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Excitable optoelectronic devices represent one of the key building blocks for implementation of artificial spiking neurons in neuromorphic (brain-inspired) photonic systems. This work introduces and experimentally investigates an opto-electro-optical (O/E/O) artificial neuron built with a resonant tunnelling diode (RTD) coupled to a photodetector as a receiver and a vertical cavity surface emitting laser as a transmitter. We demonstrate a well-defined excitability threshold, above which the neuron produces optical spiking responses with characteristic neural-like refractory period. We utilise its fan-in capability to perform in-device coincidence detection (logical AND) and exclusive logical OR (XOR) tasks. These results provide first experimental validation of deterministic triggering and tasks in an RTD-based spiking optoelectronic neuron with both input and output optical (I/O) terminals. Furthermore, we also investigate in simulation the prospects of the proposed system for nanophotonic implementation in a monolithic design combining a nanoscale RTD element and a nanolaser; therefore demonstrating the potential of integrated RTD-based excitable nodes for low footprint, high-speed optoelectronic spiking neurons in future neuromorphic photonic hardware.

Background: Social isolation measures by the COVID-19 pandemic have impacted teaching work. In an "Emergency Remote Teaching" (ERT) context, it is relevant to investigate the factors that affect teachers' self-efficacy. Methods: A total of 289 teachers from schools in southern Spain have participated in this study. They have been asked about their levels of burnout, engagement, and resilience. Comparisons were made by groups in accordance with sex, type of center they belonged to, school social context, and educational level in which the teacher taught. Using a Structural Equations Model, the multivariate relationships between the variables related to burnout, engagement, and resilience were described. Results: During the ERT, teachers' self-efficacy was influenced by the 3 factors: burnout--exhaustion and cynicism--engagement, and resilience. During the ERT, the teachers in semi-private and private centers showed greater self-efficacy. In turn, the teachers in childhood and primary education showed a significantly higher level of work engagement than the teachers in compulsory and post-compulsory secondary education. Conclusions: The results in relation to ERT are discussed in the context of the exceptionality and universal globality of the pandemic phenomenon and the complex self-perception of the social value of the teaching function.

Introducción. Nuestro objetivo fue valorar la visión de los profesionales que se dedican a la patología respiratoria en relación con la COVID en Castilla-La Mancha sobre su situación. Material y métodos. Estudio descriptivo transversal mediante encuesta, realizada a los profesionales de respiratorio de Castilla-La Mancha a través de ³google forms´. Las variables cualitativas se describieron a través de frecuencias y las cuantitativas por media y desviación estándar. Hubo 2 preguntas de carácter libre. Resultados. Mujeres 53,8%. Profesionales de todas las provincias. Trataron COVID: 90%, sin protección 78,9% y sin apoyo 59,8%. Contagiados 24,4%, tuvieron síntomas (pero no se les hizo test) 10% y aislados 1,1%. Han tenido miedo 84,4%. No se han hecho el test 53,8%. Ven una oportunidad para respiratorio: 85,7%. Las ideas en las preguntas libres repetidas son las UCRIs, necesidad de recursos y el seguimiento a estos pacientes. Conclusiones. Los profesionales de Castilla-La Mancha se han sentido sobrepasados por el trabajo, con falta de apoyos y protección, y con miedo y se contagiaron en un porcentaje importante, pero no les realizaron los tests de detección. Creen que esto debe suponer un desarrollo para la especialidad con la formación de UCRIs, aumento de recursos y mejora en el seguimiento a los pacientes. Resume: Introduction. Our objective was to assess the vision of professionals who are dedicated to respiratory pathology in relation to COVID in Castilla La Mancha about their situation. Material and methods. Descriptive cross-sectional study using a survey, carried out on respiratory professionals in Castilla-La Mancha through "google forms". The qualitative variables were described by using frequencies and the quantitative variables by mean and standard deviation. There were 2 free questions. Results. Women 53.8%. Professionals from all provinces. 90% treated COVID patients, without protection 78.9% and without support 59.8%. 24.4% were infected, 10% had symptoms (but they were not tested) and 1.1% isolated. 84.4% have been afraid. 53.8% have not been tested. They see an opportunity for respiratory: 85.7%. The repeated ideas in the free questions are the UCRIs, need for resources and the follow-up of these patients. Conclusions. the professionals of Castilla-La Mancha have felt overwhelmed by work, with lack of support and protection, and with fear and they were infected in a significant percentage, but they did not carry out the detection tests. They believe that this should suppose a development for the specialty with the formation of UCRIs, increase of resources and improvement in patient follow-up

