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Parenting shapes the development of emotion regulation skills in early childhood, laying a key foundation for social‐emotional adjustment. Unfortunately, high adversity exposure may disrupt parental emotion socialization practices and children's regulatory development. The current study used variable‐ and person‐centered approaches to evaluate links among parental emotion expressiveness, children's observed emotion regulation, and teacher‐reported adjustment among 214 4‐ to 6‐year‐old children experiencing homelessness, an indicator of high cumulative risk and acute adversity. Structured parent‐child interaction tasks were recorded on site in emergency shelters over the summer and micro‐socially coded for parent and child expressions of anger, positive affect, and internalizing distress. We anticipated that parental modeling of predominantly negative emotion expression would be associated with more child dysregulation during parent‐child interaction and worse adjustment at school, as reported by teachers the following school year. Preliminary analyses indicated that children's observed difficulty downregulating anger was associated robustly with teacher‐reported social‐behavioral problems. Latent profile analysis was used to identify three patterns of parental emotion expression characterized by above‐average expression of positive affect, internalizing distress, and anger. Parents' likelihood of membership in the elevated anger profile significantly predicted children's observed difficulty down‐regulating anger and higher social‐behavioral problems at school. In addition to ongoing efforts to reduce poverty‐related risk, supporting adaptive anger regulation in parents and young children may be important for enhancing resilience among families experiencing homelessness and similar conditions of high cumulative risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The data here consists of time-dependent experimental parameters from chemical and biophysical methods used to characterize Aβ monomeric reactants as well as soluble oligomer and amyloid fibril products from a slow (3–4 week) assembly reaction under biologically-relevant solvent conditions. The data of this reaction are both of a qualitative and quantitative nature, including gel images from chemical cross-linking and Western blots, fractional solubility, thioflavin T binding, size exclusion chromatograms, transmission electron microscopy images, circular dichroism spectra, and fluorescence resonance energy transfer efficiencies of donor–acceptor pair labels in the Aβ chain. This data enables future efforts to produce the initial monomer and eventual soluble oligomer and amyloid fibril states by providing reference benchmarks of these states pertaining to physical properties (solubility), ligand-binding (thioflavin T binding), mesoscopic structure (electron microscopy, size exclusion chromatography, cross-linking products, SDS and native gels) and molecular structure (circular dichroism, FRET donor-acceptor distance). Aβ1-40 soluble oligomers are produced that are suitable for biophysical studies requiring sufficient transient stability to exist in their “native” conformation in biological phosphate-saline buffers for extended periods of time. The production involves an initial preparation of highly monomeric Aβ in a phosphate saline buffer that transitions to fibrils and oligomers through time incubation alone, without added detergents or non-aqueous chemicals. This criteria ensures that the only difference between initial monomeric Aβ reactant and subsequent Aβ oligomer products is their degree of peptide assembly. A number of chemical and biophysical methods were used to characterize the monomeric reactants and soluble oligomer and amyloid fibril products, including chemical cross-linking, Western blots, fraction solubility, thioflvain T binding, size exclusion chromatography, transmission electron micrscopy, circular dichroism spectroscopy, and fluorescence resonance energy transfer.

Eco-friendlybiosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) and gold (Au NPs) nanoparticles by using Punica granatum and C. reticulata extracts were synthesized efficiently. Ag and Au NPs with sizes 8–10 nm and 30–40 nm were successfully synthesized and extracts serve as capping agents. Forming of NPs was confirmed through UV-visible spectra, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) studies. The effect of NPs on the luminescence of Eu(TTFA)3 and Sm(TTFA)3 complexes was investigated. Luminescence intensities of the complexes were enhanced several times in the presence of silver and get quenched due to reabsorption of Au NPs. The nonlinear optical properties of NPs were calculated using open aperture Z-scan and degenerate four-wave mixing in the femtosecond region. The toxicity and antimicrobial activities of Ag and Au NPs were studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this communication, we carried out the systematic investigation of nonlinear absorption and scattering properties of Aluminium nanoparticles (Al NPs) in various polar and non-polar solvents. Al NPs were synthesized with pulsed Nd:YAG laser operated at 1064 nm by ablating Al target in polar and non-polar liquid environment like chloroform, chlorobenzene, toluene, benzene, and carbon tetrachloride. Synthesized Al NPs colloids of various solvents differ in appearance and UV-Vis extinction spectra exhibit absorption in the UV region. The characterization