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Background: Although relatively uncommon, lymphoma is the most prevalent haematopoietic neoplasia in horses, and multicentric lymphoma remains the most common presentation of the disease. The pathogenesis of equine lymphoma is still poorly understood and the diagnosis is usually confirmed at an advanced stage of the disease, compromising the prognosis. This study investigated the clinical, pathological and molecular features of a case of equine multicentric lymphoma. Case Description: An apparently healthy 5-year-old crossbreed mare hospitalized at Centre of Animal Reproduction of Vairao (CRAV), Portugal, suddenly presented clinical signs of supraorbital oedema and mandibular lymph node enlargement, developing fever, facial oedema and generalized lymphadenopathy. The mare ended up dying twenty-four days after the first clinical signs due to multisystem organ failure. Haematological and biochemical analyses, necropsy and microscopic and molecular evaluation of affected tissues were performed. At necropsy, the main findings were multiple multinodular lesions, distributed along the serous surface of oropharynx, trachea, pericardium, gastrointestinal tract and mesentery. Microscopically, these consisted of solid proliferations of neoplastic round cells that exhibited immunopositivity for CD3 (T cells). Based on these findings, a medium-grade multicentric T-cell lymphoma was diagnosed. Conclusion: There is still very little research regarding the molecular characterization of lymphoma in horses. As an entity itself quite heterogeneous, it is important to describe the interspecies particularities to understand its development and behaviour. [Open Vet J 2024; 14(5.000): 1294-1301]

The benefits of risk management in the context of project portfolios have been widely recognized in the literature. However, approaches that assess the risk of organizational development project portfolios from the perspective of how the portfolio delivers value to the parent organization remain largely unexplored. To address this gap, our research takes a constructivist approach and an organizational perspective on project portfolios. We conducted twenty-eight semi-structured interviews and used thematic analysis to identify and relate four themes of a comprehensive project portfolio risk assessment (PPRA) framework: "project portfolio as the organizational unit for PPRA"; "organizational capabilities as portfolio outcomes in which PPR can be assessed"; "project portfolio levels as sources of risk factors in PPRA"; and "balance between project portfolio attributes complexity". Within the framework of organizational development project portfolios, this study contributes to our understanding of PPRA by providing two propositions: (1) The capabilities to be generated by the project portfolio can be used as the portfolio primary results on which PPRA can assess the risk of the project portfolio, establishing the impact of PPR on the project portfolio value delivering to the parent organization, and (2) The risk factors that impact the project portfolio expected results can be represented into PPRA as ‘output-related’ risk factors and ‘outcome-related’ risk factors.

Abstract Mounting evidence suggests that environmentally induced epigenetic inheritance occurs in mammals and that traits in the progeny can be shaped by parental environmental experiences. Epidemiological studies link parental exposure to environmental toxicants, such as the pesticide DDT, to health phenotypes in the progeny, including low birth and increased risk of chronic diseases later in life. Here, we show that the progeny of male mice exposed to DDT in the pre-conception period are born smaller and exhibit sexual dimorphism in metabolic function, with male, but not female, offspring developing severe glucose intolerance compared to controls. These phenotypes in DDT offspring were linked to reduced fetal growth and placenta size as well as placenta-specific reduction of glycogen levels and the nutrient sensor and epigenetic regulator OGT, with more pronounced phenotypes observed in male placentas. However, placenta-specific genetic reduction of OGT only partially replicates the metabolic phenotype observed in offspring of DDT-exposed males. Our findings reveal a role for paternal pre-conception environmental experiences in shaping placenta development and in fetal growth restriction. While many questions remain, our data raise the tantalizing possibility that placenta programming could be a mediator of environmentally induced intergenerational epigenetic inheritance of phenotypes and needs to be further evaluated.

This paper aims to enhance our understanding of project management (PM) in collaborative Research & Development & Innovation (R&D&I) projects by analysing the fit between the use and usefulness of 35 PM practices. Research results include quantitative data analysis of 465 responses to an online survey questionnaire, complemented by a qualitative data analysis of 12 semi-structured interviews. The study identifies the top-10 ‘most used’ and ‘most useful’ PM practices in collaborative R&D&I, covering the complete PM lifecycle while emphasising the importance of the project ‘Initiation' phase. Furthermore, it identifies a set of ‘must have’ PM practices that exhibit a perfect fit, suggesting that consistent implementation impacts successful project outcomes. The remaining 26 PM practices surveyed present a ‘use misfit’, meaning they are deemed useful but are not frequently used. The paper delves into the causes behind this and explores potential strategies to address it, with leadership emerging as a significant strategy to overcome practice misfits.

