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Copyright of Die Unfallchirurgie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Strong interactions between magnetic materials and electrodynamic cavities mix together spin and photon properties, producing unique hybridized behavior. The study of such coupled spin-photon systems, known as cavity magnonics, is motivated by the flexibility and controllability of these hybridized states for spintronic and quantum information technologies. In this Tutorial, we examine and compare both coherent and dissipative interactions in cavity magnonics. We begin with a familiar case study, the coupled harmonic oscillator, which provides insight into the unique characteristics of coherent and dissipative coupling. We then examine several canonical cavity-magnonic systems, highlighting the requirements for different coupling mechanisms, and conclude with recent applications of spin-photon hybridization, for example, the development of quantum transducers, memory architectures, isolators, and enhanced sensing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To assess hearing rehabilitation in patients with congenital aural atresia using an active middle-ear implant (Vibrant Soundbridge). Methods: Of a cohort of 70 microtia and atresia patients, 10 underwent Vibrant Soundbridge implantation between 2008 and 2021. Two of the 10 patients had binaural implantation, resulting in 12 ears for analysis. Pre- and post-operative audiometry data were analysed, and patient satisfaction was evaluated. Surgical issues regarding coupling sites and outcomes were analysed. Results: Pure tone average (0.5, 1, 2 and 4 kHz) improved from a pre-operative mean (standard deviation) of 65.3 (8.7) dB HL to a post-operative mean of 26.8 (4.9) dB HL. This resulted in a mean pure tone average gain of 38.5 dB HL. The results indicate no obvious difference between stapes (n = 8) and incus (n = 4) coupling. The mean effective gain for 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 kHz was −17.8 dB HL (standard deviation = 4.3). Concerning effective gain, Vibrant Soundbridge performed best at 2 kHz. Patients reported high overall satisfaction, good sound quality and strongly improved directional hearing. Conclusion: An active middle-ear implant (Vibrant Soundbridge) allows hearing rehabilitation in selected atretic ears, and provides long-term hearing stability in children and adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pork is one of the most consumed meats worldwide, yet, pork quality remains an issue for the industry, mainly because of flavour, colour and water holding capacity instabilities. Castration techniques combined with dietary supplementation with ractopamine hydrochloride (RAC) seem to be a tangible solution to deal with these issues. There is a lack of knowledge of how these techniques will impact the proteomic profile and, consequently, the meat quality. The main goal of this work was to study the proteomic profile of non-aged pork meat under different sexual conditions and RAC dietary supplementation, and how the combination of these two factors impacts meat quality attributes. Forty-eight animals were distributed in six treatments, three sexual conditions (females; surgically castrated males; immune castrated males) and two diets (with RAC inclusion or without). For proteomic analysis, a sample of the Longissimus dorsi muscle was collected 24 h after slaughter and analysed using one-dimensional SDS/PAGE. The ultimate pH and colour (L*, a*, b*) were measured in the carcasses after 24 h, then meat samples were collected to measure drip, cooking and thawing losses, as well as the shear force. The interaction between gender and diet affected the ultimate pH and the L* parameter. Meat tenderness was only influenced by diet. Twenty-seven protein bands were revealed by SDS/PAGE, six of them with the protein abundance affected by diet. In conclusion, the inclusion of dietary RAC caused differences in the pork meat proteome, and more studies are necessary to fully explore the proteins involved in these changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Linguistic processing has been suggested to involve rich perceptual representations grounded in non-linguistic experiential content often straddling multiple modal cognitive systems. This distributed approach implies that the processing of words signifying perceptual content can interfere with other aspects of perceptual experience through cross-modal priming. In an experimental study, we investigated semantically activated cross-modal priming between perception of auditory verbs and visual motion illusions. Participants solved a lexical decision task involving concrete and abstract verbs while presented with the Motion Quartet Paradigm, a visual stimulus inducing the illusory experience of vertical or horizontal motion. We found that the semantic direction of verbs primed participants to experience the visual stimulus as moving in compatible directions (horizontally or vertically), supporting our predictions. Interestingly, and contrary to our hypotheses, the priming effect was mainly driven by abstract words. We suggest that these results might be due to the socially interactive semantics of the abstract words. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Der Hautarzt is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study provides previously unavailable field data relating to the biogas and methane yields from supervised authentic anaerobic digesters using the most common animal manure in Bangladesh: cow dung, poultry litter and town cattle market straw which are found to produce biogas yields of 0.034, 0.030 and 0.142 m3/kg respectively, with methane concentrations of 60% and 62% and 74% respectively and total solids of 19, 23 and 45 respectively. It also reports indications that in unsupervised plant issues with underfeeding, improper water mixing and irregular feeding are very common – all of which can significantly reduce yields. The figures above should thus be treated as maximum, optimum field values. These results provide reliable data for use in scaling up for national energy and investment planning, as they related directly to common scenarios of family smallholdings, common sized poultry farms and town cattle markets in Bangladesh where there is a reliance on combustion of local wood and dung biomass for cooking, creating air pollution, health and environmental degradation issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the effect of stripline coupling on the damping of magnetostatic modes in an yttrium-iron-garnet sphere. Both the magnetostatic dispersion and line width display a pronounced dependence on the YIG-stripline separation, with the coupling dominating the line width for small separations. By suppressing the coupling effect we use a broadband technique to measure both the Gilbert damping, α = (6.5 ± 0.5) × 10−5, and the inhomogeneous broadening which is mode dependent and as small as 0.075 MHz. Our study therefore reveals the importance of, and a method for, exploring the influence of coupling on damping, which may be useful for future device characterization and design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Decellularized scaffolds represent a promising alternative for mitral valve (MV) replacement. This work developed and characterized a protocol for the decellularization of whole MVs. Porcine MVs were decellularized with 0.5% ( w/ v) SDS and 0.5% ( w/ v) SD and sterilized with 0.1% ( v/ v) PAA. Decellularized samples were seeded with human foreskin fibroblasts and human adipose-derived stem cells to investigate cellular repopulation and infiltration, and with human colony-forming endothelial cells to investigate collagen IV formation. Histology revealed an acellular scaffold with a generally conserved histoarchitecture, but collagen IV loss. Following decellularization, no significant changes were observed in the hydroxyproline content, but there was a significant reduction in the glycosaminoglycan content. SEM/TEM analysis confirmed cellular removal and loss of some extracellular matrix components. Collagen and elastin were generally preserved. The endothelial cells produced newly formed collagen IV on the non-cytotoxic scaffold. The protocol produced acellular scaffolds with generally preserved histoarchitecture, biochemistry, and biomechanics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A systematic study of the electrodynamic coupling between the ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) and the cavity mode of a microwave cavity is presented. The nature of the FMR and cavity modes, described by their resonance position and line width, is measured and compared with a classical model based on the Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert equation and an RLC circuit, which explicitly implement Faraday’s and Ampère’s laws. The relationship between the coupling gap, which can be accessed experimentally, and the coupling strength, which is a fundamental property of the FMR/cavity system, is discussed on the basis of this model. A straightforward method is experimentally developed to control the coupling gap. The capability of using such a tunable cavity-FMR coupling in combination with spin pumping could provide us with new technologies that utilize the light-matter interaction to control spin current in cavity spintronics. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Ethanolic extracts obtained from the seed coat of Chenopodium quinoaWilld. were evaluated for their acaricidal effect on different stages of the carmine spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch.At 72 h after application of the extracts directly on the adult females, mortalities ranged from 30%to 93%, with concentrations of 6.11, 7.61 and 9.11%w/v producing the best results. The lethal effect of the extracts on the nymphs of T. urticae manifested at 24 h after inoculation, with mortality rates ranging between 50 % and 99 %. The extracts of C. quinoa had no lethal effect on the eggs of T. urticae. At 120 h post-application, between 76%and 89%of the larvae had hatched. The extracts showed a repellent effect on adult females of T. urticae. Oviposition by femaleT. urticae was not affected by application of sublethal concentrations of the extract. The survival of juveniles whose mothers were sprayed with the extracts ranged between 17 % and 48 %, showing a sublethal effect of the extracts on the offspring. Lethal concentrations of the extract of C. quinoa for adult females of T. urticae were determined as 1.24 % w/v (LC50) and 4.34 % w/v (LC90). