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Copyright of Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural is the property of Sociedad Espanola para el Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural is the property of Sociedad Espanola para el Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Neste traballo estúdanse os resultados das terminacións -ANAM e -ANAS no concello de Castrelo do Val, na comarca verinesa, no conxunto do galego e no continuum dialectal galegoportugués. Os datos foron obtidos dunha indagación de campo propia, do ALGa, do ALPI, da NEnq e doutras investigacións sobre o galego e o portugués. Conclúese que a redución da terminación plural (-áns ˃ -ás) se deu primeiro cá eliminación da consoante final no singular (-án -˃ á). Isto explica que a forma occidentalizante -ns ocupe un territorio menor có da variante singular -án. Os cambios rexistrados entre as enquisas do ALPI, do ALGa e da NEnq son pequenos, mostran que hai moita continuidade lingüística de 1934 a 2008 e permiten ver que a terminación plural -ás e a singular -á gañan terreo moi devagar.

Copyright of CIRCULO de Linguistica Aplicada a la Comunicacion is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El propósito (des) cortés de los piropos suscita debate, ya que, a pesar de ser una valoración positiva de la persona destinataria, se entienden como un acto de habla arriesgado que puede poner en peligro la imagen tanto de la persona enunciadora como de la destinataria; además de ser considerados por muchas personas una práctica masculina abusiva hacia las mujeres que contribuye a la perpetuación de la desigualdad de género. Este estudio se acerca a la práctica discursiva de los piropos en gallego entre gente joven y analiza en qué contextos las/los hablantes consideran adecuado o no realizar el acto de piropear. Examina, asimismo, qué estrategias de cortesía (Brown y Levinson, 1987) eligen para enfrentar el acto de amenaza a la imagen que puede desencadenar la enunciación de un piropo, así como los factores que condicionan su elección. Los datos analizados proceden de un cuestionario tipo DCT (Discourse Completion Task), del que se analizaron las respuestas de 100 participantes. Este cuestionario está compuesto de 16 situaciones, en las que se controlan distintas variables que se prevé que pueden condicionar la actuación de las/los hablantes (distancia social, poder relativo, grado de imposición y grado de formalidad). Nuestro análisis indica que la práctica del piropo en la cultura de esta gente joven es percibida como potencialmente conflictiva y requiere de una cortesía mitigadora, que nos situaría ante una manifestación cultural de distanciamiento. Sin embargo, el grado de confianza entre las personas que participan en la interacción resulta determinante en la elección de sus estrategias, que muestran una fuerte polarización: mayoritariamente consideran que en contextos de poca confianza es un acto amenazante y prefieren evitar realizar el acto de habla; por el contrario, en contextos de confianza optan por una estrategia abierta y directa, pues lo interpretan como un acto que refuerza la cortesía y no lo perciben como peligroso.

Copyright of Revista de Filología Románica is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Este trabajo describe algunos rasgos lingüísticos presentes en testimonios de los siglos XIII y XIV pertenecientes al fondo del monasterio de San Andrés de Espinareda, redactados en el propio monasterio o en lugares próximos enclavados en El Bierzo. El análisis de los rasgos seleccionados, tanto fonéticos como morfológicos, ofrece una clara muestra de hibridismo en el registro escrito empleado.

