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Copyright of Canadian Journal of Emergency Nursing (CJEN) is the property of National Emergency Nurses Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We examine the characteristics of schools preferred by parents in New Orleans, Louisiana, where a "portfolio" of school choices is available. This tests the conditions under which school choice induces healthy competition between public and private schools through the threat of student exit. Using unique data from parent applications to as many as eight different schools (including traditional public, charter, and private schools), we find that many parents include a mix of public and private schools among their preferences, often ranking public schools alongside or even above private schools on a unified application. Parents who list both public and private schools show a preference for the private sector, all else equal, and are willing to accept lower school performance scores for private schools than otherwise equivalent public options. These parents reveal a stronger preference for academic outcomes than other parents and place less value on other school characteristics such as sports, arts, or extended hours. Public schools are more likely to be ranked with private schools and to be ranked higher as their academic performance scores increase.

Opponents of corporal punishment have argued strongly in favor of the United States' ratification of a treaty that contains several provisions prohibiting the use of corporal punishment on children. Contends that even if ratification were to occur, it would face significant obstacles in the United States. A new norm rejecting corporal punishment in America's public schools will have to emerge by changing public attitudes. (Contains 133 footnotes.) (MLF)

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of four different commonly used wound dressings in improving patient reported outcomes (PROMS) after free epithelialized mucosal grafts (FEGs) harvesting. Methods: Following 72 FEGs harvesting from 72 patients, patients were assigned into four groups. Control: collagen plug + sutures (CPS); test: collagen plug with cyano‐acrylate (CPC), platelet rich fibrin (PRF) + sutures, or palatal stent only (PS). Patients were observed for 14 days, with evaluation of pain level utilizing the visual analog scale, number of analgesics consumed, need for additional analgesics, amount of swelling, amount of bleeding, activity tolerance, and willingness for retreatment. Results: Compared to the control group all test groups indicated significant lower pain perception (P < 0.0001), lower analgesic consumption (P < 0.0001), and higher willingness for retreatment (P < 0.0001), while no statistically significant differences among test groups were observed. There were no statistically significant differences in amount of day‐by‐day swelling, bleeding, and activity tolerance among four groups. Compared to other groups, the PS had the lowest overall pain scores (over the 14‐day period). Palatal thickness, graft length, graft width, and graft thickness did not appear to affect patient morbidity (P > 0.05). Conclusions: All interventions significantly decreased pain perception compared to a hemostatic collagen sponge alone over the palatal donor site after FEG surgery. In the first few days after surgery, the use of a palatal stent seemed to be associated with less overall pain, pain pills consumed, and higher willingness of doing the same procedure again. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: Recently, the PTB risk has been related to the objective measurement of cervical length (CL), since a CL of less than 25 mm is an accurate predictor of increased risk of PTB. Primary prevention of preterm labor is based on the early identification of symptoms and on pharmacological treatments with tocolytic drugs for inhibition of uterine contractions that are associated with a shortening of the cervix. Unfortunately, most of these drugs have important side effects. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study aimed to evaluate whether the administration of a combination of oral α-lipoic acid (ALA), magnesium, vitamin B6 and vitamin D to pregnant women presenting risk factors for PTB could reduce the rate of cervical shortening at 19-22 weeks of gestational age. RESULTS: A total of 122 women attending the first-trimester aneuploidy screening at 11- 14 weeks of pregnancy and presenting risk factors for PTB were included in the study. Cervical length significantly decreased in the control group compared with the treatment group (-3.86 ± 1.97 vs. 1.50 ± 1.26; p=0.02). Although the rate of preterm birth did not significantly decrease (9.5% vs. 5.1%), admission for threatened PTB was statistically reduced in the treatment group compared with the control group (3.4% vs. 14.3%). CONCLUSIONS: Oral supplementation of ALA, magnesium, vitamin B6 and vitamin D significantly counteracted cervix shortening in pregnant women presenting risk factors for PTB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the analysis of surface changes and biocompatibility of Zr-702 additively manufactured bars have been performed. Samples were machined under dry and cryogenic environment at varying cutting speed and feed rate. Afterwards, MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells were seeded on the as printed and machined surfaces verifying how cells adhesion and proliferation change based on the involved process parameters after 24 h and three days of culture. As a result, a connection between surface characteristics and process cells adhesion and proliferation has been provided and used to assess the potential of machining process to modulate biocompatibility of the investigated material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relationships among athletes can result in an environment that supports transgressive behavior. Sport has often been praised for the positive consequences of the community it fosters, but few researchers have discussed how community can foster antisocial behavior. This study explored the impact college athletes' sense of community has on transgressive behavior. Three hundred and eighty-nine intercollegiate NCAA Division I and recreational (i.e., club and intramural) athletes were asked about their transgressive behaviors and perceptions of sense of community. The results demonstrated that males scored higher for all transgressive behaviors as well as reported a stronger sense of community. There was a significant relationship between sense of community and general deviance, violence towards partners, and doping attitudes. Recreational athletes showed higher sense of community and intercollegiate athletes demonstrated higher scores for moral disengagement, violence towards partners, and doping attitudes than recreational athletes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: It was hypothesized that activity exercise at professional levels could lead to an increase in metabolic levels and a decrease in performance parameters. These trends are explained by physical activity as a cellular stressor. