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Based on an interval distance, three functions are given in order to quantify similarities between one-dimensional data sets by using first-order statistics. The Glass Identification Database is used to illustrate how to analyse a data set prior to its classification and/or to exclude dimensions. Furthermore, a non-parametric hypothesis test is designed to show how these similarity measures, based on random samples from two populations, can be used to decide whether these populations are identical. Two comparative analyses are also carried out with a parametric test and a non-parametric test. This new non-parametric test performs reasonably well in comparison with classic tests.

This article allows consulting the performance data of 96 Spanish university students in two personality questionnaires and two theory of mind (ToM) tasks. Personality dimensions were evaluated through the OPERAS questionnaire (Vigil-Colet et al., 2013) [1], which evaluates global personality through 5 scales: extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, openness to experience, and the ESQUIZO-Q questionnaire (Fonseca-Pedrero et al., 2010) [2], which assesses schizotypy by means of 10 subscales: ideas of reference, magical thinking, unusual perceptual experiences, odd thinking and language, paranoid ideation, physical anhedonia, social anhedonia, odd behavior, lack of close friends, and excessive social anxiety. The ability to attribute/infer mental states, i.e. ToM, was measured through two computerized tasks: the revised Reading the Mind in the Eyes (Baron-Cohen et al., 1997, 2001) [3,4], and the Director's task (Keysar et al., 2000, 2003; Dumontheil et al., 2010) [5–7].