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The most important feature of an optical fiber waveguide is its bandwidth, which defines its information-carrying capacity, A major limitation on the bandwidth of multimode glass and plastic optical fibers is modal dispersion, in which different optical modes propagate at different velocities and the dispersion grows linearly with length. However, in plastic optical fibers, experimental and theoretical results indicate that the modes are not independent but are highly coupled, which leads to a characteristic square-root length dependence and an unanticipated large enhancement of the bandwidth to gigahertz levels. The ever increasing demands for tow-cost, high-bandwidth communications media for voice, video, and data transmission in short- and medium-distance applications are generating a new assessment of multimode optical fibers to serve as high-speed fiber links., Optical communication systems based on glass optical fibers (GOFs) allow communication signals to be transmitted not only over long distances with low attenuation but also at extremely high data rates, [...]

Linear conjugated molecules can be converted to a state of optical nonlinearity by optically exciting the molecules at one wavelength so that the optical susceptibility value can be improved by more than two orders of magnitude without raising optical absorption at the probe wavelength. The molecules can thus be rendered usable for all-optical applications such as optically bistable switches and nonlinear directional couplers.

A one-dimensional charge transfer complex helped discover the exciton n-strings, thereby increasing the information regarding nonlinear optical process in organic systems. High-performance conjugated organics and polymers exhibiting a wide range of ultra-fast, highly nonlinear optical excitations are an excellent choice for technologically useful nonlinear materials.

Single-mode perfluoropolymer waveguide structures exhibiting a polarization-independent ultra low loss of <0.05 dB/cm at 1310 nm and <0.07 dB/cm at 1550 nm with a Δn of 1.6% have been fabricated for the first time. These new low-loss structures indicate relatively high-power-handling reliability at 1310 and 1550 nm. Based on this, a highly efficient arrayed-waveguide grating multi-demultiplexer with a crosstalk of 30±2 dB and an insertion loss of 2.8±0.3 dB is realized. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]