treatment and control groups included cross-group, same-sex, dyads composed of African American students and Caucasian students. In this quasi-experimental, nonequivalent comparison group, descriptive statistics revealed both the treatment and control participants failed to establish a difference between pretest/posttest and between control/treatment participants in Implicit Theory of Intelligence Scale, Color Blind Racial Attitude Scale, and Communal Orientation Scale. However, results did indicate significance in the Collective Self-Esteem Scale among treatment group participants and control group participants overtime. At the end of the study, a significant difference existed as treatment participants were more adaptive while the control were more maladaptive. Results indicate that engaged conversations among interracial groups over a short period of time, does not have large impacts on cognizance, but makes substantial differences among perception of whom they feel comfortable talking to. Further research should be conducted to establish interventions that measure racial cognizance through longitudinal studies, cross-institutional studies, and an increase quantity of participants.

Published
2023

8. The Vulnerability, Impacts, Adaptation and Climate Services Advisory Board (VIACS AB v1.0) contribution to CMIP6

Author

A. C. Ruane, C. Teichmann, N. W. Arnell, T. R. Carter, K. L. Ebi, K. Frieler, C. M. Goodess, B. Hewitson, R. Horton, R. S. Kovats, H. K. Lotze, L. O. Mearns, A. Navarra, D. S. Ojima, K. Riahi, C. Rosenzweig, M. Themessl, and K. Vincent

Subjects
Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract

This paper describes the motivation for the creation of the Vulnerability, Impacts, Adaptation and Climate Services (VIACS) Advisory Board for the Sixth Phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6), its initial activities, and its plans to serve as a bridge between climate change applications experts and climate modelers. The climate change application community comprises researchers and other specialists who use climate information (alongside socioeconomic and other environmental information) to analyze vulnerability, impacts, and adaptation of natural systems and society in relation to past, ongoing, and projected future climate change. Much of this activity is directed toward the co-development of information needed by decision-makers for managing projected risks. CMIP6 provides a unique opportunity to facilitate a two-way dialog between climate modelers and VIACS experts who are looking to apply CMIP6 results for a wide array of research and climate services objectives. The VIACS Advisory Board convenes leaders of major impact sectors, international programs, and climate services to solicit community feedback that increases the applications relevance of the CMIP6-Endorsed Model Intercomparison Projects (MIPs). As an illustration of its potential, the VIACS community provided CMIP6 leadership with a list of prioritized climate model variables and MIP experiments of the greatest interest to the climate model applications community, indicating the applicability and societal relevance of climate model simulation outputs. The VIACS Advisory Board also recommended an impacts version of Obs4MIPs and indicated user needs for the gridding and processing of model output.

Published
2016
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9. Impacts of the 2014–2015 Holuhraun eruption on the UK atmosphere

Author

M. M. Twigg, E. Ilyinskaya, S. Beccaceci, D. C. Green, M. R. Jones, B. Langford, S. R. Leeson, J. J. N. Lingard, G. M. Pereira, H. Carter, J. Poskitt, A. Richter, S. Ritchie, I. Simmons, R. I. Smith, Y. S. Tang, N. Van Dijk, K. Vincent, E. Nemitz, M. Vieno, and C. F. Braban

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

Volcanic emissions, specifically from Iceland, pose a pan-European risk and are on the UK National Risk Register due to potential impacts on aviation, public health, agriculture, the environment and the economy, from both effusive and explosive activity. During the 2014–2015 fissure eruption at Holuhraun in Iceland, the UK atmosphere was significantly perturbed. This study focuses one major incursion in September 2014, affecting the surface concentrations of both aerosols and gases across the UK, with sites in Scotland experiencing the highest sulfur dioxide (SO2) concentrations. The perturbation event observed was confirmed to originate from the fissure eruption using satellite data from GOME2B and the chemical transport model, EMEP4UK, which was used to establish the spatial distribution of the plume over the UK during the event of interest. At the two UK European Monitoring and Evaluation Program (EMEP) supersite observatories (Auchencorth Moss, SE Scotland, and Harwell, SE England) significant alterations in sulfate (SO42−) content of PM10 and PM2.5 during this event, concurrently with evidence of an increase in ultrafine aerosol most likely due to nucleation and growth of aerosol within the plume, were observed. At Auchencorth Moss, higher hydrochloric acid (HCl) concentrations during the September event (max = 1.21 µg m−3, cf. annual average 0.12 µg m−3 in 2013), were assessed to be due to acid displacement of chloride (Cl−) from sea salt (NaCl) to form HCl gas rather than due to primary emissions of HCl from Holuhraun. The gas and aerosol partitioning at Auchencorth Moss of inorganic species by thermodynamic modelling confirmed the observed partitioning of HCl. Using the data from the chemical thermodynamic model, ISORROPIA-II, there is evidence that the background aerosol, which is typically basic at this site, became acidic with an estimated pH of 3.8 during the peak of the event.Volcano plume episodes were periodically observed by the majority of the UK air quality monitoring networks during the first 4 months of the eruption (August–December 2014), at both hourly and monthly resolution. In the low-resolution networks, which provide monthly SO2 averages, concentrations were found to be significantly elevated at remote “clean” sites in NE Scotland and SW England, with record-high SO2 concentrations for some sites in September 2014. For sites which are regularly influenced by anthropogenic emissions, taking into account the underlying trends, the eruption led to statistically unremarkable SO2 concentrations (return probabilities > 0.1, ∼ 10 months). However, for a few sites, SO2 concentrations were clearly much higher than has been previously observed (return probability 3000 months). The Holuhraun Icelandic eruption has resulted in a unique study providing direct evidence of atmospheric chemistry perturbation of both gases and aerosols in the UK background atmosphere. The measurements can be used to both challenge and verify existing atmospheric chemistry of volcano plumes, especially those originating from effusive eruptions, which have been underexplored due to limited observations available in the literature. If all European data sets were collated this would allow improved model verification and risk assessments for future volcanic eruptions of this type.