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We used an algorithm, Laboratory Index which evaluates salivary cortisol, CK and d-ROMs, collected previously from elite Italian soccer players, compared to InStat Index. The last one estimates analytically the athlete's performance in soccer pitch, applying the Heath Maps. RESULTS: A good agreement between the two Index was obtained, especially for two players, who showed an ideal combined trend. CONCLUSIONS: We would investigate the clinical and activity profile of soccer players with the aim of providing information for the development of training strategies. Also, the performances, during training and match time, are an objective evaluation of the athlete's physical preparation. As a consequence, the combination of two Index could be used for a new approach to the sports world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents a Finite Element Modelling (FEM) of the turning process on the Nickel superalloy IN718 produced by the Direct Energy Deposition (DED) to predict the residual stress. The material behaviour was implemented by a customized user-routine to take into account the anisotropy of the material due to the DED process. The residual stresses were experimentally measured on the surface and beneath the machined surface and the data collected were used to validate the FEM model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inconel 718 nickel-based super alloy is widely used in aerospace, nuclear and marine industries due to its important thermo-mechanical properties and excellent corrosion resistance. However, the possibility to produce parts with a superior surface quality (e.g. enhanced surface integrity) still represents a challenge for manufacturing industry since the standard processing parameters are not suitable when difficult-to-cut materials are involved. Thus, predictive models represent a useful tool to simulate the material behavior during machining. Physics based computational analysis is an excellent technique to analyze the micro-scale phenomena (e.g. dynamic recrystallization, density of dislocation changes) taking place during the plastic deformation processes. Thus, it represents an important tool to optimize the cutting process achieving the desired characteristics of the machined surface. This work presents a physics based model developed to assess the micro-mechanical behavior of Inconel 718 super alloy subject to severe machining operations. Results show the good capability of the model to properly deal with the main physical phenomena taking place during the process and to correctly predict the main surface modifications which affect the final product performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of La Medicina del Lavoro is the property of Mattioli 1885 SpA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The lack of data on the chronic effects of chloroacetanilide herbicide metabolites on non-target aquatic organisms creates a gap in knowledge about the comprehensive impacts of excessive and repeated pesticide use. Therefore, this study evaluates the long-term effects of propachlor ethanolic sulfonic acid (PROP-ESA) after 10 (T1) and 20 (T2) days at the environmental level of 3.5 μg.L−1 (E1) and its 10x fold multiply 35 μg.L−1 (E2) on a model organism Mytilus galloprovincialis. To this end, the effects of PROP-ESA usually showed a time- and dose-dependent trend, especially in its amount in soft mussel tissue. The bioconcentration factor increased from T1 to T2 in both exposure groups – from 2.12 to 5.30 in E1 and 2.32 to 5.48 in E2. Biochemical haemolymph profile and haemocyte viability were not affected by PROP-ESA exposure. In addition, the viability of digestive gland (DG) cells decreased only in E2 compared to control and E1 after T1. Moreover, malondialdehyde levels increased in E2 after T1 in gills, and DG, superoxidase dismutase activity and oxidatively modified proteins were not affected by PROP-ESA. Histopathological observation showed several damages to gills (e.g., increased vacuolation, over-production of mucus, loss of cilia) and DG (e.g., growing haemocyte trend infiltrations, alterations of tubules). This study revealed a potential risk of chloroacetanilide herbicide, propachlor, via its primary metabolite in the Bivalve bioindicator species M. galloprovincialis. Furthermore, considering the possibility of the biomagnification effect, the most prominent threat poses the ability of PROP-ESA to be accumulated in edible mussel tissues. Therefore, future research about the toxicity of pesticide metabolites alone or their mixtures is needed to gain comprehensive results about their impacts on living non-target organisms. [Display omitted] • Biodegradation products of pesticides might have the same or even higher toxicity to aquatic ecosystems. • Propachlor ESA bioaccumulation in mussels tissue shows a time-dependent trend. • Propachlor ESA disrupts the ability of digestive gland cells to regulate their initial volume. • Propachlor ESA induces histopathological changes in the gills and digestive gland. • Long-term toxicity tests should be considered more for investigating the environmental impacts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents reprints of several articles related to Appalachians published in various journals as of October 2017. Topics of the articles include African American model and poet Crystal Good's experience of seeking for African American poets who was also raised in Appalachia like her, the efforts of farmer Travis Cornett to protect his ginseng plants from thieves, and the Muslim community in Southeastern Kentucky.

