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Abstract Head and neck cancer is the sixth most common cancer in the world, with more than 300,000 deaths attributed to the disease annually. Aggressive surgical resection often with adjuvant chemoradiation is the cornerstone of treatment. However, the necessary chemoradiation treatment can result in collateral damage to adjacent vital structures causing a profound impact on quality of life. Here, we present a novel polymer of poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid and polyvinyl alcohol that can serve as a versatile multidrug delivery platform as well as for detection on cross-sectional imaging while functioning as a fiduciary marker for postoperative radiotherapy and radiotherapeutic dosing. In a mouse xenograft model, the dual-layered polymer composed of calcium carbonate/thymoquinone was used for both polymer localization and narrow-field infusion of a natural therapeutic compound. A similar approach can be applied in the treatment of head and neck cancer patients, where immunotherapy and traditional chemotherapy can be delivered simultaneously with independent release kinetics.

Abstract The photochemical activity of black phosphorus (BP) in near‐infrared (NIR) light controlled in situ biomineralization is investigated. Owing to the excellent NIR absorption, irradiation with NIR light not only promotes degradation of BP into PO43−, but also enhances the chemical activity to accelerate the reaction between PO43− and Ca2+ and promote in situ biomineralization. Mineralization of hydrogels is demonstrated by the preparation of BP incorporated hydrogel (BP@Hydrogel) which delivers greatly improved biomineralization performance under NIR illumination. The biomineralization process which can be controlled by modulating the light irradiation time and location has a high potential in controlling the mechanical properties and osteoinductive ability in tissue engineering. This study also provides insights into the degradation, photochemical activity, and new biological/biomedical applications of BP.

Black phosphorus is a biodegradable 2D material that has attracted growing interest in biomedicine. Here, the authors carry out in vitro and in vivoexperiments to demonstrate that nanospheres loaded with black-phosphorus quantum dots perform as promising phothermal cancer therapy agents.