Published
2016
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10. Continuous measurements of greenhouse gases and atmospheric oxygen at the Namib Desert Atmospheric Observatory

Author

E. J. Morgan, J. V. Lavrič, T. Seifert, T. Chicoine, A. Day, J. Gomez, R. Logan, J. Sack, T. Shuuya, E. G. Uushona, K. Vincent, U. Schultz, E.-G. Brunke, C. Labuschagne, R. L. Thompson, S. Schmidt, A. C. Manning, and M. Heimann

Subjects
Environmental engineering, TA170-171, Earthwork. Foundations, TA715-787
Abstract

A new coastal background site has been established for observations of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the central Namib Desert at Gobabeb, Namibia. The location of the site was chosen to provide observations for a data-poor region in the global sampling network for GHGs. Semi-automated continuous measurements of carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, carbon monoxide, atmospheric oxygen, and basic meteorology are made at a height of 21 m a.g.l., 50 km from the coast at the northern border of the Namib Sand Sea. Atmospheric oxygen is measured with a differential fuel cell analyzer (DFCA). Carbon dioxide and methane are measured with an early-model cavity ring-down spectrometer (CRDS); nitrous oxide and carbon monoxide are measured with an off-axis integrated cavity output spectrometer (OA-ICOS). Instrument-specific water corrections are employed for both the CRDS and OA-ICOS instruments in lieu of drying. The performance and measurement uncertainties are discussed in detail. As the station is located in a remote desert environment, there are some particular challenges, namely fine dust, high diurnal temperature variability, and minimal infrastructure. The gas handling system and calibration scheme were tailored to best fit the conditions of the site. The CRDS and DFCA provide data of acceptable quality when base requirements for operation are met, specifically adequate temperature control in the laboratory and regular supply of electricity. In the case of the OA-ICOS instrument, performance is significantly improved through the implementation of a drift correction through frequent measurements of a reference cylinder.

Published
2015
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11. Evaluating the Multidimensional Attitudes of Post-Secondary Agricultural Education Students toward Lesbian and Gay Identities

Author

Eric M. Moser, Stacy K. Vincent, Kirby J. Schmidt, Jason Headrick, Matthew J. Wood, and Garrett M. Steede

Abstract

Heterosexism, the belief that heterosexual identities are superior to homosexual identities, is deeply embedded in educational institutions, including school-based agricultural education (SBAE). Negligible research exists developing impactful practices for queer students in SBAE programs. This study sought to describe the attitudes of post-secondary agricultural education students toward lesbian and gay identities to identify potential barriers to the inclusion of queer students in SBAE. A total of 119 students from 21 higher education institutions across 12 states completed the Multidimensional Scale of Attitudes Toward Lesbians and Gay Men. The questionnaire evaluated attitudes related to rejection of proximity, pathologizing of homosexuality, modern heterosexism, and support. Findings from this study reveal students are relatively supportive of lesbian and gay individuals, but do not challenge heterosexist beliefs. Recommendations include further qualitative and intersectional investigations, greater curricular inclusion of queer experiences, and providing opportunities to challenge homophobic and heterosexist group norms.

Published
2024

12. Preventing Osteoarthritis After an Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: An Osteoarthritis Action Alliance Consensus Statement

Author

Jeffrey B Driban, Heather K Vincent, Thomas H Trojian, Kirsten R Ambrose, Shelby Baez, Nicholas Beresic, David J Berkoff, Leigh F Callahan, Bruce Cohen, Madison Franek, Yvonne M Golightly, Matthew Harkey, Christopher M Kuenze, Mary Catherine Minnig, Ali Mobasheri, Adam Naylor, Connie B Newman, Darin A Padua, Brian Pietrosimone, Daniel Pinto, Hayley Root, Matthew Salzler, Laura C Schmitt, Lynn Snyder-Mackler, Jeffrey B Taylor, Louise M Thoma, Kevin R Vincent, Elizabeth Wellsandt, and Monette Williams

Subjects
Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, General Medicine
Abstract

After an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, people need secondary prevention strategies to identify osteoarthritis at its earliest stages so that interventions can be implemented to halt or slow the progression toward its long-term burden. The Osteoarthritis Action Alliance formed an interdisciplinary Secondary Prevention Task Group to develop a consensus on recommendations to provide clinicians with secondary prevention strategies that are intended to reduce the risk of osteoarthritis after a person has an ACL injury. The group achieved consensus on 15 out of 16 recommendations that address patient education, exercise and rehabilitation, psychological skills training, graded-exposure therapy, cognitive-behavioral counseling (lacked consensus), outcomes to monitor, secondary injury prevention, system-level social support, leveraging technology, and coordinated care models. We hope this statement raises awareness among clinicians and researchers on the importance of taking steps to mitigate the risk of osteoarthritis after an ACL injury.