O suicídio é considerado um grave problema de saúde pública mundial. Compreender a sua manifestação é necessário para traçar futuras intervenções. O objetivo desta revisão narrativa da literatura foi apresentar alguns dos modelos teóricos mais recentes e citados sobre o suicídio: Modelo Cognitivo do Atos Suicidas, teoria Interpessoal do Suicídio, Modelo Motivacional-volitivo Integrado de Suicídio e teoria das Três Etapas. Além disso, foram analisadas as variáveis explicativas que os modelos têm em comum e as evidências empíricas que os sustentam. Os modelos indicam relações entre aspectos individuais e contextuais, e se complementam para compreensão do suicídio. De forma geral, aspectos associados à ideação suicida são mais bem estabelecidos na literatura. No entanto, a diferenciação e a transição da ideação suicida para a tentativa de suicídio precisam ser melhor esclarecidas para ajudar a identificar pessoas em risco de vida e formular ações efetivas de prevenção e tratamento. Apesar de ser uma premissa de modelos explicativos, observou-se a ausência de pesquisas longitudinais que auxiliam na predição do suicídio. As variáveis explicativas, sustentadas por evidências empíricas, podem contribuir para qualificar políticas públicas em saúde para enfrentamento do fenômeno.

Diets composed of whole flint corn grain (WCG) without any roughage source are often used in South American countries. The primary source of protein in theses diets is soybean meal. We hypothesized that the combination of different protein sources improves ruminal fermentation and nutrient digestibility. This study was carried out to assess the impacts of replacing 50% of the soybean meal by other protein sources on voluntary dry matter intake (DMI), digestibility, efficiency of N utilization, efficiency of grain use, metabolic characteristics, and ingestive behavior of Nellore cattle fed WCG diets. Five rumen-cannulated Nellore Bulls (average BW = 651.6 ± 31.83 kg) were used in a 5 x 5 Latin square design, randomly assigned to five diets consisting of 85% of WCG and 15% of pellet supplement with combination of different protein sources: SM - pellet supplement with soybean meal only; CM - soybean meal and cottonseed meal; SFM - soybean meal and sunflower meal; DDG - soybean meal and DDG; DDGS - soybean meal and DDGS. The replacement of 50% of soybean meal by DDG increased (P0.05) by protein sources. Protein sources also did not affect the grain-use efficiency (P>0.05), with an average value of 96.6% and only 3.4% of the corn grains recovered in the feces. The concentration of GGT enzyme was greatest (P

ABSTRACT This study investigated the effectiveness of using the X-ray technique to assess the viability of papaya seeds. The X-ray images were performed in eight replicates of 25 seeds, placed on transparent acrylic plates on double-sided adhesive tape, previously identified, and then submitted to radiation in X-ray equipment "HP Faxitron". After exposure to X-ray radiation, the seeds were submitted to the germination test in rolls of germitest paper and kept in a germination chamber at 20-30 °C for 30 days. Seedlings were photographed and evaluated as normal seedlings, abnormal and non-germinated seeds. Afterward, the X-ray images and the seedlings from the same seeds were visually compared, and the X-ray images clearly showed seeds with and without internal filling. All abnormal seedlings were full seeds; therefore, X-ray images were not able to separate normal and abnormal. A 100% accuracy was verified by comparing the X-ray images and their respective seedlings, full seeds originated normal or abnormal seedlings, and empty seeds corresponded to non-germinated seeds. Therefore, using X-ray images is a promising technique to identify the viability of papaya seeds. The automated analysis of X-ray images is a simple, fast, and efficient technique to provide information on seed viability and generate parameters related to their germination capacity.

Team resilience is a critically essential contributor to team effectiveness. However, the impact of team resilience on project management success has been little studied. This article aims to investigate the influence of team resilience on project management success in the context of information system projects. Using a quantitative study, we show that there is a significant positive relationship between project team resilience and project management success. As a result of this finding, we stress the importance of developing actions to promote team resilience to increase the likelihood of project management success, particularly in unstable environments.