Copyright of Studies in Hispanic & Lusophone Linguistics is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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The present research addresses the nominative case systems of the Galician personal pronouns and shows the possibilities that the mapping of linguistic zones based on a system of elements opens up for Galician dialectology. The territory occupied by the different linguistic convergences and their contextualization in the Galician-Portuguese dialectal continuum are also investigated. In addition to the most relevant bibliography, data from the ALGa (Galician linguistic atlas) were used for the analysis of Galician as a whole, and surveys and recordings were implemented to study the particularities of Galician in the municipality of Castrelo do Val and the region of Verín. The convergences detected do not match the three linguistic blocks proposed by Galician dialectology. The nominative case system of the personal pronoun of the Irian diocese is the most commonly used but its use is not as large as the Western Block. The second largest system is the Auriense, but it is less than half the size of the Central Block. The other systems detected occupy smaller areas than the two already mentioned. Among them, we can find the system used in the municipality of Castrelo do Val and the prototypical form from Verín, which only departs from the main system of the Galician-Portuguese continuum in the use of el instead of ele and in the pronunciation of ela with a close-mid front vowel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural is the property of Sociedad Espanola para el Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Each individual, regardless of their age, has their own linguistic practices within the family as well as some ideological beliefs regarding the choice of language in a multilingual society. As such, home linguistic practices are especially relevant to understand the process of intergenerational transmission of a minority language. Drawing on ethnographic data, including field notes and observation, individual semi-structured interviews with parents, and two focus groups with four families each, the main objective of this article is to investigate the parental strategies used for the intergenerational transmission of Galician in urban and semi-urban habitats of Galicia, where Spanish is the main language of socialization. The endeavour is also to inform about the agency of pro-Galician parents who, through their individual linguistic ideologies, planning, and practices, play a significant role in preserving and revitalizing Galician outside of school, particularly in the domestic sphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Laocoonte is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Estetica y Teoria de las Artes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Madrygal: Revista de Estudios Gallegos is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Madrygal: Revista de Estudios Gallegos is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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En este artículo se presentan los resultados parciales de un trabajo de investigación sobre percepciones, actitudes y usos lingüísticos de la juventud de Pontevedra en torno al contacto y cambio lingüístico. Este estudio se basa en un test de percepción de la variación lingüística y en un cuestionario sociolingüístico en los que participaron 219 alumnos y alumnas de primero y cuarto de la ESO, procedentes de diferentes tipos de hábitat del ayuntamiento de Pontevedra. En concreto, en este artículo, se exponen los resultados obtenidos del primer bloque del cuestionario sociolingüístico que nos permiten conocer la competencia declarada y las prácticas lingüísticas en diferentes ámbitos de uso, así como cuestiones relacionadas con los cambios en el repertorio lingüístico. Los resultados generales muestran un entorno profundamente castellanizado, especialmente, en ámbitos fundamentales para la juventud como son las plataformas digitales de contenido audiovisual y las redes sociales.

Copyright of Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural is the property of Sociedad Espanola para el Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this paper is to analyse oral data obtained through interviews in order to contribute to the research on family language policies (PLF) in Galicia. The analysis reveals the configuration of two subtypes of intergenerational language transmission: 'double degalleguisation' and 'regalleguisation'. In both cases, the first generation (the parents of our informants) is represented by Galician speakers who used Spanish when raising their children (our informants). We speak of double degalleguisation when this second generation maintains the use of Spanish with the third generation (their own descendants), while regalleguisation is defined by the reestablishment of Galician. The level of sociolinguistic consciousness of the informants is very low in the first case, which is consequently interpreted as an implicit PLF, guided by the habitus (Bourdieu, 1991), while the regalleguisation is based on a PLF that is marked by intervention and explicit language planning (Bastardas, 2016). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Quintana: Revista do Departamento de Historia da Arte USC is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Quintana: Revista do Departamento de Historia da Arte USC is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Langage & Societe is the property of Fondation Maison des Sciences de l'Homme and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Quaderns: Revista de Traducció is the property of Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural is the property of Sociedad Espanola para el Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural is the property of Sociedad Espanola para el Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Este artículo se centra en los problemas que plantea el estudio histórico de las variedades del español en las zonas bilingües de la península ibérica, un aspecto que tiende a obviarse en la bibliografía especializada. Para ello se presenta un estado de la cuestión de la diacronía del español de tres zonas -Galicia, Navarra y Mallorca- en donde se ha venido dando el contacto con gallego, vasco y catalán, respectivamente. Para cada una de estas zonas se refiere el contexto sociohistórico del contacto, los principales estudios disponibles y los proyectos de corpus documentales, incipientes o ya en proceso. El amplio número de fenómenos de interés teórico que se da en estas variedades justifica la necesidad de continuar desarrollando materiales para su estudio; en este sentido se apuntan algunas propuestas de futuro que permitirán avanzar en estas líneas de trabajo.