Published
2023
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13. Crowding-Induced Spatial Organization of Gene Expression in Cell-Sized Vesicles

Author

Gaurav Chauhan, S. Elizabeth Norred, Rosemary M. Dabbs, Patrick M. Caveney, John K. Vincent George, C. Patrick Collier, Michael L. Simpson, and Steven M. Abel

Subjects
Diffusion, Macromolecular Substances, Biomedical Engineering, Proteins, Gene Expression, RNA, Messenger, General Medicine, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous)
Abstract

Cell-free protein synthesis is an important tool for studying gene expression and harnessing it for applications. In cells, gene expression is regulated in part by the spatial organization of transcription and translation. Unfortunately, current cell-free approaches are unable to control the organization of molecular components needed for gene expression, which limits the ability to probe and utilize its effects. Here, we show, using complementary computational and experimental approaches, that macromolecular crowding can be used to control the spatial organization and translational efficiency of gene expression in cell-sized vesicles. Computer simulations and imaging experiments reveal that, as crowding is increased, DNA plasmids become localized at the inner surface of vesicles. Ribosomes, in contrast, remain uniformly distributed, demonstrating that crowding can be used to differentially organize components of gene expression. We further carried out cell-free protein synthesis reactions in cell-sized vesicles and quantified mRNA and protein abundance. At sufficiently high levels of crowding, we observed localization of mRNA near vesicle surfaces, a decrease in translational efficiency and protein abundance, and anomalous scaling of protein abundance as a function of vesicle size. These results are consistent with high levels of crowding causing altered spatial organization and slower diffusion. Our work demonstrates a straightforward way to control the organization of gene expression in cell-sized vesicles and provides insight into the spatial regulation of gene expression in cells.

Published
2022
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14. Preventive effect of tacrolimus on patients with post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis

Author

Harshavardhan Rao B., Paul K. Vincent, Priya Nair, Anoop K. Koshy, and Rama P. Venu

Subjects
Gastroenterology, Medicine (miscellaneous), Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging
Abstract

Background/Aims: In patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), calcineurin activates zymogen, which results in pancreatitis. In this study, we aimed to determine the efficacy of tacrolimus, a calcineurin inhibitor, in preventing post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP).Methods: This was a prospective pilot study in which patients who underwent ERCP received tacrolimus (4 mg in two divided doses); this was the Tac group. A contemporaneous cohort of patients was included as a control group. All patients were followed-up for PEP. PEP was characterized by worsening abdominal pain with an acute onset, elevated pancreatic enzymes, and a duration of hospital stay of more than 48 hours. Serum tacrolimus levels were measured immediately before the procedure in the Tac group.Results: There were no differences in the baseline characteristics between the Tac group (n=48) and the control group (n=51). Only four out of 48 patients (8.3%) had PEP in the Tac group compared to eight out of 51 patients (15.7%) who had PEP in the control group. The mean trough tacrolimus level in patients who developed PEP was significantly lower (p

Published
2022
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17. Healthy Running Habits for the Distance Runner: Clinical Utility of the American College of Sports Medicine Infographic

Author

Heather K. Vincent and Kevin R. Vincent

Subjects
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, General Medicine
Abstract

Healthy running form is characterized by motion that minimizes mechanical musculoskeletal injury risks and improves coactivation of muscles that can buffer impact loading and reduce stresses related to chronic musculoskeletal pain. The American College of Sports Medicine Consumer Outreach Committee recently launched an infographic that describes several healthy habits for the general distance runner. This review provides the supporting evidence, expected acute motion changes with use, and practical considerations for clinical use in patient cases. Healthy habits include: taking short, quick, and soft steps; abdominal bracing; elevating cadence; linearizing arm swing; controlling forward trunk lean, and; avoiding running through fatigue. Introduction of these habits can be done sequentially one at a time to build on form, or more than one over time. Adoption can be supported by various feedback forms and cueing. These habits are most successful against injury when coupled with regular dynamic strengthening of the kinetic chain, adequate recovery with training, and appropriate shoe wear.

Published
2022

20. Anxiety state impact on recovery of runners with lower extremity injuries

Author

Aimee Madsen, Sharareh Sharififar, Jordan Oberhaus, Kevin R. Vincent, and Heather K. Vincent

Subjects
Multidisciplinary, Lower Extremity, Humans, Prospective Studies, Anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, Bone Plates
Abstract

This prospective cohort study examined the impact of high anxiety levels on psychological state and gait performance during recovery in runners with lower body injuries. Recreational runners diagnosed with lower body injuries who had reduced running volume (N = 41) were stratified into groups using State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) scores: high anxiety (H-Anx; STAI ≥40 points) and low anxiety (L-Anx; STAI

Published
2022

21. Landsat 8 monitoring of multi-depth suspended sediment concentrations in Lake Erie’s Maumee River using machine learning

Author

Robert K. Vincent, James E. Evans, Anita Simic Milas, and Matthew D. Larson

Subjects
Hydrology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Satellite remote sensing, 0211 other engineering and technologies, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Sediment, Environmental science, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Sediment concentration, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Satellite remote sensing has been widely used to map suspended sediment concentration (SSC) in waterbodies. However, due to the complexity of sediment-water interactions, it has been difficult to d...