of Al NPs performed by Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies reveal that NPs are made up of a well crystallized Al inner part (bright zone) embedded with an amorphous metal Al shell (dark region). Growth, aggregation, and precipitation mechanisms which influence the optical properties and stability of NPs are found to be related to the dipole moment of the surrounding liquid environment. The nonlinear absorption and scattering studies are performed by open aperture Z-scan technique with 532 nm under nanosecond pulse excitation. The Z-scan measurements are fitted theoretically to estimate both two-photon absorption (TPA) and nonlinear scattering (NLS) coefficients. In polar solvents like chlorobenzene, chloroform synthesized Al NPs exhibited higher TPA, NLS coefficient values, and lower optical limiting threshold values in comparison with partially polar solvent like toluene and non-polar solvents like benzene and carbontetrachloride. These results indicate the potential use of Al NPs as a versatile optical limiting material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psychosocial risk exposure in childhood is associated with a greater probability of emotional, behavioral, and academic problems. It is not surprising that children who experience homelessness, a marker of high cumulative risk, show significant emotional and behavioral problems and lower academic achievement than other children, including impoverished children who are not homeless. Nonetheless, some children manifest positive adjustment despite the hazards associated with homelessness, and it is important to identify protective influences that might be targeted for intervention. One potential factor is mastery motivation (MM), or the drive to control and master challenges, theoretically associated with resilience and empirically linked to adaptive cognitive outcomes in low-risk children. Currently, there is little research on MM in high-risk young children overall, and data are particularly limited on the key question of whether MM is associated with better outcomes in domains crucial for school readiness, including socioemotional adjustment, self-regulation, and academic competence. This study examined observed MM in 85 young children ages 3 to 5 living with their parents in an emergency shelter. Children completed behavioral tasks to assess MM, and measures linked with school readiness were assessed directly or by parent report. Higher MM was associated with better social and emotional functioning and emotion regulation but not math achievement or executive functioning. Follow-up analyses indicated that MM was indirectly associated with prosocial behavior through better emotion-regulation abilities. Implications are discussed for further research and for interventions designed to address educational disparities and promote school success for children experiencing homelessness. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The study was designed taking into consideration the drawbacks of periodontal dressing and healing properties of curcumin. The aim was to assess and compare the effect of Curcumin gel (Curenext) and noneugenol periodontal dressing (Coe pak) on tissue response, wound healing in the early stages, and pain post periodontal flap surgery in patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients requiring periodontal flap surgery were allotted to two groups at random, one receiving periodontal dressing and the other receiving curcumin for this cross over split-mouth study. Flap surgeries were performed on 2 quadrants with 3 weeks' interval. After suture removal, postoperative sites were assessed for tissue response (tissue color [TC] and tissue edema [TE]) and early wound healing as primary outcomes of the study. The secondary outcome was pain assessment and the number of analgesics taken by the individuals. Results: The two groups showed no significant differences with respect to tissue response, early wound healing, and pain perception. Curcumin group consumed lesser number of analgesics as compared to the one with periodontal dressing. Conclusion: It was confirmed that periodontal dressing and curcumin are effective in reducing the TE, normalizing the TC, enhancing the wound healing and reducing the pain perception. Curcumin can thus be used as an alternative to periodontal dressing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Few studies have explored the implications of parent socialization of positive emotions in children. Further, when considering outcomes of children, the focus has been primarily on links between parental emotion socialization and maladaptive child outcomes such as psychological distress, rather than adaptive outcomes such as life satisfaction. This study investigated whether recollection of supportive and unsupportive maternal and paternal responses to one's expressions of positive and negative emotions in childhood was linked with life satisfaction and psychological distress in young adulthood, and consideration of whether parent emotion socialization and young adult outcomes were indirectly associated via young adult emotional experience. Method: 262 college students completed instruments evaluating parental emotion socialization practices in childhood, emotional experience, life satisfaction, and psychological distress. Results: Fathers' supportive responses to positive emotions in childhood was indirectly associated with greater young adult life satisfaction through greater young adult positive