En este trabajo describimos los tonemas más frecuentes en enunciados declarativos y en enunciados interrogativos absolutos y parciales de la fala, lengua galaico-portuguesa hablada en la Sierra de Gata (Cáceres, Extremadura). La fala está compuesta por tres variedades: valverdeiru, lagarteiru y mañegu. Se ha grabado a 12 hablantes en habla conversacional y habla leída. Comparamos los principales tonemas de la fala con las lenguas de su familia, gallego y portugués, y con la lengua de contacto, el castellano. Se distinguen por un lado el valverdeiru, más castellanizado y, por otro, el lagarteiru y el mañegu, con mayor presencia de rasgos galaico-portugueses.

El presente artículo ofrece una aproximación a la alternancia, en la lengua gallega, entre estructuras con valor locativo en las que el elemento modificativo es de (excepcionalmente a) + pronombre personal (construcción tradicional) y aquella otra, innovadora, en la que aparece el posesivo en femenino. Partiendo de que la expansión del posesivo a este tipo de unidades tiene un fundamento analógico, se estudia el proceso de avance de la innovación a través de ejemplos procedentes de dos corpus fundamentales: el Tesouro Informatizado da Lingua Galega y el Corpus de Referencia do Galego Actual. Las conclusiones se contrastan con otras dos compilaciones de materiales textuales: el Corpus Oral do Instituto da Lingua Galega y el Corpus ESLORA de español oral, este último pertinente dada la situación de contacto de lenguas existente en Galicia. El punto de partida del análisis es una visión más preocupada por la explicación del proceso de cambio que por la determinación del origen endógeno o exógeno de este, aunque esta cuestión también es abordada. El Atlas Lingüístico Galego, cuya información sobre el fenómeno se analiza, permite testimoniar que la innovación estaba ya presente en hablas populares gallegas de los años 70 del siglo XX. Del análisis de los corpus se concluye que un determinado tipo de estructuras, aquellas nucleadas por los adverbios diante, detrás / atrás y por la preposición tras, presentan la innovación de manera más precoz (en el primer tercio del siglo XX) y pueden haber servido de vía de entrada para el posesivo, por la diversidad de construcciones que admiten tradicionalmente. El avance porcentual de la construcción innovadora y su diversificación a la práctica totalidad de estructuras locativas se produce en el último tercio del siglo XX. El español de Galicia presenta las mismas tendencias constructivas que caracterizan a la lengua gallega.

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar las propiedades y distribución de los verbos ser y estar en el contexto de las oraciones copulativas con atributo adjetival en las lenguas romances ibéricas y explicar las diferencias que se encuentran entre las lenguas ibéricas occidentales (gallego, portugués, español), por un lado, y orientales (catalán), por otro. Para ello, tras confeccionar un detallado paradigma de datos, este se explicará siguiendo la propuesta desarrollada para el español por Gumiel-Molina, Moreno-Quibén y Pérez-Jiménez 2015a. Para entender las especificidades del catalán, se habrá de tener en cuenta el proceso de cambio lingüístico que se está dando en esta lengua, según el cual conviven en ella sincrónicamente dos formas estar, una que funciona como verbo aspectual durativo-resultativo y otra que funciona como cópula resultativa. Además, mostraremos que las lenguas ibéricas occidentales reflejan un estadio más innovador en el proceso de gramaticalización sufrido por la forma estar desde el latín, que permite explicar que el denominado «uso evidencial de estar» esté plenamente extendido en español pero no lo esté en catalán.