Published
2021
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22. Evaluating pixel-based vs. object-based image analysis approaches for lithological discrimination using VNIR data of WorldView-3

Author

Robert K. Vincent, Majid H. Tangestani, Samira Shayeganpour, and Saeid Homayouni

Subjects
Artifact (error), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Pixel, Confusion matrix, Terrain, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Object (computer science), 01 natural sciences, VNIR, Support vector machine, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Satellite imagery, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing
Abstract

The object-based against pixel-based image analysis approaches were assessed for lithological mapping in a geologically complex terrain using Visible Near Infrared (VNIR) bands of WorldView-3 (WV-3) satellite imagery. The study area is Hormuz Island, southern Iran, a salt dome composed of dominant sedimentary and igneous rocks. When performing the object-based image analysis (OBIA) approach, the textural and spectral characteristics of lithological features were analyzed by the use of support vector machine (SVM) algorithm. However, in the pixel-based image analysis (PBIA), the spectra of lithological end-members, extracted from imagery, were used through the spectral angle mapper (SAM) method. Several test samples were used in a confusion matrix to assess the accuracy of classification methods quantitatively. Results showed that OBIA was capable of lithological mapping with an overall accuracy of 86.54% which was 19.33% greater than the accuracy of PBIA. OBIA also reduced the salt-and-pepper artifact pixels and produced a more realistic map with sharper lithological borders. This research showed limitations of pixel-based method due to relying merely on the spectral characteristics of rock types when applied to high-spatial-resolution VNIR bands of WorldView-3 imagery. It is concluded that the application of an object-based image analysis approach obtains a more accurate lithological classification when compared to a pixel-based image analysis algorithm.

Published
2021
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25. Impact of COVID on Sports Injury Patterns, Changes in Mental Well-Being, and Strategies to Prepare for Future Pandemics in Sport

Author

Heather K. Vincent, Shammi Patel, and Jason L. Zaremski

Subjects
Mental Health, Adolescent, Athletes, SARS-CoV-2, Athletic Injuries, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, COVID-19, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, General Medicine, Pandemics, Sports
Abstract

This review describes the available evidence of the acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, referred to COVID-19) pandemic on musculoskeletal injury patterns and prevalence in athletes. A brief overview of the epidemiology of COVID-19 and prevalence in active populations from youth through professional are provided. Responses to COVID-19 regarding sport participation at regional, national, and international organizations are summarized. Downstream effects of complete or partial training shutdown on injury risk and mental health are discussed. Strategies to maintain athletic potential and overall well-being include maintaining safe access to training facilities and resources, implementation of injury prevention programs, organization of athlete support networks, and incorporation of resilience and coping training.

Published
2022

26. Antiviral efficacy of personal care formulations against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2

Author

Carol K. Vincent, Sayandip Mukherjee, Harshinie W. Jayasekera, and Ashish Shrikant Yekhe

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Alcohol-based sanitizers, Hand Sanitizers, viruses, media_common.quotation_subject, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), 030231 tropical medicine, Psychological intervention, Soaps, Antiviral Agents, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Hand sanitizer, Hygiene, Humans, Medicine, skin and connective tissue diseases, Intensive care medicine, General Nursing, 030304 developmental biology, media_common, Proper hand, 0303 health sciences, Personal care, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, Public health, fungi, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, COVID-19, body regions, Infectious Diseases, Alcohols, Virus Inactivation, Handwashes, business, Viral load, Research Paper, Hand Disinfection
Abstract

Background Non-therapeutic interventions such as practicing good hand hygiene continue to be the mainstay of protection from SARS-CoV-2 and other emerging respiratory viruses. Methods We have evaluated a range of commercially available personal care products including soaps, handwash liquids and alcohol-based hand sanitizers for antiviral efficacy against a clinical isolate of SARS-CoV-2 using internationally accepted standardized protocols at user-relevant contact time-points and product dilutions. Results All the tested products resulted in 3 to 4 log reduction of SARS-CoV-2 titer. Conclusion Our data re-affirms recommendations by global public health authorities that proper hand hygiene can reduce SARS-CoV-2 viral load significantly which should likely limit spread of the contagion.

Published
2021
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27. Concentric and Eccentric Resistance Training Comparison on Physical Function and Functional Pain Outcomes in Knee Osteoarthritis

Author

Heather K. Vincent and Kevin R. Vincent

Subjects
Male, 030506 rehabilitation, medicine.medical_specialty, education, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Osteoarthritis, Physical function, Concentric, law.invention, Disability Evaluation, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Randomized controlled trial, law, medicine, Humans, Eccentric, Single-Blind Method, Aged, Pain Measurement, Aged, 80 and over, business.industry, Rehabilitation, Resistance training, Resistance Training, Middle Aged, Osteoarthritis, Knee, medicine.disease, Gait, Ambulatory, Female, 0305 other medical science, business, human activities, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

The aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of concentrically focused resistance training to eccentrically focused resistance training on physical function and functional pain in knee osteoarthritis.This is a randomized, single-blinded controlled 4-mo trial. Older adults with knee osteoarthritis (N = 88; 68.3 ± 6.4 yrs, 30.4 ± 6.9 kg/m, and 67.4% women) were randomized to eccentrically focused resistance training, concentrically focused resistance training, or no-exercise control. Main outcomes included chair rise time, stair climb time, 6-min walk test distance, temporal-spatial parameters of gait, community ambulation, and functional pain.Leg muscle strength improved in both training groups compared with no-exercise control. There were no significant group × time interactions for any functional performance score (chair rise time, stair climb time, 6-min walk test distance, gait parameters, community ambulation). Compared with no-exercise control, functional pain scores were reduced for chair rise (-38.6% concentrically focused resistance training, -50.3% eccentrically focused resistance training vs. +10.0%) and stair climb (-51.6% concentrically focused resistance training, -41.3% eccentrically focused resistance training vs. +80.7%; all P0.05). Pain scores were reduced during the 6-min walk and in early recovery with concentrically focused resistance training compared with the remaining two groups (P0.05).Either resistance exercise type improves activity-related knee osteoarthritis pain, but concentrically focused resistance training more effectively reduced severity of ambulatory pain and pain upon walking cessation.