This paper proposes a framework for a collaborative environment formed by a University Research Centre (URC) in Project Studies and external organizations. The framework resulted from a literature review process enriched with empirical data from twenty-eight semi-structured interviews with academics, PhD candidates, and practitioners. The thematic analysis identified four macro-elements of the URC ecosystem: Project Studies; Impact Generation Process (Partners, Resources, Activities, Outputs, Outcomes, Impacts); Governance & Management and Circumstances; and Context, broken down into sixty elements, for the co-creation of knowledge in Project Studies. The study adds to the body of knowledge on Project Studies by proposing a “Ba” for the co-exploration and co-exploitation of the knowledge generated by academics and practitioners. Furthermore, it reinforces the importance of engaged scholarship and supports the proposal of more robust theories that lead, in practice, to better collaborative project performance.

Background: Supply chains, characterized by complexity and sensitivity, require continuous mapping to address challenges, particularly disruptions like the COVID-19 pandemic. In this context, Social Network Analysis (SNA) has proven valuable in analyzing how actors in a network connect and create interdependencies. However, some studies suggest that the SNA literature needs to embrace new fields of application and develop innovative metrics. Methods: The aim of this study is to clarify the role and contribution of SNA when characterizing and understanding the challenges of contemporary supply chains. A literature review was conducted to achieve this. Results: The results reveal that SNA has been applied in a wide variety of areas (e.g., manufacturing and construction sectors), with an emerging application in the tertiary sector. Furthermore, the findings demonstrate that metrics related to the network and to nodes have been used repeatedly, highlighting the need for new supply-chain-related metrics, such as the novel concept of semi-directedness. Conclusions: Despite the versatility of SNA, some aspects may limit its application to supply chain management, including shortcomings in data acquisition and the fact that SNA only allows for the visualization of network configurations, thus preventing the capture of nuances that characterize the relationships between the actors involved.

Objetivo: Identificar através de acervo literário as possibilidades e limitações na implementação da LVSC, pela equipe de multiprofissional, com o enfoque na enfermagem. Método: Tratou-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. A questão da pesquisa foi “quais as limitações e possibilidades no processo de implementação da LVSC, pela perspectiva da equipe de enfermagem, na prática dos serviços de saúde?”. A busca dos artigos foi realizada entre os meses de fevereiro e março de 2021, através das bases de dados LILACS, SciELO, BDENF, PUBMED/MEDLINE e SCOPUS. Para a busca dos artigos, utilizaram-se as seguintes combinações dos Decs: “Enfermagem Perioperatória”; “Lista de checagem” e “Segurança do paciente”. Os critérios de inclusão: os artigos originais disponíveis na íntegra em idioma português e publicado no período de 2016 a 2021. Os de exclusão foram: duplicidade nas bases de dados, monografias, dissertações e teses. No total foram encontrados 171 artigos, após aplicação dos critérios a amostra foi de 16 artigos. Resultado: Evidenciou-se duas categorias apresentando as características das limitações e possibilidades de implementação da LVSC. Foram identificadas seis subcategorias sendo três limitações: falta de adesão da equipe multiprofissional; preenchimento incorreto/omissão de informação; falta de capacitação/treinamento profissional e três possibilidades: envolvimento da equipe multiprofissional; capacitação/treinamento para o preenchimento correto da lista e adaptação de lista de verificação. Conclusão: Os dados permitirão uma reflexão sobre o processo de implementação da LVSC, que consequentemente poderá contribuir para criação de estratégias no enfrentamento de limitações deste processo, criando métodos, adaptações e possibilidades que irão promover a adesão deste instrumento. Palavras-chave: Enfermagem Perioperatória; Lista de checagem; Segurança do paciente.

A fibrose quística é a doença genética letal mais comum na população branca, afetando aproximadamente 80 000 pessoas em todo o mundo. É uma doença autossómica recessiva, monogenética e multissistémica, estando descritas mais de 2000 mutações no gene da proteína CFTR. A disfunção desta proteína leva à diminuição da secreção de cloro e de bicarbonato, hiperabsorção de sódio e consequentemente de água, resultando no espessamento das secreções e acumulação de agentes patogénicos. Estas alterações culminam em inflamação, infeção pulmonar crónica e agudizações recorrentes, sendo a doença pulmonar a principal causa de morbilidade e mortalidade. Nas fases iniciais da doença, o Staphylococcus aureus é, geralmente, o agente responsável pela infeção crónica. Com o tempo, a Pseudomonas aeruginosa vai adquirindo um papel mais preponderante, sendo a bactéria mais frequente nos adultos. Contudo, em até 70% dos doentes, a colonização é polimicrobiana, sendo frequente o isolamento de S. aureus e P. aeruginosa, associado a Haemophilus influenzae ou Streptococcus pneumoniae, bem como o isolamento de outros agentes bacterianos, vírus ou fungos. Nos últimos anos foram desenvolvidos fármacos moduladores da CFTR, que demonstraram efeito positivo na função pulmonar, índice de massa corporal, taxa de exacerbações, concentração de cloro e qualidade de vida. Atualmente, estão aprovados quatro fármacos que atuam melhorando a função ou aumentando a quantidade de proteína produzida e consequentemente o transporte dos iões. [...]