The ability to define, evaluate, and implement software architectures is a fundamental skill for software engineers. However, teaching software architecture can be challenging as it requires students to be involved in real-context projects with high degrees of complexity. This involves making trade-off decisions among several quality attributes. Furthermore, the academic perception of software architecture differs from the industrial viewpoint. To address this issue, a study was conducted to identify and analyze the strategies, challenges, and course experiences used for teaching software architectures. The study analyzed 56 articles reporting on teaching experiences focused specifically on software architectures or focused on software engineering in general but discussing software architecture. The main contributions of this work include identifying strategies used in educating software architecture students aligned with the needs of the software industry. These strategies include short design projects, large development projects, and projects with actual clients. Additionally, the study compared curriculum contents in software development and architecture courses and identified recurring topics such as architecture patterns, quality attributes, and architectural views. This study also recognizes the set of skills that students of software architecture should develop during training, such as leadership and negotiation. The challenges in software architecture training were discussed, such as instructors' lack of experience in actual projects, the abstract and fuzzy nature of software architectures, and the difficulty of involving clients and industry experts. Evaluation methods commonly used in training software architects, such as surveys, pre-test/post-test, and quality metrics on architectural artifacts, were identified and described. Overall, this study guides researchers and educators in improving their software architecture courses by incorporating strategies reported by the literature review. These strategies can bring architecture courses closer to the needs and conditions of the software industry.

El compromiso exportador suele ser un aspecto empresarial clave para explicar por qué unas empresas exportan más que otras. En este artículo se analizan los determinantes del compromiso exportador en las pymes colombianas desde el punto de vista comportamental y actitudinal mediante un modelo de redes neuronales estimado sobre una muestra de 306 pymes exportadoras. Los resultados permiten concluir que las pymes colombianas se centran en invertir sus recursos financieros propios para impulsar las exportaciones, y la actitud del empresario al riesgo resulta determinante para asumir la actividad exportadora como estrategia empresarial generadora de mayores rendimientos. || The export commitment is often a key to explain why some firms export more than other business aspect. This article discusses the determinants of export commitment in Colombian SMEs from the behavioral and attitudinal viewpoint using a neural network model estimated on a sample of 306 exporting SMEs. The results suggest that Colombian SMEs focus on investing their own resources to boost exports and employers' behavior risks making decisive for export activity as a business strategy that generates higher returns.

A family-skills program for Latino fathers and youth was implemented to prevent youth obesity. Lessons learned focused on practices to address barriers to engagement and retention among fathers and youth within the Latino community. Program development issues included selection of organizations, facilitators, language, and delivery methods. Implementation issues included timing and location. Cultural issues regarding learner needs, and teaching and implementation methods need to be considered. Using the lessons learned, Extension professionals can create impactful programs that engage and retain Latino fathers and youth.

This collaborative autoethnographic research explores the identity shaping construction trajectory of a group of three English teacher researchers as well as the repercussions that these processes had on the enactment of a critical decolonial perception toward the ELT field. Using a qualitative approach, the English teachers engaged in this collaborative autoethnography shared their experiences, beliefs, and influences to collectively examine how these influenced their evolving professional identities and their current critical understanding of the field. In general, the study reveals that collaborative autoethnography provides a unique platform for examining the identity trajectory of individuals and for establishing a connection between the past and the present. The findings similarly highlight the interplay between individual experiences, sociocultural contexts, and pedagogical practices, fostering a deeper understanding of English teacher researcher identity development. By emphasizing the significance of collective exploration, this study advocates for incorporating collaborative autoethnography more actively as a valuable tool for professional development in English education and research in general, and in Colombia in particular.