Published
2020
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30. Impact of Body Mass Index on Biomechanics of Recreational Runners

Author

Michelle L. Bruner, Cong Chen, Jack E. Kilgore, Heather K. Vincent, MaryBeth Horodyski, and Kevin R. Vincent

Subjects
Adult, Male, 030506 rehabilitation, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Body Mass Index, Running, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, medicine, Obese group, Humans, Ground reaction force, education, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Rehabilitation, Biomechanics, medicine.disease, Obesity, Sagittal plane, Biomechanical Phenomena, medicine.anatomical_structure, Neurology, Case-Control Studies, Exercise Test, Musculoskeletal injury, Female, Neurology (clinical), 0305 other medical science, business, human activities, Body mass index, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

BACKGROUND Some recreational runners with obesity successfully train or compete without musculoskeletal injury. Insight into the key kinetic strategies of injury-free heavier runners is necessary to appropriately guide development of safe training programs for this population. OBJECTIVE To determine key biomechanical strategies of running in individuals with body mass index (BMI) values above and equal to and higher than 30 kg/m2 . DESIGN This was a case-control study. PARTICIPANTS Runners with obesity (n =18; 42.7 years, 38.9% women) who were matched by sex, age, footstrike type, footwear characteristics, and running speed with healthy runners (n = 36; 41.7 years, 32.5% women). SETTING Research laboratory affiliated with an academic medical center. METHODS A seven-camera optical motion analysis system was used to capture running kinematics and an instrumented treadmill captured kinetic data. MAIN OUTCOMES Main outcomes were temporal spatial parameters, joint excursions, peak ground reaction forces (GRFs), joint moments, vertical average loading rate (VALR), impulses, and vertical stiffness (Kvert ). RESULTS Runners with obesity demonstrated 15% less vertical excursion of the center of mass, 18% wider strides, and 3% longer stance times than nonobese runners (P

Published
2020
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31. Principles for a pedagogy of unlearning

Author

S Thakchoe, Mary Ann Hunter, AJ Baltra-Ulloa, Kim McLeod, Abbey MacDonald, and K Vincent

Subjects
03 medical and health sciences, Philosophy, 030504 nursing, Reflective practice, 05 social sciences, Pedagogy, 050301 education, Professional practice, Sociology, Dimension (data warehouse), 0305 other medical science, 0503 education
Abstract

In this article we make the case that ‘unlearning’ is an important dimension of professional reflective practice that can offer new insights when done collaboratively. We do so as an interdisciplin...

Published
2020
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32. Editorial: Response to 'ROPS Are Not Homemade'

Author

Wayne T. Sanderson, A. Preston Byrd, Stacy K. Vincent, and Joan Mazur

Subjects
Adolescent, Equipment Safety, business.industry, Liability, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Agricultural education, Service-learning, Human factors and ergonomics, Poison control, Agriculture, Public relations, Suicide prevention, Occupational safety and health, Political science, Injury prevention, Accidents, Occupational, Humans, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, business
Abstract

We are writing in response to the editorial “ROPS Are Not Homemade” by W. E. Field, R. Tormoehlen, S. Ehlers, C. Cheng, A. Talbert, G. Deboy, D. Haberlin, and C. V. Schwab, which was published in the July 2019 issue of the Journal of Agricultural Safety and Health (Field et al., 2019). The editorial warns secondary school teachers and FFA advisors about the potential liability of fabricating and installing low-cost rollover protective structures (ROPS) as service learning projects for agricultural education students. The apparent intent of the editorial is to discourage teachers and advisors from carrying out such projects. We wish to present arguments as to why these are actually highly beneficial projects to undertake, and perhaps one of our best hopes for significantly reducing the number of tractor overturn injuries and fatalities by directly involving our nation’s youth. Keywords: Homemade ROPS, ROPS, Tractor overturns.

Published
2020
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33. Management of infected shoulder arthroplasty: a comparison of treatment strategies

Author

Kevin W. Farmer, Thomas W. Wright, Joseph J. King, Aimee M. Struk, Matthew Patrick, and Heather K. Vincent

Subjects
Male, Reoperation, medicine.medical_specialty, Prosthesis-Related Infections, medicine.medical_treatment, Elbow, Periprosthetic, Reverse shoulder, 03 medical and health sciences, Postoperative Complications, 0302 clinical medicine, Recurrence, Shoulder Pain, medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Range of Motion, Articular, Aged, Retrospective Studies, 030222 orthopedics, Shoulder Joint, business.industry, Outcome measures, Shoulder Prosthesis, 030229 sport sciences, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Laboratory results, Arthroplasty, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Surgery, medicine.anatomical_structure, Arthroplasty, Replacement, Shoulder, Treatment strategy, Female, Hemiarthroplasty, business, Range of motion
Abstract

