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1. Virtual radioactive source system for exercises modeling high doses

Author

Bodor Károly, Csalótzky Zsolt, Pető János, Völgyesi Péter, Gulyás Attila, Kaposy Nándor, and Zagyvai Péter

Subjects
virtual radioactive source, training site exercise, radiation protection, high-dose rate simulation, unknown radioactive source, Science
Abstract

This article presents the possibilities of working in a virtual high-dose rate field following a procedure developed at the Nuclear Security Department of the Centre for Energy Research (EK NSD) in Budapest. Real-life simulation of a radiation survey and a radiation risk assessment as well as searching for lost radioactive sources, monitoring surface contamination (SC), in addition to localizing and overseeing materials out of regulatory control (e.g., at a radiological crime scene) are only possible under inactive conditions or in low-dose rate environments in accordance with the as low as resonably achievable (ALARA) principle. A virtual radioactive source system (VRSS) developed at the Nuclear Security Department (NSD) makes it possible to simulate “measured” values very accurately, even in a high-dose rate environment, but without exposing trainees to radiation hazards.

Published
2024
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3. Network of large pedigrees reveals social practices of Avar communities

Author

Gnecchi-Ruscone, Guido Alberto, Rácz, Zsófia, Samu, Levente, Szeniczey, Tamás, Faragó, Norbert, Knipper, Corina, Friedrich, Ronny, Zlámalová, Denisa, Traverso, Luca, Liccardo, Salvatore, Wabnitz, Sandra, Popli, Divyaratan, Wang, Ke, Radzeviciute, Rita, Gulyás, Bence, Koncz, István, Balogh, Csilla, Lezsák, Gabriella M., Mácsai, Viktor, Bunbury, Magdalena M. E., Spekker, Olga, le Roux, Petrus, Szécsényi-Nagy, Anna, Mende, Balázs Gusztáv, Colleran, Heidi, Hajdu, Tamás, Geary, Patrick, Pohl, Walter, Vida, Tivadar, Krause, Johannes, and Hofmanová, Zuzana

Published
2024
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4. Solar permeability of different tree species in Szeged, Hungary

Author

Takács Ágnes, Kiss Márton, Gulyás Ágnes, Tanács Eszter, and Kántor Noémi

Subjects
shading potential, transmissivity, urban trees, Szeged, Hungary, Geography (General), G1-922
Abstract

The heat stress modification capacity of urban trees is widely acknowledged and makes these natural landscape elements very important in the field of climate conscious urban planning. Many studies proved that shading, i.e. the reduction of direct solar radiation is the most effective way to moderate summer heat stress under Central European climatic conditions. The investigation aims at determining the transmissivity of four tree species that occur frequently in Hungarian cities: Sophora japonica, Tilia cordata, Celtis occidentalis and Aesculus hippocastanum. In order to accomplish that, a systematic radiation measurement campaign was carried out in the South-Hungarian city of Szeged, from early summer (foliated condition of trees) to late autumn (nearly leafless condition). Short-wave radiation from the upper hemisphere was measured with Kipp & Zonen pyranometers under carefully selected tree specimens (transmitted radiation), as well as on a roof station free from sky obstruction (actual value of global radiation). The calculated transmissivity values varied greatly with the seasonal status of the canopy (the median value of transmissivity increased from 0.03 to 0.47 in case of A. hippocastanum), and we found considerable inter-species differences too, evidencing that solar permeability depends on the amount of leaves, leaf density and other tree crown-related characteristics.

Published
2016

5. Investigation Of Tree Stands Of Public Spaces In Szeged

Author

Takács Ágnes, Kiss Márton, Tanács Eszter, Varga Levente, and Gulyás Ágnes

Subjects
urban tree, green space management, tree database, greenformatic, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