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We use electrical detection, in combination with microwave transmission, to investigate both resonant and nonresonant magnon-photon coupling at room temperature. Spin pumping in a dynamically coupled magnon-photon system is found to be distinctly different from previous experiments. Characteristic coupling features such as modes anticrossing, linewidth evolution, peculiar line shape, and resonance broadening are systematically measured and consistently analyzed by a theoretical model set on the foundation of classical electrodynamic coupling. Our experimental and theoretical approach paves the way for pursuing microwave coherent manipulation of pure spin current via the combination of spin pumping and magnon-photon coupling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Genome-wide association studies have identified genetic variants associating with BMI, however, it is un-clarified whether the same variants also influence body weight fluctuations. Methods Among 3,982 adult individuals that attended both a baseline and a five-year follow-up examination in the Danish Inter99 intervention study, a genetic risk score (GRS) was constructed based on 30 BMI variants to address whether it is associated with body weight changes. Moreover, it was examined whether the effect of lifestyle changes was modulated by the GRS. Results The GRS associated strongly with baseline body weight, with a per risk allele increase of 0.45 (0.33-0.58) kg ( P = 2.7 × 10−12), corresponding to a body weight difference of 3.41 (2.21-4.60) kg comparing the highest (≥ 30 risk alleles) and lowest (≤ 26 risk alleles) risk allele tertile. No association was observed with changes in body weight during the five years. Changes in lifestyle, including physical activity, diet and smoking habits associated strongly with body weight changes, however, no interactions with the GRS was observed. Conclusion The GRS associated with body weight cross-sectionally, but not with changes over a five-year period. Body weight changes were influenced by lifestyle changes, however, independently of the GRS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Peroxy radicals were measured by a PeRCA (Peroxy Radical Chemical Amplifier) instrument in the boundary layer during the DOMINO (Diel Oxidant Mechanisms In relation to Nitrogen Oxides) campaign at a coastal, forested site influenced by urban-industrial emissions in southern Spain in late autumn. Total peroxy radicals (RO2 _ =HO2 +∑RO2) generally showed a daylight maximum between 10 and 50 pptv at 13:00 UTC, with an average of 18 pptv over the 15 days of measurements. Emissions from the industrial area of Huelva often impacted the measurement site at night during the campaign. The processing of significant levels of anthropogenic organics leads to an intense nocturnal radical chemistry accompanied by formation of organic peroxy radicals at comparable levels to those of summer photochemical conditions with peak events up to 60-80 pptv. The RO2 production initiated by reactions of NO3 with organic trace gases was estimated to be significant, but not sufficient to account for the concentrations of RO2 "observed in air masses carrying high pollutant loading. The nocturnal production of peroxy radicals in those periods seems therefore to be dominated by ozonolysis of volatile organic compounds, in particular alkenes of industrial petrochemical origin. RO2 diurnal variations were consistent with HO2 measurements available at the site. HO2/RO2 " ratios generally varied between 0.3 and 0.6, though on some occasions this ratio was likely to have been affected by instrumental artifacts (overestimated HO2) associated with high RO2 loads. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Peroxy radicals were measured by a PeRCA (Peroxy Radical Chemical Amplifier) instrument in the boundary layer during the DOMINO (Diel Oxidant Mechanisms In relation to Nitrogen Oxides) campaign at a coastal, forested site influenced by urban-industrial emissions in Southern Spain in late autumn. Total peroxy radicals (RO2* = HO2 + ΣRO2) generally showed a daylight maximum between 10 and 50 pptv at 13:00UTC, with an average of 18 pptv over the 15 days of measurements. Emissions from the industrial area of Huelva often impacted the measurement site at night during the campaign. The processing of significant levels of anthropogenic organics leads to an intense nocturnal radical chemistry accompanied by formation of organic peroxy radicals at comparable levels to those of summer photochemical conditions with peak events up to 60-80 pptv. The RO2 production initiated by reactions of NO3 with organic trace gases was estimated to be significant but not sufficient to account for the concentrations of RO2* observed in air masses carrying high pollutant loading. The nocturnal production of peroxy radicals seems therefore to be dominated by ozonolysis of volatile organic compounds. RO2* diurnal variations were consistent with other HO2 measurements available at the site. HO2/RO2* ratios generally varied between 0.3 and 0.4 in all wind directions. Occasional HO2/RO2* ≥ 1 seemed to be associated with periods of high RO2* variability and with RO2 interferences in the HO2 measurement in air masses with high RO2 load. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work reviews and examines two particular issues related with the new technique of electrical detection of ferromagnetic resonance (FMR). This powerful technique has been broadly applied for studying magnetization and spin dynamics over the past ten years. The first issue is the relation and distinction between different mechanisms that give rise to a photovoltage via FMR in spintronic devices, and the second is the proper analysis of the FMR line shape, which has become the "Achilles heel" in interpreting experimental results, especially for either studying the spin pumping effect or quantifying spin Hall angles via the electrically detected FMR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A spin rectification effect due to the nonresonant magnetization motion has been found, which differs from the previously known spin rectification effect caused by the resonant magnetization precession at ferromagnetic resonance. A phase-resolved electrical detection technique has been used to measure the phase lag between the magnetization response and the driving microwave magnetic field, which demonstrates unambiguously the distinction between the resonant and nonresonant rectification effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phase-resolved ferromagnetic resonance spectra has been electrically measured via a spintronic Michelson interferometer, where the nonlinear coupling between the microwave electric field and magnetic field results in time-independent fields and currents. Besides the microwave power the strength of the electrical signal strongly depends on the relative phase of microwave fields at the ferromagnetic material. Therefore, using a ferromagnetic sensor enables a quantification of microwave transmission in both the phase and amplitude, and demonstrates precision and feasibility in the determination of complex dielectric constants in both ideal dielectric materials and strongly absorbing materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Moist convection in global modelling contributes significantly to the transport of energy, momentum, water and trace gases and aerosols within the troposphere. Since convective clouds are on a scale too small to be resolved in a global model their effects have to be parameterised. However, the whole process of moist convection and especially its parameterisations are associated with uncertainties. In contrast to previous studies on the impact of convection on trace gases, which had commonly neglected the convective transport for some or all compounds, we investigate this issue by examining simulations with five different convection schemes. This permits an uncertainty analysis due to the process formulation, without the inconsistencies inherent in entirely neglecting deep convection or convective tracer transport for one or more tracers. Both the simulated mass fluxes and tracer distributions are analysed. Investigating the distributions of compounds with different characteristics, e.g., lifetime, chemical reactivity, solubility and source distributions, some differences can be attributed directly to the transport of these compounds, whereas others are more related to indirect effects, such as the transport of precursors, chemical reactivity in certain regions, and sink processes. The model simulation data are compared with the average regional profiles of several measurement campaigns, and in detail with two campaigns in fall and winter 2005 in Suriname and Australia, respectively. The shorter-lived a compound is, the larger the differences and consequently the uncertainty due to the convection parameterisation are, as long as it is not completely controlled by local production that is independent of convection and its impacts (e.g. water vapour changes). Whereas for long-lived compounds like CO or O3 the mean differences between the simulations are less than 25%), differences for short-lived compounds reach up to ±100% with different convection schemes. A rating of an overall "best" performing scheme is difficult, since the optimal performance depends on the region and compound. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]