emotional experience. Fathers' supportive responses to negative emotions in childhood was indirectly associated with less young adult distress through less young adult negative emotional experience. Mothers' supportive responses to negative emotions in childhood was indirectly associated with greater young adult life satisfaction through greater young adult positive emotional experience. Finally, fathers' unsupportive responses to negative emotions in childhood was indirectly associated with greater young adult distress through greater young adult negative emotional experience. Conclusions: These results, if replicated with prospective longitudinal methodology, suggest that mother and father figures play unique roles in shaping the emotional lives of children, with long-term implications for mental health and well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Offline data synchronization is a technique used to design an application that works without an internet connection. In the proposed work, offline synchronization methods for android have been enhanced along with the security and prioritization in the data file. The synchronization process has to be first validated and hence a speech recognition mechanism has also been applied in the proposed solution. Speech authentication systems along with unique feature selection and classification techniques are applied for providing the security. In addition to security, the proposed framework presents a set of cache memory which is updated when the user is online in order to optimize the synchronization process. The priority algorithm works according to user preferences. The files which are not in use for a long time are removed from the cache of offline user and the files which are getting used by the user often, get migrated to the cache memory automatically. The proposed job does not just emphasize user access, but also provides a safe way to manage the data. The proposed job also manages memory well so that the user does not find any hysteresis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Specific bacterium or a group of bacteria are found to be responsible for causing periodontal destruction and are associated with specific forms of disease. This study was carried out to identify 5 major periodontopathic bacteria in the subgingival bacterial sample of plaque of patients with aggressive (AgP) and chronic generalized periodontitis (CGP). Material and methods: The study was carried out in 40 patients divided into 2 groups- aggressive and chronic periodontitis. Pooled subgingival plaque samples were obtained with a sterile curette from the deepest pocket in each quadrant and transported to the laboratory for species identification using anaerobic culturing. Results: P.gingivalis, Pintermedia, Fnucleatuin and T.forsythus were isoloted at a greater rate in CGP thanAgP. Aactinoinyce- teincoinitans was most prevalent and isolated at a greater frequency from LAgP. However A.a could not be isolated from any subjects with CGP. Statistical analysis of the data showed a significant difference between CGP and LAgP when mean counts of the bacteria was considered. Conclusion: Not much difference in the specificity of major periodontopathic bacteria was found in CGP and GAgP. Identification of microbiota in the subgingival environment alone could not differentiate between different periodontal diseases. Further studies are required to identify particular strains of these periodontopathic bacteriathat are responsible for tissue destruction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The spectroscopic properties of tellurite glasses of composition (in mol%) TNKNd: (70− x)TeO2–15Nb2O5–15K2O–xNd2O3 (x =0.1, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5) and TNLNd10: 69TeO2–15Nb2O5–15Li2O–1.0Nd2O3 and lithium metaborate glass of composition LBNNd10: 89LiBO2–10Nb2O5–1.0Nd2O3 have been investigated using absorption and emission spectra and decay curve analysis. An energy level analysis has been carried out considering the experimental energy positions of the absorption and emission bands, using the free-ion Hamiltonian model. The spectral intensities have been calculated by using the Judd–Ofelt theory and in turn the radiative properties such as radiative transition probabilities, emission cross-sections, branching ratios and radiative lifetimes have been estimated. The decay curves at the lower concentrations are exponential while they show a non-exponential behavior at higher concentrations (⩾1.0mol%) due to energy transfer processes. The effective lifetimes for the 4F3/2 level are found to decrease with increase in Nd2O3 concentration for all the glasses under investigation. The non-exponential decay curves have been well-fitted to the Yokota–Tanimoto model with S =6, indicating that the nature of energy transfer is of dipole–dipole type and energy migration also plays an important role. The results obtained have been compared with Nd3+-doped phosphate, fluorophosphate, lead borate, tellurite, germanate and silicate glasses and Nd3+-doped YAG ceramic and Ca2Nb2O7 crystals. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The effect of hydrostatic pressure and active ion concentration on the luminescence spectra and lifetimes of Eu3+-doped P2O5–K2O–BaO–Al2O3–KF glasses have been studied up to 44.8GPa at room temperature. The 5 D 0 → 7 F 0–3 transitions exhibit pressure induced red-shift with different magnitudes. The crystal-field (CF) strengths at ambient condition are 338, 332 and 350cm−1 for 0.05mol%, 2.0mol% and 6.0mol% Eu2O3-doped glasses, respectively. These values slowly increase with increasing pressure and finally reach 518, 410 and 381cm−1 at the highest pressure. The observed increase in the CF strength parameter is found to have an almost cubic dependence on pressure. The luminescence intensity ratio, 5 D 0 → 7 F 2/5 D 0 → 7 F 1, of the Eu3+ ions is found to decrease with increasing pressure. The decay curves follow single exponential nature for all the three concentrations of Eu2O3-doped glasses for the entire pressure range studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The luminescence spectra and decay curves for the 4G5/2 level of Sm3+ ions in 55.95P2O5+14K2O+6KF+14.95BaO+9Al2O3+0.1Sm2O3 glass, referred to as PKFBASm01, have been studied as a function of pressure up to 40.5 GPa at room temperature. With the increase in pressure, a continuous red shift of the 4G5/2→6H9/2, 7/2, 5/2 transitions and a progressive increase in the magnitude of the crystal-field splittings for these transitions are observed. The decay curves for the 4G5/2 level of the Sm3+ ions in PKFBASm01 glass are found to exhibit single exponential behavior at ambient pressure and become non-exponential at higher pressures, accompanied by shortening of lifetimes. A generalized Yokoto-Tanimoto model has been used to explain the pressure-induced non-exponential nature of the decay curves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unusual changes in the oral tissues are sometimes manifestations of a serious haemopoietic disorder. The unusual signs and symptoms of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura include mucosal bleeding such as petechiae, ecchymosis bleeding from the nostrils from the gums. However gingival enlargement in not a common finding in such cases. Understanding of the oral findings is essential in the management of patients and close co-operation between patient, dentist and haematologist is needed. However, radical treatment may not be required in all patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Through history, physical examination and laboratory investigations is needed to categorize patients into mild, moderate and severe cases and the management follows the classification. In this article we present a rare case of gingival enlargement with acute thrombocytopenia in a 14-year-old girl following viral infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Surface plasmon resonance was used to investigate the kinetics, affinity, and specificity of binding between anti-Aβ (beta-amyloid) IgG antibodies and oligomeric Aβ. Two factors were needed to accurately characterize the IgG binding kinetics. First, a bivalent model was necessary to properly fit the kinetic association and dissociation sensograms. Second, a high concentration of IgG was necessary to overcome a significant mass transport limitation that existed regardless of oligomer density on the sensor surface. Using high IgG concentrations and bivalent fits, consistent kinetic parameters were found at varying sensor surface ligand densities. A comparison of binding specificity, affinity, and kinetic flux between monoclonal and natural human anti-Aβ IgG antibodies revealed the following findings. First, monoclonal antibodies 6E10 and 4G8 single-site binding affinity is similar between Aβ oligomers and monomers. Second, natural human anti-Aβ IgG binding readily binds Aβ oligomers but does not bind monomers. Third, natural human anti-Aβ IgG binds Aβ oligomers with a higher affinity and kinetic flux than 6E10 and 4G8. Both the current analytical methodology and antibody binding profiles are important for advances in antibody drug development and kinetic biomarker applications for Alzheimer’s disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: In order to develop efficient optical amplifiers with broad and flat gain profiles in the near-infrared range an active phosphate matrix codoped with Er3+ and Yb3+ rare earth optically active ions has been studied by carrying out steady-state and time-resolved luminescence spectroscopies. Taking advantage of the high absorption transition probability of the Yb3+ ions, these ions are excited with cw 980nm radiation from a commercial laser diode and subsequently de-excited by efficiently transferring energy to the Er3+ ions, producing an intense emission at around 1.5μm at which wavelength-division-multiplexing devices work. From the experimental data, the emission cross-section σem (λ) of the 4I13/2 → 4I15/2 transition at 1.5μm has been calculated using the Füchtbauer–Landerburg method. The result of this calculation, together with the absorption cross-section σabs (λ), allows the gain cross-section G to be estimated. Other important spectroscopic parameters associated with this transition, such as full width at half maximum FWHM, effective bandwidth Δeff and lifetime of the 4I13/2 level τexp , have been measured and analysed as a function of the Er3+ concentration. As figures of merit, FWHM×σem (λ), Δeff ×σem (λ) and σem (λ) × τexp calculations have been carried out. Comparing the obtained values to those reported in other Er3+-doped materials, the phosphate glasses doped with 1mol% of Yb2O3 ions and 1–2mol% of Er2O3 can be considered excellent candidates for developing broadband optical amplifiers, providing a large gain cross-section that covers the C (1530–1565nm) and the L (1565–1625nm) bands in the optical telecommunication window. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]