The development of reliable numerical tools for predicting the machined surface integrity has become of primary importance nowadays. This paper introduces a novel customized FE model to predict microstructural changes generated during turning of the Electron Beam Melted (EBM) Ti6Al4V alloy under dry cutting and cryogenic cooling. The material peculiar fine acicular microstructure and the nano-hardness variation are modelled and implemented into a FE model by means of a User Subroutine. The developed FE model permits to predict the microstructure (alpha lamellae thickness), the plastic deformation (alpha lamellae deformation) and nano-hardness variations induced by machining operation under dry and cryogenic conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Study Objective: Preliminary data on the effects of prophylactic bilateral salpingectomy (PBS) show that postoperative ovarian function is preserved up to 3 months after surgery. The confirmation of PBS safety on ovarian function even many years after surgery is essential to reassure the medical community that this new strategy, recently proposed for the prevention of ovarian cancer, is at least able to avoid the risk of premature surgical menopause. We investigated whether the addition of PBS during total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) causes long-term effects on ovarian function.Design: An observational study (Canadian Task Force classification II-3).Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Magna Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy.Patients: Seventy-nine patients who underwent TLH plus salpingectomy between September 2010 and September 2012 at our institution have been recalled to be submitted to ovarian reserve evaluation in February 2015. Eight of 79 women refused to participate in this follow-up study.Interventions: The ovarian age of PBS patients has been determined through OvAge (OvAge sr., Catanzaro, Italy), a statistical model that combines antimüllerian hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, 3-dimensional antral follicle count, vascular index, flow index, and vascular flow index values. The control group consisted of a large population of 652 healthy women (with intact uterus and adnexa) previously enrolled to build the OvAge model. Comparisons between ovarian ages of PBS patients and the control group have been assessed by analysis of covariance linear statistical modeling.Measurements and Main Results: The main outcome measurement was the differences in the behavior within OvAge/age relation between PBS and control women. Descriptive statistics of those 71 enrolled PBS patients are the following: age, 49.61 ± 2.15 years; OvAge, 49.22 ± 2.57 years; follicle-stimulating hormone, 43.02 ± 19.92 mU/mL; antimüllerian hormone, 0.12 ± 0.20 ng/mL; 3-dimensional antral follicle count, 1.91 ± 1.28; vascular index, 2.80% ± 5.32%; flow index, 19.37 ± 5.88; and vascular flow index, 0.56 ± 1.12. Analysis of covariance disclosed that PBS and control women do not exhibit different behaviors (p = .900) within OvAge/age relation.Conclusion: According to our model, the addition of PBS to TLH in the late reproductive years does not modify the ovarian age of treated women up to 3 to 5 years after surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, numerical modeling is becoming a valuable and powerful tool for designing and optimizing the production process, as well as improving the machined components quality. Particularly, the Finite Element Method permits to increase the knowledge on the machinability of difficult-to-cut metals, such as the titanium alloys. The aim of this work is to develop a 3D FE model as a tool for predicting cutting forces, temperature, and machining-induced microstructural alterations during semi-finishing turning Ti6Al4 V under dry and cryogenic conditions. The numerical model is experimentally calibrated and validated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]