In urban areas vegetation (especially woody vegetation) is of utmost importance, since it affects the ecological conditions of the city. Urban trees play an important role in improving urban climate both at the local (city, district) and the micro-level (e.g. in public squares). Establishing and maintaining advanced and detailed information systems necessary for the management of urban tree stands is an important task of environmental and climate-conscious city management. Despite that, few of the Hungarian municipalities have a regularly updated tree database. The city of Szeged started efficient green space management in autumn 2013, when we started the creation of a detailed and up-to-date tree register for the public areas, which has been continuously expanded ever since. The survey of the present study covers the period of the growing season, from late spring to early autumn of 2013. All the trees are included in the survey and quite a number of data are recorded for each individual (e.g. species, age, size parameters, exact location, health status, etc.). The recorded data are paper-based, however they are included in a GIS-based green space inventory software, Greenformatic, where coordinates are associated to each object, while information on the state of the tree, its location and handling can be found in the attribute table. The trees included are mostly concentrated in the inner city of Szeged, but the surveys will gradually cover ever larger areas of the city. The results highlight the fact that the structural attributes of the different species’ populations are formed by the integrated effect of the species’ urban tolerance and planting policies of the past decades. The current database already allows highly complex analysis, which contributes to the well-being of city residents.

Published
2015
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6. The role of ecosystem services in climate and air quality in urban areas: Evaluating carbon sequestration and air pollution removal by street and park trees in Szeged (Hungary)

Author

Kiss Márton, Takács Ágnes, Pogácsás Réka, and Gulyás Ágnes

Subjects
urban ecosystem services, carbon sequestration, air pollution removal, szeged, hungary, Geography (General), G1-922
Abstract

The evaluation of ecosystem services can provide essential help in incorporatating the multifunctionality of urban ecosystems in planning and management processes. Two important regulating services of urban trees, carbon sequestration and air pollution removal, are evaluated in this article for different types of tree stands (streets, parks) in the city centre of Szeged (Hungary). The necessary calculations were carried out by an adaptation of the targeted model (i-Tree Eco), based on a large complete tree inventory dataset. The analyses revealed the main tendencies in differences between tree species considering the tree condition, which affects the service-providing capacity to a high degree. The effects of differences in tree management on the chosen ecosystem services were investigated by comparing two pairs of tree alleys. Based on our observations, clear cuts and complete tree alley changes are not advisable from an ecosystem service point of view.

Published
2015
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15. URBAN TREE CROWN PROJECTION AREA MAPPING WITH OBJECT BASED IMAGE ANALYSIS FOR URBAN ECOSYSTEM SERVICE INDICATOR DEVELOPMENT

Author

TAKÁCS ÁGNES, TANÁCS ESZTER, KISS M., and GULYÁS ÁGNES

Subjects
ecosystem services, crown projection area, eCognition, object-based analysis, Meteorology. Climatology, QC851-999
Abstract

The continuous expansion of built-up areas in the urban environment at the expense of green spaces brings up numerous environmental problems, for which accurate and efficient solutions should be found. The assessment of ecosystem services developed within the field of landscape ecology is playing an ever more important role in environmental sciences and thus may offer suitable answers. Such assessments can be carried out by developing indicators. Accordingly, in the case of urban trees, an accurate quantitative characterization of their services (such as e.g. carbon sequestration, pollutant removal and microclimate regulation) is also needed. The aim of this study is to establish a generally applicable method based on indicator development, using widely available data. In the case of urban green spaces there are several services for which the development of proper indicators and evaluation methods requires a delineation of tree crowns, or at least the crown projection area. Accordingly, in our work, we map the crown projection area of a large and popular urban park of Szeged, Széchenyi square, using object-based image analysis on UltraCamD digital orthophotos. Following a multiresolution segmentation the classification of the resulting objects was carried out, using the eCognition image analysis software. Besides fulfilling the policy objectives related to the evaluation of urban ecosystem services, the produced crown base can also be used in several other types of urban ecological and urban climatological studies (e.g. urban climate modelling, human-comfort assessment). In this paper the first results are presented.

