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This panel was convened at 9:00 a.m., Saturday, April 7, 2018, by its moderator Hugo Perezcano Diaz of the Centre for International Governance Innovation, who introduced the panelists: Jennifer Hillman, [...]

I. INTRODUCTION II. THE ROLE OF NATURAL GAS IN THE 21ST CENTURY A. The Divergent Views About Natural Gas B. The Global Economic Crisis and Projections for Natural Gas Leading [...]

Abstract Purpose--The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of culture on international trade. Design/methodology/approach--A measure of the cultural distance is incorporated into the Gravity model to test [...]

This paper examines Vietnam's export performance in the face of China's emergence as a major competitor in global markets. We first use Constant Market Share analysis to investigate the influence of the factors determining ex-post export performance of Vietnam and China for the years 1997-2004. External trade indicators are then calculated in order to examine their specialization profiles. The paper suggests that, although China has become a huge competitor for the developing economies, this phenomenon has not crowded out Vietnam's exports. Rather, should the country incur Losses of market share, it would mainly result from its own export pattern. Comparative Economic Studies (2010) 52, 405-427. doi: 10.1057/ces.2010.3 Keywords: WTO accession, export performance, trade specialization, Vietnam, China and the latest emerging Asian economies JEL Classifications: F14, F15, O19, 053, O57, INTRODUCTION Over the last 20 years of reform, Vietnam has achieved great success in terms of economic growth, macroeconomic stabilization and poverty reduction. The economy grew at an impressive rate [...]

This panel was convened at 9:00 a.m., Saturday, March 27, by its moderator, Julia Ya Qin of Wayne State University, who introduced the panelists: Deborah Brautigam of American University's School [...]

This panel was convened at 12:45 p.m., Friday, March 26, by its moderator, Eckhard Hellbeck of White & Case LLP, who introduced the panelists: Chris Brummer of Georgetown University School [...]

This panel was convened at 10:45 a.m., Friday, March 26, by its moderator, David P. Stewart of Georgetown University Law Center, who introduced the panelists: Barry Carter of Georgetown University [...]

This panel was convened at 10:45 a.m., Thursday, March 25, by its moderator, James Thuo Gathii of Albany Law School, who introduced the panelists: Michael Santoro of Rutgers Business School; [...]

In international trade policy, the concept of market access is pivotal. Yet, it remains a neglected category in institutional-economics approaches to international trade. The paper introduces a new analytical category, which relates explicitly to the exchange of market access among governments: market access rights (MARs). Tariffs, quotas, standards, border controls, etc. are all treated as specific institutional forms of MARs. Major aspects of the international trade system can be explained as evolving institutional solutions to problems in transacting MARs, such as the most favored nation (MFN) clause as a mechanism to internalize externalities, and the rules governing safeguards and retaliation as procedures of continuous renegotiation of MARs with changing value. (JEL: F 10, B 25)

The problems facing WTO member countries in adjusting to the international trade system are examined. WTO rules must reduce their anti-adjustment bias, encourage pro-adjustment policies for nations, and introduce pro-adjustment policies into the system.

The lack of progress of the World Trade Organization in the liberalization of the trade in services is examined. The factors causing this lack of progress are impeding exchanges of concessions and, as a result, WTO negotiations.

The problems in implementing trade liberalization under the Doha Develoment Agenda are examined. New challenges, such as the exhaustion of non-agricultural tariffs of industrial countries, growing non-trade concerns, and the emergence of a new, multipolar negotiating system, require further examination.

The history and role of the World Trade Organization is studied and a bargaining model of international negotiations is proposed. The WTO should concentrate on market access instead of promoting a development agenda or interfering with regulatory and other domestic policies.

Introduction In a recent article on the new border security environment facing North America, Ackleson (2003) notes that much work remains to be conducted to evaluate the complex dynamics of [...]