Abstract Purpose: To provide a conceptual framework of the ecosystem of a collaborative research center in project studies. The ecosystem is an environment capable of articulating and integrating different actors, such as academics and practitioners from public and private organizations, non-governmental organizations, and professional associations. Furthermore, it discusses theoretical and empirical frontiers in project studies and produces knowledge and technologies directly applicable to organizations, generating impact at the individual, organizational, and social levels. Originality/value: The creation of a collaborative workspace that includes academics and practitioners in the co-production of knowledge has been highlighted as critical to driving project management forward. The framework establishes a common language among academics and practitioners to enhance the impact of the results of collaborative research on project management. Design/methodology/approach: A systematic literature review was carried out from a search on the Scopus and Web of Science databases, with 11 frameworks being evaluated from the perspective of sustainable impacts. The most appropriate framework was identified, analyzed, and enriched with an additional layer dedicated to project management. Findings: The conceptual framework proposed comprises four layers: project studies, process (resources, activities, outputs, outcomes, and impacts), supporting mechanisms and circumstances, and context. For future studies, we suggest adding empirical data to the proposed structure and evaluating the framework in a collaborative academic environment. / Resumo Objetivo: Propor o framework conceitual do ecossistema de um centro de pesquisa universitária em project studies. Trata-se de um ambiente capaz de articular e integrar distintos atores, como acadêmicos e praticantes de organizações públicas e privadas, organizações não governamentais e associações de classes, com o propósito de discutir fronteiras teóricas e empíricas em project studies e produzir conhecimento e tecnologias diretamente aplicáveis às organizações, e assim gerar impacto em nível individual, das organizações e da sociedade. Originalidade/valor: A criação de espaço colaborativo, envolvendo aca-dêmicos e praticantes, para coprodução de conhecimento, tem sido apontada como crítica para impulsionar a área de gestão de projetos. O framework estabelece uma linguagem comum entre acadêmicos e praticantes para potencializar o impacto dos resultados de pesquisas colaborativas em gestão de projetos. Design/metodologia/abordagem: Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura a partir de uma busca nas bases de dados Scopus e Web of Science, e avaliaram-se 11 frameworks sob a perspectiva de impactos sustentáveis. O framework mais aderente foi identificado, analisado e enriquecido com uma camada adicional dedicada à área de gestão de projetos. Resultados: O framework conceitual proposto é composto por quatro camadas: project studies, elementos processuais (recursos, atividades, resultados diretos, indiretos e impactos), mecanismos organizacionais de suporte e circunstâncias, e contexto. Como estudos futuros, sugerem-se a agregação de dados empíricos à estrutura proposta e a avaliação do framework em um ambiente acadêmico colaborativo.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the daily supplementation with a low dosage of a blend of condensed and hydrolysable tannins on the in vitro and in situ digestibility of protein and fibrous feedstuffs. In situ ruminal incubation assays were conducted on seven protein and five roughage feedstuffs with and without tannin supplementation (1 g/kg DM intake). From these same cattle, rumen fluid was collected for in vitro incubations of the same feedstuffs. In vitro assays we evaluated the gas production (GP) up to 24 h and, sequentially, digestibility of dry matter (IVDMD), crude protein (IVCPD), fiber (IVNDFD), and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N). For in situ assays, the disappearance curves were modeled and then the potentially degradable (), digestion rate (), and undegradable () fractions were estimated. Of all the variables studied, only IVCPD of soybean meal showed effect (P

One of the main factors limiting tilapia’s production is the occurrence of infections caused by Aeromonas and Streptococcus species. This work intended to evaluate a bivalent vaccine against A. hydrophila and S. agalactiae by intraperitoneal (i.p) administration in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in Brazil. The study was carried out in two phases: one in the laboratory, on a small scale, and from the results obtained, the study was expanded to a large scale in a production system in cages. The vaccine proved to be safe and effective in laboratory tests, with a vaccine efficacy (VE) of 93.66%. However, in large-scale tests with 12,000 tilapias, the VE was 59.14%, with a better food conversion ratio (1.54 kg) in the vaccinated group compared to the control group (1.27 kg). These results corroborate the efficiency of this tested vaccine; however, they indicate the need for field tests to attest to real protection.