Published
2014

25. Molecular imaging of bacterial outer membrane vesicles based on bacterial surface display

Author

Szöllősi, Dávid, Hajdrik, Polett, Tordai, Hedvig, Horváth, Ildikó, Veres, Dániel S., Gillich, Bernadett, Shailaja, Kanni Das, Smeller, László, Bergmann, Ralf, Bachmann, Michael, Mihály, Judith, Gaál, Anikó, Jezsó, Bálint, Barátki, Balázs, Kövesdi, Dorottya, Bősze, Szilvia, Szabó, Ildikó, Felföldi, Tamás, Oszwald, Erzsébet, Padmanabhan, Parasuraman, Gulyás, Balázs Zoltán, Hamdani, Nazha, Máthé, Domokos, Varga, Zoltán, and Szigeti, Krisztián

Published
2023
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27. Whole genomes from bacteria collected at diagnostic units around the world 2020

Author

Nag, Sidsel, Larsen, Gunhild, Szarvas, Judit, Birkedahl, Laura Elmlund Kohl, Gulyás, Gábor Máté, Ciok, Wojchiech Jakub, Lagermann, Timmie Mikkel, Tafaj, Silva, Bradbury, Susan, Collignon, Peter, Daley, Denise, Dougnon, Victorien, Fabiyi, Kafayath, Coulibaly, Boubacar, Dembélé, René, Nikiema, Georgette, Magloire, Natama, Ouindgueta, Isidore Juste, Hossain, Zenat Zebin, Begum, Anowara, Donchev, Deyan, Diggle, Mathew, Turnbull, LeeAnn, Lévesque, Simon, Berlinger, Livia, Sogaard, Kirstine Kobberoe, Guevara, Paula Diaz, Valderrama, Carolina Duarte, Maikanti, Panagiota, Amlerova, Jana, Drevinek, Pavel, Tkadlec, Jan, Dilas, Milica, Kaasch, Achim, Westh, Henrik Torkil, Bachtarzi, Mohamed Azzedine, Amhis, Wahiba, Salazar, Carolina Elisabeth Satán, Villacis, JoséEduardo, Lúzon, Mária Angeles Dominguez, Palau, Dámaris Berbel, Duployez, Claire, Paluche, Maxime, Asante-Sefa, Solomon, Moller, Mie, Ip, Margaret, Mareković, Ivana, Pál-Sonnevend, Agnes, Cocuzza, Clementiza Elvezia, Dambrauskiene, Asta, Macanze, Alexandre, Cossa, Anelsio, Mandomando, Inácio, Nwajiobi-Princewill, Philip, Okeke, Iruka N., Kehinde, Aderemi O., Adebiyi, Ini, Akintayo, Ifeoluwa, Popoola, Oluwafemi, Onipede, Anthony, Blomfeldt, Anita, Nyquist, Nora Elisabeth, Bocker, Kiri, Ussher, James, Ali, Amjad, Ullah, Nimat, Khan, Habibullah, Gustafson, Natalie Weiler, Jarrar, Ikhlas, Al-Hamad, Arif, Luvira, Viravarn, Paveenkittiporn, Wantana, Baran, Irmak, Mwansa, James C. L., Sikakwa, Linda, Yamba, Kaunda, Hendriksen, Rene Sjogren, and Aarestrup, Frank Moller

Published
2023
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43. The Carbon State in Dilute Germanium Carbides

Author

Gulyas, I. A., Stephenson, C. A., Meng, Qian, Bank, S. R., and Wistey, M. A.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Physics - Computational Physics
Abstract

Conduction and valence band states for the highly mismatched alloy (HMA) Ge:C are projected onto Ge crystal states, Ge vacancy states, and Ge/C atomic orbitals, revealing that substitutional carbon not only creates a direct bandgap, but the new conduction band is optically active. Overlap integrals of the new Ge:C conduction band with bands of pure Ge shows the new band has almost no Ge band character. C sites structurally mimic uncharged vacancies in the Ge lattice, similar to Hjalmarson's model for other HMAs. C perturbs the entire Ge band structure even at the deepest crystal core energy levels. Projection onto atomic sites shows relatively weak localization compared with other HMAs, but does show a strong anisotropy in probability distribution. L-valley conduction band states in Ge are ruled out as major contributors to the carbon state in Ge:C, both by weak inner products between these states and by a negligible effect on optical transition strength when adding C., Comment: 11 pages with references, 5 figures

Published
2019
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