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Objective To compare the sensitivity of deleted in breast cancer 1 (DBC1) in triple-negative breast cancer cell lines HCC-70 and MDA-MB-231 to DNA damage agents. Methods The HCC-70 cell strain with DBC1 knockdown was generated by lentivirus infection. Etoposide was used to induce DNA damage. The DNA damage repair proteins and cell cycle regulation proteins were detected by Western blot; the cell survival rates were detected by CCK8 test; the apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. Results Etoposide changed cell survival rate and apoptosis of HCC-70 cells but not statistically significant, while the decrease of the survival rate and apoptosis level of MDA-MB-231 cells was significant (P＜ 0.001). There was a negative correlation between the expression of DBC1 protein in HCC-70 and MDA-MB-231 cells; after knocking down DBC1 in HCC-70 cells to close to the level of MDA-MB-231 cells, the level of Bloom's syndrom helicase(BLM), p21, cell survival rate (P＜0.001) and apoptosis rate (P＜0.01) were similar to those of MDA-MB-231 cells; the combination of ML216, an inhibitor of BLM, and etoposide significantly decreased the survival rate of MDA-MB-231 cells increased apoptosis (P＜0.01). Conclusions DBC1 is able to affect the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to DNA damage reagent etoposide and ML216 can increase the sensitivity of etoposide to breast cancer cells with low expression of DBC1.

Although scholars have conducted many studies on barchan dunes in deserts and sandy areas around the world, few studies have been conducted on the morphological characteristics and changes in movement patterns of barchan dunes in the Yamarak Desert, China. To assess the changes in and movement patterns of these dunes, As well as the impact on the wind-sand hazards and geohazards around the study area, we selected several typical barchan dunes of different sizes in the Yamarak Desert and measured and calculated their morphologies using a combination of a 3-D laser scanner (RIEGL VZ-2000) and remote sensing image interpretation. The results show that the average coverage of the barchan dunes in the Yamarak Desert was 37.19%. Moreover, 62.81% of this area was covered by interdune sites. The movement velocity of the barchan dunes in this study area was 0–20 m/a, with an average movement velocity of 8.45 m/a. Of these dunes, 44.18% were fast-dominated dunes, 37.20% were particularly fast-dominated dunes, and 18.62% were moderately fast-dominated dunes. The barchan dunes moved in the 95–130° direction, which was basically consistent with the main wind direction of the area. The determination and function fitting of the barchan dune morphology shows that the correlation coefficients between all of the morphological parameters are greater than 0.8, except for the degree of spread and the symmetry of the two wings. We suggest adding the influences of other factors affecting barchan dunes and dune chains in the Yamarak Desert in future studies and paying attention to new wind-sand hazards and geohazards in the downwind corridor.

The muon collider provides a unique opportunity to study the vector boson scattering processes and dimension-8 operators contributing to anomalous quartic gauge couplings (aQGCs). Because of the cleaner final state, it is easier to decode subprocess and certain operator couplings at a muon collider. We attempt to identify the anomalous WWWW coupling in the exclusive WW → WW scattering in this paper. Since one aQGC can be induced by multiple dimension-8 operators, the study of one coupling can help to confine different operators. Meanwhile, singling out the WW → WW process can help to study the unitarity bounds. The vector boson scattering process corresponding to the anomalous WWWW coupling is μ+μ− → νν ν ¯ ν ¯ ℓ+ℓ−, with four (anti-)neutrinos in the final state, which brings troubles in phenomenological studies. In this paper, the machine learning method is used to tackle this problem. We find that, the artificial neural network is helpful to extract the W+W− → W+W− contribution, and reconstruct the center of mass energy of the subprocess which is important in the study of the Standard Model effective field theory. The sensitivities and the expected constraints on the dimension-8 operators at the muon collider with s = 30 TeV are presented. We demonstrate that the artificial neural networks exhibit great potential in the phenomenological study of processes with multiple neutrinos in the final state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Arabidopsis thaliana GOLDEN2-LIKE ( GLKs ) transcription factors play important roles in regulation of photosynthesis-associated nuclear genes, as well as participate in chloroplast development. However, the involvement of GLK s in plants resistance to virus remains largely unknown. Here, the relationship between GLK s and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) stress response was investigated. Our results showed that the Arabidopsis glk1glk2 double-mutant was more susceptible to CMV infection and suffered more serious damages (such as higher oxidative damages, more compromised in PSII photochemistry and more reactive oxygen species accumulation) when compared with the wild-type plants. Interestingly, there was little difference between single mutant ( glk1 or glk2 ) and wild-type plants in response to CMV infection, suggesting GLK1 and GLK2 might function redundant in virus resistance in Arabidopsis . Furthermore, the induction of antioxidant system and defense-associated genes expression in the double mutant were inhibited when compared with single mutant or wild-type plants after CMV infection. Further evidences showed that salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) might be involved in GLKs -mediated virus resistance, as SA or JA level and synthesis-related genes transcription were impaired in glk1glk2 mutant. Taken together, our results indicated that GLKs played a positively role in virus resistance in Arabidopsis . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study of tissue distribution of classical swine fever virus in acute infection stage using SYBR real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay, which showed high sensitivity and specificity compared with common PCR and nested PCR method.

Abstract: Arctiin, an important lignan compound in Fructus Arctii, has been reported to possess various kinds of bioactivities. Previous studies on the pharmacokinetic of arctiin after oral administration showed that it had a rapid absorption phase followed by a sharp but lasting disappearance. To gain deep insight into the action mechanism of arctiin, the excretion and metabolism of arctiin in vivo should be further studied. In this paper, three metabolites were isolated and identified in rat feces as (−)-enterolactone (M-1), (−)-arctigenin (M-2) and [(2R,3R)-2-(3′-hydroxybenzyl)-3-(3″,4″-dimethoxybenzyl)-butyrolactone] (M-3). Based on the structures of three metabolites, possible metabolic pathways of arctiin in rats are proposed. At the same time, the cumulative excretion rate of arctiin and its metabolites in rat urine and feces were determined, indicating that arctiin was excreted 19.84% in urine and 1.80% in feces, respectively, enterolactone, the most main metabolite, was excreted 35.80% in feces. These results provide very important information for understanding the metabolism and excretion of arctiin in vivo and speculating its action mechanism, they can provide useful information and reference for further metabolic investigations on arctiin in humans. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]