Background The study purpose was to determine whether 2-stage revision procedures result in superior outcomes and whether reverse shoulder arthroplasty produced superior outcomes to hemiarthroplasty or anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty at the time of reimplantation. Methods Our prospectively collected database was retrospectively reviewed for all surgically treated infected shoulder arthroplasties between 2006 and 2014. We included 47 patients in this study: 27 underwent a 2-stage revision, and 20 were treated with an antibiotic spacer as definitive treatment. Preoperative laboratory results, intraoperative cultures and pathology findings, recurrence of infection, complications, and outcome measures were compared between treatment groups. Results A recurrent infection developed in 3 patients in the antibiotic spacer group and 2 patients in the 2-stage revision group ( P = .25). A total of 20 procedure-related complications and 11 medical complications occurred between the 2 groups; however, there was no statistically significant difference between groups. The 2-stage group had statistically significantly better Constant scores (58.1 vs. 33.3, P = .04) and elevation (94.4° vs. 48.6°, P = .02) than the antibiotic spacer group. Subanalysis of the 2-stage revision group showed that reverse total shoulder arthroplasties had statistically superior Shoulder Pain and Disability Index, Simple Shoulder Test, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons, University of California at Los Angeles, and Constant scores; elevation; and abduction compared with hemiarthroplasties or anatomic total shoulder arthroplasties. Conclusion Two-stage revision procedures and use of an antibiotic spacer for definitive management of periprosthetic shoulder infections appear to be similar and effective in eradicating infections. Two-stage revisions using a reverse total shoulder arthroplasty at the time of reimplantation generate superior range of motion and functional outcome scores.

Published
2019
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34. Eccentric and Concentric Resistance Exercise Comparison for Knee Osteoarthritis

Author

Cindy Montero, Terrie Vasilopoulos, Heather K. Vincent, and Kevin R. Vincent

Subjects
Male, musculoskeletal diseases, medicine.medical_specialty, WOMAC, Weight Lifting, Strength training, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Osteoarthritis, Article, Body Mass Index, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, medicine, Humans, Eccentric, Knee, Single-Blind Method, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Muscle Strength, Leg press, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Leg, business.industry, Resistance Training, 030229 sport sciences, Middle Aged, Osteoarthritis, Knee, medicine.disease, Exercise Therapy, Body Composition, Physical therapy, Feasibility Studies, Patient Compliance, Female, medicine.symptom, business, Body mass index, Muscle contraction
Abstract

INTRODUCTION This study aimed to compare the efficacy of eccentrically focused resistance exercise (ECC RT) to concentrically focused resistance exercise (CNC RT) on knee osteoarthritis (OA) symptoms and strength. METHODS Ninety participants consented. Participants were randomized to CNC RT, ECC RT, or a wait-list, no-exercise control group. Four months of supervised exercise training was completed using traditional weight machines (CNC RT) or modified-matched machines that overloaded the eccentric action (ECC RT). Main outcomes included one-repetition maximal strength (knee extension, leg flexion, and leg press), weekly rate of strength gain, Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) total score and subscores. RESULTS Fifty-four participants (60-85 yr, 61% women) completed the study. Both CNC RT and ECC RT groups showed 16%-28% improvement relative to the wait-list, no-exercise control group (P = 0.003-0.005) for all leg strength measures. The rate of weekly strength gain was greater for CNC RT than for ECC RT for leg press and knee flexion (by 2.9%-4.8%; both, P < 0.05) but not knee extension (0.7%; P = 0.38). There were no significant differences in WOMAC total and subscores across groups over time. Leg press strength change was the greatest contributor to change in WOMAC total scores (R = 0.223). The change in knee flexion strength from baseline to month 4 was a significant predictor of the change in WOMAC pain subscore (F ratio = 4.84, df = 45, P = 0.032). Both modes of strength training were well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS Both resistance training types effectively increased leg strength. Knee flexion and knee extension muscle strength can modify function and pain symptoms irrespective of muscle contraction type. Which mode to pick could be determined by preference, goals, tolerance to the contraction type, and equipment availability.

Published
2019
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36. A Randomized Trial of Quality Assurance in Nursing Homes

Author

Mohide, E. Ann, Tugwell, Peter X., Caulfield, Patricia A., Chambers, Larry W., Dunnett, Charles W., Baptiste, Susan, Bayne, J. Ronald, Patterson, Christopher, Rudnick, K. Vincent, and Pill, Miriam

Published
1988

38. An Evaluation of Behavioral Intent in Appalachian Youth Participating in a CROPS Curriculum

Author

Kang Namkoong, Tori E Summey, Alex Preston Byrd, Joan Mazur, and Stacy K. Vincent

Subjects
Control (management), Applied psychology, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Exploratory research, Agricultural education, Theory of planned behavior, 030210 environmental & occupational health, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Intervention (counseling), Apprenticeship, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, Psychology, Curriculum, Appalachia
Abstract

In an effort to change unsafe tractor operating behaviors among Appalachian youth resulting from practices and habits learned through a socialization process (termed an “apprenticeship of observation”), this study implemented a four-part intervention in high school agricultural education classes that included implementation of a cost-effective rollover protective structure (CROPS) curriculum. The curriculum included farm safety information, specific NIOSH plans for CROPS construction, and procedures for CROPS installation on unprotected tractors. In this exploratory study, pre- and post-assessments were conducted using theory of planned behavior (TPB) constructs to measure changes in four factors that influence changes in learner behavior: learner attitude, perceived social norms, behavioral control, and perceived behavioral intention. Students’ perceived knowledge and skills gained through the intervention were also measured because they are integral components in assessing the effectiveness of a curriculum intervention. Participants (N = 83) were high school students from seven schools in three states in the Appalachian region. Findings revealed statistically significant differences in student attitudes toward the use of life-saving CROPS and in perceived knowledge and skills gained through the curriculum implementation. The CROPS curriculum can be an effective intervention effort for addressing the social and behavioral effects of farm youths’ apprenticeships of observation by creating more positive attitudes and learning outcomes among youth at risk for tractor rollover fatalities. Recommendations are provided for expanding the applications of the curriculum intervention and the TPB constructs. Keywords: Agricultural education, Appalachia, Behavior, Rollover protection, Tractor fatality, Youth.