A 30-year-old Lusitano stallion presented with an enlarged right epididymis. The ultrasound scan revealed a cyst-like formation and the histopathological examination was compatible with epididymal cyst located at the body/tail transition, epididymal spermatocele and sperm granuloma and epididymitis. However, these conditions did not seem to affect the animal's reproductive performance, nor did the semen parameters analyzed over the 8 years after the diagnosis show significant changes. Nevertheless, since the ejaculate contains mostly sperm cells from the tail of the epididymis, where fertile spermatozoa are stored until ejaculated, a deep knowledge of the different conditions that can affect this organ is of the utmost importance.

Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a major cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In recent years, the discovery of actionable molecular alterations has changed the treatment paradigm of the disease. Tissue biopsies have been the gold standard for the identification of targetable alterations but present several limitations, calling for alternatives to detect driver and acquired resistance alterations. Liquid biopsies reveal great potential in this setting and also in the evaluation and monitoring of treatment response. However, several challenges currently hamper its widespread adoption in clinical practice. This perspective article evaluates the potential and challenges associated with liquid biopsy testing, considering a Portuguese expert panel dedicated to thoracic oncology point of view, and providing practical insights for its implementation based on the experience and applicability in the Portuguese context.

Background: In this report, we describe the clinical, macro- and microscopic findings of a newborn zebra victim of a fatal trauma and its possible causes are discussed in detail. Case Description: A plains zebra (E. quagga) born in a Portuguese zoo was found in hypothermia and unable to get up. The animal was admitted to the hospital 36h later and, after the first hour of treatment and no attempts to get up, it began to convulse and died. At necropsy, subdural hematoma and atlanto-axial dislocation were the main findings. Conclusion: The inability to pinpoint the exact moment of the lesions’ onset determines the importance of a thorough surveillance of the periparturient period and parturition of captive animals. Furthermore, literature concerning zebras, their reproduction and neonatal period is scarce, reinforcing the need to report these cases.

Residents of rural settlements face difficulties in accessing health services. This is determined by the socioeconomic conditions of these populations. It is possible that these people rate their own health and the quality of public services they have access to as unsatisfactory. This study aimed to analyze the self-evaluation of health among residents of rural settlements and their assessment of the health services they use. This was a cross-sectional study, which interviewed, through a semi-structured instrument, residents of two rural settlements located in Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The instrument sought to analyze the epidemiological profile, the self-evaluation of the health of these residents, using an evaluative scale. Moreover, their assessment of the quality of the health services they access was evaluated. Twenty-four residents of two settlements were interviewed. 54.2% of them (n=13) had chronic diseases. The most reported were Systemic Arterial Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus. Among residents, 45.8% (n=11) evaluated their own health as poor or fair and 45.8% as good. The analysis of the speeches indicated dissatisfaction with the quality of the health services used. The chronic disease rates found among residents of rural settlements may be due to the low coverage of Primary Health Care close to their homes. Improving the quality of the service provided by the Basic Family Health Units closest to rural settlements can reduce future cardiovascular disease rates among this population.

Education in the countryside is a result of historical fights for the rights of property, education, social justice, and labor. The COVID-19 Pandemic highlighted the existing vulnerabilities and precariousness, and alongside the social isolation came the need to cope with mental health issues and psychosocial support for countryside teachers. This paper aims to present an analysis on the implications of COVID-19 Pandemic in mental and psychosocial health of the countryside teachers. Five countryside education professionals were interviewed, one from each Brazilian region. Online semi-structured interviews were analysed by discourse analysis. The findings showed situations leading to psychological distress as well as critical protective processes, which promoted mental health in the pandemic context. Pedagogical practices from distance have turned the situation of countryside education and its educators even more precarious and vulnerable. The pandemic accelerated processes of depersonalisation and devaluation of countryside education.