Copyright of Madrygal: Revista de Estudios Gallegos is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Madrygal: Revista de Estudios Gallegos is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Madrygal: Revista de Estudios Gallegos is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Madrygal: Revista de Estudios Gallegos is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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This study aims at analysing the translations of The Boy in the Dress (Walliams, 2008) into Spanish (2014) and Galician (2018) from a gender perspective under the assumption that children's literature and its translation contribute to teaching gender equality to boys and girls. Following Marco Borillo's proposal of comparative translation analysis (2001), the references to gender issues are identified and discussed. Criteria involved in the creation and interpretation context enable us to assess the translators' decisions concerning cultural context and linguistic issues. Conclusions are drawn so as to discern if the possible shifts or deviations can be justified. As it is a book addressed to children, intervention could be accepted so as to adapt the text to the receptor's skills. The key role of translation in the revitalization process of Galician language has also been considered. Obviously, the nuances underlying gender issues should be maintained in both target texts to promote gender equality and break stereotypes. In fact, the writer himself intended to highlight the fact that each person is unique. In his view, adults are hypocritical as they establish their own limits not allowing children to live a life without prejudice. The research proves that the translation of this book into Galician maintains most gender issues references, respecting the author's intention and the role of Galician language. By contrast, the translation into Spanish modifies too many points with no apparent justification, affecting the author's intention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Oceánide is the property of Spanish Society for the Study of Popular Culture (SELICUP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Madrygal: Revista de Estudios Gallegos is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Madrygal: Revista de Estudios Gallegos is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Madrygal: Revista de Estudios Gallegos is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Studying the actions of several institutions, as well as the popular belief according to which Galician people and Portuguese people have enough common ground as to fully understand each other, this article considers the reality of the matter in the context of international negotiation. We will study the use of the Galician language in international business, and then refute—or not—the hypothesis which indicates that the use of Galician can be the first step in a mutual understanding, but that it is necessary to be more deeply immersed in the language before facing an international negotiation—immersed in a way that also includes cultural knowledge.

Along history, Galician language has passed through golden and dark ages. Its speakers have been victims of a marginalization that took them to a deep situation of diglossia. Its survival is threatened, even getting to the situation of non-transmission of the language within the family. Since the instauration of democracy, the passing of the Statute of Autonomy, the Linguistic Normalization Law and the General Plan for the Normalization of Galician Language, the language has official recognition, but it is still far from being in a position of full social and institutional normalization.

This article introduces bibliometrics as a discipline dealing with the analysis of communication flows as applied to academic fields in this case. I then provide a brief overview of bibliometrics in its relationship to translation studies. Finally, it is all illustrated by means of a diachronic study of translation studies in Galician, using the data available in BITRA (Bibliography of Interpreting and Translation), an open-access metatheoretical database which comprised over 70,000 entries as of 2017, and which is concisely described. The main conclusions portray research on translation written in Galician as a corpus with over two decades of history and increasing productivity. This bibliographic repertoire is focused on the analysis of Galician language and culture, although in the last period it does not ignore the need to address broader and international issues. Possible future developments include increasing diversity to overcome a high dependence on a single local specialized journal and the advisability of increasing academic co-authorship and research networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Madrygal: Revista de Estudios Gallegos is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Language & Law / Revista de Llengua i Dret is the property of Revista de Llengua i Dret and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper analyzes the properties and distribution of the forms ser and estar when combined with adjectival complements in copular sentences in Iberoromance languages. The paper sets a detailed data paradigm that brings into light several differences between Western Iberian Romance languages (Galician, Portuguese, Castilian) and Eastern ones (like Catalan). The explanation relies on the hypothesis developed in Gumiel-Molina, Moreno-Quibén and Pérez-Jiménez 2015a to account for the properties of the «copula + adjective» structure in Spanish. The specificities shown by Catalan can be explained if one auxiliary hypothesis is assumed: a process of linguistic change is taking place in Catalan so that two estar forms coexist synchronically. Moreover, it will be proposed that the form estar in Western Iberian languages underwent a grammaticalization process that accounts for the fact that the so-called «evidential use of estar» is fully extended in these languages, but not in Catalan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Madrygal: Revista de Estudios Gallegos is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Madrygal: Revista de Estudios Gallegos is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)