Published
2019
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40. Running Mechanics and Metabolic Responses With Water Bottles and Bottle Belt Holders

Author

Cong Chen, Trevor Leavitt, Giorgio Negron, Joseph G. Wasser, Heather K. Vincent, Kyle Fallgatter, Kevin R. Vincent, MaryBeth Horodyski, and Laura Ann Zdziarski

Subjects
Adult, Male, business.product_category, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Kinematics, Instrumented treadmill, Water bottle, Pelvis, Running, Weight-Bearing, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Oxygen Consumption, 0302 clinical medicine, Bottle, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Range of Motion, Articular, Treadmill, 030229 sport sciences, Mechanics, Gas analyzer, Biomechanical Phenomena, Energy expenditure, Environmental science, Female, Hip Joint, Energy Metabolism, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Differential kinematics
Abstract

Purpose: To determine whether differential kinematics, kinetics, rates of energy use, and cardiopulmonary responses occur during running with water bottles and bottle belt holders compared with running only. Methods: Trained runners (N = 42; age 27.2 [6.4] y) ran on an instrumented treadmill for 4 conditions in a randomized order: control run (CON), handheld full water bottle (FULL; 16.9 fluid oz; 454 g), handheld half-full water bottle (HALF; 8.4 fluid oz; 227 g), and waist-worn bottle belt holder (BELT; hydration belt; 676 g). Gas exchange was measured using a portable gas analyzer. Kinetic and kinematic responses were determined by standard 3-dimensional videographic techniques. Interactions of limb side (right and left) by study condition (CON, FULL, HALF, and BELT) were tested for rates of oxygen use and energy expenditure and kinematic and kinetic parameters. Results: No significant limb-side × condition interactions existed for rates of oxygen use or energy expenditure. A significant interaction occurred with sagittal elbow flexion (P P Conclusions: Carrying water by hand or on the waist does not significantly change the kinematics of running motion, rates of oxygen use and energy expenditure, or cardiopulmonary measures over short durations. Runners likely make adjustments to joint moments and powers that preserve balance and protect the lower-extremity joints while maintaining rates of oxygen use and energy expenditure.

Published
2018
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41. Multi-depth suspended sediment estimation using high-resolution remote-sensing UAV in Maumee River, Ohio

Author

Robert K. Vincent, James E. Evans, Anita Simic Milas, and Matthew David Larson

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 0208 environmental biotechnology, Sediment, High resolution, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Sediment concentration, 020801 environmental engineering, Current (stream), Remote sensing (archaeology), General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, Satellite, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing
Abstract

Satellite remote-sensing has been widely used to map suspended sediment concentration (SSC) in waterbodies. Current development of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology allows mapping of SSC...

Published
2018
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42. Hepatic venous pressure gradient correlates with advanced hepatic fibrosis: a retrospective review

Author

Anant D. Bhave, Christopher S. Morris, Joseph T Shields, Jonathan K Vincent, and C. Stark

Subjects
Adult, Liver Cirrhosis, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Cirrhosis, Urology, Portal venous pressure, Sensitivity and Specificity, Gastroenterology, Likelihood ratios in diagnostic testing, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Fibrosis, Internal medicine, Hypertension, Portal, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Hepatitis C, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Liver biopsy, Portal hypertension, Female, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Biopsy, Large-Core Needle, business, Hepatic fibrosis
Abstract

To determine if hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) correlates with advanced hepatic fibrosis, as a complement to transjugular (transvenous) core needle liver biopsy. After institutional review board approval, a retrospective review was conducted on 340 patients who underwent transjugular (transvenous) core needle liver biopsy with concurrent pressure measurements between 6/1/2007 and 6/1/2013. Spearman correlation and linear regression were performed. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was created and sensitivity, specificity, predictive values and likelihood ratios were calculated. Indications included hepatitis C, abnormal liver function tests, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, and cirrhosis, among others. Biopsies showed stage 1 or 2 fibrosis in 15.6% each, stage 3 fibrosis in 21.6%, stage 4 fibrosis in 40.7%, and no fibrosis in 6.5%. Mean HVPG was 6.5 mm Hg (SD 5.0) with a range of 0–26 mm Hg. Spearman correlation coefficient for association between HVPG and fibrosis stage was 0.561 (p

Published
2017
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43. Intrabiliary Acetylcysteine Infusion for Biliary Obstruction in a Case of Chronic Pancreatitis with Pancreatic Head IPMN

Author

Rama P. Venu, Ramachandran Narayana Menon, Paul K. Vincent, Hasim Ahamed, and Rajesh Gopalakrishna

