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Con el fin de alcanzar un desarrollo sostenible la biotecnología se presenta como una herramienta eficaz que permite plantear diferentes soluciones a problemas como la pérdida de productividad agrícola, contaminación, nuevas plagas, enfermedades, disminución de áreas verdes y biodiversidad, mediante la aplicación de tecnologías innovadoras, al mismo tiempo crea numerosas oportunidades de negocios, mediante la transferencia de conocimientos la cual es realizada por medio de acuerdos formales entre empresa y universidad, o mediante el establecimiento de nuevas empresas dedicadas a la biotecnología fundadas por académicos emprendedores. Esta iniciativa es apoyada por el gobierno colombiano el cual creó el Sistema Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología que fomenta el desarrollo de nuevas empresas biotecnológicas.A fim de alcançar o desenvolvimento sustentável da biotecnología é apresentada como urna ferramenta poderosa que permite sugerir soluções diferentes para problemas como a perda de produtividade agrícola, a poluição, novas pragas e doenças, redução de áreas verdes e da biodiversidade, através da aplicação de tecnologías inovadoras. Ao mesmo tempo, cria inumeras oportunidades de negocio através da transferência de conhecimentos que é realizada através de acordos formáis entre empresas e universidades, ou através da criação de novas empresas de biotecnología dedicada fundada por empresarios acadêmica. Esta iniciativa é apoiada pelo governo colombiano, que criou o Sistema Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnología, que estimula o desenvolvimento de novas empresas de biotecnología.In order to achieve sustainable development the biotechnology represents tool effective that allow to establish different solutions to problems like the loss of agricultural productivity contamination, new plagues, illnesses, decrease of green areas and biodiversity by means of the application of innovative technologies, at the same time create numerous opportunities of bussiness, by means of the transfer of knowledge which is carried out by means of formal agreements between company and university or by means of the establishment ofnew dedicated companies to the biotechnology been founded for academic venturesome. This initiative is supported by the Colombian government which I believe the National System of Science and Technology that foments the development ofnew biotechnical companies.

Diversos autores han mostrado la importancia de las relaciones inter-organizacionales para el desarrollo de las empresas biotecnológicas. La gran mayoría de los trabajos sobre este sector analizan exclusivamente los acuerdos contractuales que establecen estas empresas. En este artículo proponemos ampliar el estudio de la transferencia tecnológica a las relaciones sociales observadas a través de las relaciones de consejo entre los empresarios científicos. Analizamos este sistema de intercambio como el resultado de las afiliaciones institucionales y de las inversiones relacionales realizadas por los actores en la construcción de sus status y la coorientación del procesos colectivo de aprendizaje. Nuestros resultados permiten identificar las normas de intercambio y los mecanismos de solidaridad y de exclusión que delimitan las fronteras sociales en este medio, en particular a través de la oposición “privado/publico”. Sugerimos que la distancia en el mundo empresarial y la investigación pública, entre la “economía” y la “ciencia”, es el reflejo de una falta de coordinación que se traduce en una pérdida de eficiencia para este sector industrial.

This paper offers a vision of the Cuban biotechnology industry (CBI) derived from the conception of its future, as a frame of reference for the transformations and actions of today. Based on prospective analysis, we have defined the fundamental variables having the largest impact on the sector, thus facilitating the identification of key objectives for future actions and decision-making, which will build the future image of Cuban biotechnology. The shared vision of all actors involved in the CBI, who will work together in devising it, is of utmost importance. Together with the State's strategic priority to the industry and to strengthening the industrial policy for early actions consistent with this vision, this paper devotes a special significance to the updating of the Cuban economic model in agreement with the needs of the CBI. This would facilitate the necessary adjustments of strategic actions when dealing with the challenges in this sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper offers a vision of the Cuban biotechnology industry (CBI) derived from the conception of its future, as a frame of reference for the transformations and actions of today. Based on prospective analysis, we have defined the fundamental variables having the largest impact on the sector, thus facilitating the identification of key objectives for future actions and decision-making, which will build the future image of Cuban biotechnology. The shared vision of all actors involved in the CBI, who will work together in devising it, is of utmost importance. Together with the State's strategic priority to the industry and to strengthening the industrial policy for early actions consistent with this vision, this paper devotes a special significance to the updating of the Cuban economic model in agreement with the needs of the CBI. This would facilitate the necessary adjustments of strategic actions when dealing with the challenges in this sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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