1. Formation and transport of lead oxide in a non-isothermal lead-bismuth eutectic loop
- Author
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Kris Rosseel, Kristof Gladinez, J. Lim, Alessandro Marino, Geraldine Heynderickx, and Alexander Aerts
- Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Materials science ,Lead-bismuth eutectic ,020209 energy ,Population ,Nucleation ,Oxide ,Thermodynamics ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,Isothermal process ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0103 physical sciences ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,General Materials Science ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality ,education ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Lead oxide ,Eutectic system ,education.field_of_study ,Mechanical Engineering ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,chemistry ,Particle-size distribution - Abstract
Lead oxide (PbO) formation can occur in Lead-Bismuth Eutectic (LBE)-cooled nuclear systems in case of oxygen ingress or temperature decrease of the coolant beyond the normal operation ranges. In the present work the formation of lead oxide in an actively cooled LBE flow is studied. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is used to predict the nucleation, growth and dissolution of PbO particles. Solid oxide particles are modeled as a pseudo-continuous phase, using the Kinetic Theory of Granular Flow (KTGF) to account for particle-flow interaction. The particle size distribution (PSD) is accounted for using Population Balance Equations/Models (PBE/PBM). The results obtained from the model are qualitatively in good agreement with experimental results obtained in the MEXICO loop at SCK·CEN. The calculated PSD reveals that the majority of the oxide particles are expected to be in the sub-micron range. Experimental results indicate that in the studied conditions PbO nucleates in the LBE bulk leading to suspended particles in the LBE flow.
- Published
- 2019
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