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This study presents research on the opinions and behaviours towards gambling and sports betting of 150 high school students and on the formative cycle in animation and physical sports activities (hereinafter: TAFAD) at the public educational centre in the city of Valencia (Spain). The results show that there are 50% of adolescent men and less than 20% of adolescent women who bet or have bet. However, it was determined that 15% of men bet more money than expected; 5.6% of men used money that was not theirs to gamble; in addition, 6.7% of men and 3.3% of women borrowed money to gamble. A total of 13.5% of men and 3.3% of women stated that they had arguments about betting with relatives and/or friends. Finally, it was determined that 46% of men and 39.3% of womenbelieved that betting was a problem in their life; 6.7% of men believed that they needed professional help, and none of woman believed that they needed professional help. TAFAD students are the largest bettinggroup, followed by third- and fourth-year secondary education students in the case of gambling, followed by the first-year of secondary education students in the case of sports betting. A total of 47% of men,who do sports, gamble, compared to 30.3% of those who do not do sports. However, with respect to sports betting, of those who do sports, 47% bet, compared to 38.5% of those who do not do sports. Finally, it was determined that gender and the course of study affect the bettingbehaviour. However, the results for individuals whodo sports differ from the results of those who do not do sports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sporting events have become an important promotional tool for large cities, as they manage to generate levels of diffusion that would be economically unviable through advertising campaigns (Núñez, Calabuig, Añó, & Parra, 2014). These events have a high level of social repercussion and a strong presence in the media, thus generating a source of income for the cities (Añó, 2003). In this case, the relationship between the different dimensions of perceived quality and the competition elements regarding the satisfaction of the spectators of a Spanish Athletics Championship has been analysed to understand which elements have a greater influence on the achievement of higher levels of satisfaction, which will make the event more successful and generate a better perception of the event and the city that hosts it. In addition, the aim is to check whether the evaluations made by spectators show differences according to their age and gender, as well as their previous experience attending sporting events. The results show, at a descriptive level, that both spectators over 35 years of age and spectators who are women value the dimensions analysed most positively; differences are observed between these groups with respect to some of the analysed dimensions, whereas, regarding previous experience at events, the opinions are more equally distributed. For regression analysis, all the dimensions of perceived quality and the competition elements have a significant influence on user satisfaction, wherein the outcome quality and the competition elements are the most important elements in this prediction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The incidence of bacterial infections in general and of bacteremia in particular is high among patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The factors influencing the prognosis of bacteremia in these patients are not well known. In order to better define those factors associated with a poor prognosis, all episodes of bacteremia or fungemia in patients with AIDS who were hospitalized in four general hospitals between 1 September 1987 and 31 December 1996 were studied prospectively. Among 1,390 patients diagnosed with AIDS, 238 (17.1%) developed 274 episodes of bacteremia or fungemia. Mortality related to bacteremia was 21.3%. Variables associated with high mortality were fungemia (odds ratio [OR], 6.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.99–19.28), hypotension (OR, 19.65; 95%CI, 7.42–52.07), inappropriate antimicrobial treatment (OR, 16.94; 95%CI, 4.92–58.32), and unknown origin of bacteremia (OR, 3.93; 95%CI, 1.58–9.76). The mortality rate among patients with at least one of these factors was 46.7%, whereas in patients without any of these factors, the rate was 4.9% (P<0.001). Bacteremic episodes of unknown origin were significantly more frequently associated with community acquisition (P=0.001), inappropriate antimicrobial treatment (P=0.04), and etiology by gram-negative microorganisms or fungi (P<0.001) and were significantly less frequently associated with the presence of a previous intravenous catheter (P=0.004), resulting in peculiar etiologic and epidemiological profiles. The factors that influence the outcome of AIDS patients who develop bacteremia are sometimes avoidable or known during the first days after admission. Therefore, knowledge about these factors could improve the prognosis of bloodstream infections in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]