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm, endocrine system diseases, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Stent, Jaundice, medicine.disease, Mucus, Surgery, Acetylcysteine, chronic pancreatitis, Catheter, cholangitis, ipmn, Occlusion, acetylcysteine, medicine, Pancreatitis, lcsh:Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, medicine.symptom, lcsh:RC799-869, business, General Environmental Science, medicine.drug
Abstract

Successful biliary drainage in case of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) with thick mucus by ERCP and internal drainage alone is usually inadequate. The mucolytic properties of acetylcysteine can offer a therapeutic benefit in this setting. We report a 50-year-old man with chronic pancreatitis and IPMN who had recurrent episodes of biliary obstruction due to mucous occlusion, despite multiple stent exchanges. A nasobiliary catheter was placed and infusion of acetylcysteine was performed which resulted in significant improvement of jaundice. He later underwent surgery after nutritional rehabilitation. This case report highlights the role of intrabiliary acetylcysteine infusions for mucous occlusions in IPMN.

Published
2020
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44. Impact Of Crosse Hold And Lower Body Running Mechanics On Musculoskeletal Pain And Injury In Lacrosse Athletes

Author

Michelle L. Bruner, Cong Chen, Joseph G. Wasser, Kevin R. Vincent, Heather K. Vincent, and James Sanchez

Subjects
Musculoskeletal pain, medicine.medical_specialty, Lower body, biology, business.industry, Athletes, Physical therapy, Medicine, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, business, biology.organism_classification
Published
2021
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47. Recreational Runners With Obesity Can Maintain Cardiorespiratory, Metabolic And Gait Parameters Similar To Runners With Healthy Weight Over A 30 Minute Run

Author

Cong Chen, Lauren H. Summerville, Kevin R. Vincent, Sarah F. Cordier, and Heather K. Vincent

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Gait (human), Physical medicine and rehabilitation, business.industry, Medicine, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Cardiorespiratory fitness, Healthy weight, business, medicine.disease, Obesity
Published
2021
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48. Biomechanical, metabolic and cardiopulmonary responses of masters recreational runners during running at different speeds

Author

Daniel C. Herman, Christine Morgan, Heather K. Vincent, Cong Chen, Kevin R. Vincent, Hallie R. Hahn, and Laura Ann Zdziarski

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Kinematics, Pelvis, Running, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Oxygen Consumption, 0302 clinical medicine, Heart Rate, Heart rate, medicine, Humans, Knee, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Gait, Hip, business.industry, Age Factors, Biomechanics, 030229 sport sciences, Middle Aged, Oxygen uptake, Sagittal plane, Biomechanical Phenomena, Cross-Sectional Studies, medicine.anatomical_structure, Energy expenditure, Physical therapy, Female, Ankle, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

This study tested interactions between age and running speed on biomechanics, metabolic responses and cardiopulmonary responses. Three-hundred participants ran at preferred and standardized speeds. Age group (younger, masters [≥40 years]) by speed (self-selected 8.8 km/h, 11.2 km/h and 13.6 km/h) interactions were tested on main outcomes of sagittal kinematic, temporal spatial, metabolic and cardiopulmonary parameters. At all speeds, angular displacements of the ankle, pelvis and knee were less in masters than younger runners (Hedges g effect size range = 0.30-1.04; all p

Published
2017
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49. Assessment and rehabilitation of chronic low back pain in baseball: part II

Author

Jason L. Zaremski, Daniel C. Herman, Joseph G. Wasser, and Heather K. Vincent

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Cumulative Trauma Disorders, Movement, medicine.medical_treatment, Population, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Spondylolysis, Degeneration (medical), Baseball, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Quality of life (healthcare), medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Medical History Taking, education, Physical Examination, 030222 orthopedics, education.field_of_study, Rehabilitation, business.industry, Intervertebral disc, 030229 sport sciences, medicine.disease, Low back pain, Biomechanical Phenomena, medicine.anatomical_structure, Physical therapy, Chronic Pain, Symptom Assessment, medicine.symptom, business, Low Back Pain, Throwing
Abstract

Repetitive throwing and hitting motions in baseball place mechanical stresses to the lumbar spine which may cause low back pain (LBP). Pain may be due to vertebral stress reactions or insufficiency fractures, intervertebral disc degeneration or intervertebral disc herniation. Untreated chronic conditions have high potential to lead to a more significant injury such as spondylolysis. Chronic LBP increases the risk for missed playing time, early career termination and lower quality of life after retirement. Proper clinical assessment and prevention/rehabilitation of LBP in this population is thus important for performance, play time and overall long-term quality of life. This narrative review synopsizes the available evidence for assessment and rehabilitation of baseball players with LBP, including the structured rehabilitative techniques and programmes which should be administered to affected players. The state of the evidence suggests that there are deficits in identifying the optimal prevention and rehabilitation prescription components for the variety of LBP-inducing injuries in this athletic population.

Published
2017
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50. The CROPS Curriculum Experiment: Evaluating the Farm Safety Knowledge Gained Among Secondary Appalachia Youth

Author

Stacy K. Vincent, Susan Westneat, Joan Mazur, Jennifer Watson, and Morgan L. Schafbuch

Subjects
050210 logistics & transportation, Poverty, Agricultural machinery, Cost effectiveness, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Agricultural education, Safety knowledge, 030210 environmental & occupational health, Agricultural economics, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 0502 economics and business, Statistical analysis, Business, Appalachia, Curriculum
Published
2016
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