Pacientes em agitação psicomotora representam riscos para profissionais da saúde, demais presente e para si próprios. Assim, o presente artigo tem como objetivo reconhecer os protocolos relativos à promoção de segurança, especificamente, dos profissionais da saúde perante pacientes em agitação psicomotora. Quanto ao método, trata-se de revisão integrativa nas bases de dados PubMED, SciELO, Science Direct e BVS. Após aplicação dos critérios foram selecionados 15 artigos a partir dos quais foram identificadas e analisadas quatro principais categorias: ações e protocolos de segurança perante paciente agressivo (manejo comportamental, ambiental, organizacional, farmacológico e físico); causas, fatores preditivos e identificação do paciente instável; capacitação dos profissionais da saúde e notificação dos incidentes. Após análise desses fatores, é de grande importância a avaliação precoce e rápida do estado do paciente para que haja apropriado manejo, levando em consideração sua individualidade. Outrossim, é necessário que os profissionais tenham conhecimento sólido sobre as diferentes medidas, que haja eficiente organização da equipe e protocolos estabelecidos nos locais de promoção à saúde. Para isso, a capacitação profissional deve ser implementada e mantida como educação continuada, abordando os diferentes manejos e seus momentos de utilização, valorizando o aprimoramento constante dos métodos sobre esses pacientes, para todos os profissionais da saúde. Somado a isso, deve-se incentivar a notificação dos casos pelos profissionais, afinal, a subnotificação dos casos apresenta-se como um problema para o levantamento de estimativas acerca de agressões decorrentes da agitação psicomotora. Portanto, diretrizes claras e procedimento operacional padrão devem ser incentivados, procurando manter ambientes profissionais seguros a todos.

This paper describes a mixed methodological research approach for identifying practitioner perceptions of the most useful project management (PM) practices to improve project management performance. By identifying the perceived most useful tools and techniques, as having the most potential for increased contribution to project management performance, practitioners and organizations can select their priorities when improving PM practices. The research involved a programme of thirty interviews with Project Management professionals in Portugal, followed by a global survey. Completed questionnaires were received from 793 practitioners worldwide, covering 75 different countries. The results showed that the top twenty of the list of the most useful tools and techniques is composed of very well-known and widely used tools, such as: progress report; requirements analysis; progress meetings; risk identification; and project scope statement. PM practices in the top of list cover the overall PM life cycle from initiation to project closing, but particular relevance is given to tools and techniques from planning. The areas of knowledge, scope, time, risk, communication and integration, assume a high relevance, each with at least three PM practices on the top of the list.

As alterações ósseas são frequentemente detectadas em crianças que apresentam sífilis congênita (SC), constituindo-se importante a investigação propedêutica de recém-nascidos (RN). Naqueles assintomáticos, podem representar a única manifestação. As lesões radiológicas em ossos longos podem indicar envolvimento de metáfise e diáfise, abrangendo quadros de osteocondrite, osteíte e periostite. RNT, AIG, masculino, nascido de parto cesáreo com boa vitalidade, recebeu alta da maternidade com 4 dias, assintomático e sem investigação para SC. Durante o pré-natal, sua mãe apresentou VDRL 1:1, o qual fora interpretado como cicatriz sorológica, e não instituído tratamento. Com 1 ano de vida, evoluiu com dor em tornozelos, tendo realizado raio-X de membros inferiores (MMII), que evidenciou lesão lítica de 1 cm na fíbula distal esquerda e rarefações ósseas bilaterais na tíbia. Foi aventada a hipótese de tumor ósseo, e o lactente encaminhado a um hospital oncológico, onde fora descartado o diagnóstico. Teve um período assintomático de 8 meses, quando, por ocasião de lesões orais dolorosas persistentes, solicitou-se VDRL, resultando em 1:128, sem nenhum tratamento instituído. Com 22 meses, fora internado para avaliação da imobilidade e dor ao manuseio dos MMII, repetido radiografia, ainda com imagens líticas simétricas. Optado, portanto, pela triagem completa, que detectou VDRL 1:512 e líquor, tomografia de crânio e fundoscopia normais. Com o diagnóstico de sífilis congênita óssea, recebeu tratamento com Penicilina Cristalina por 10 dias, com posterior resolução do quadro. A fim de melhorar o prognóstico, a SC deve ser diagnosticada, preferencialmente, no período neonatal. O raio-X de ossos longos compõe o arsenal de rastreio das alterações pela infecção intraútero, sendo um exame de simples execução e alta disponibilidade, que pode apontar anormalidades já ao nascimento. Diante da importância epidemiológica da doença, controlar a transmissão vertical do Treponema pallidum deve ser afrontado como uma premente missão, o que exige melhor qualidade da assistência pré-natal. Investigação e tratamento de gestantes e RN devem ser baseados em protocolos claros e rígidos, para que se evite a falha diagnóstica e sequelas à população pediátrica. Ademais, o médico deve atentar-se para as diversas manifestações ósseas da SC, que variam desde dor e edema a fraturas patológicas e deformidades físicas.

Taking into account the contingency theory, this paper explores the extent to which key project management improvement initiatives and key embedding factors, identified in a previously developed conceptual framework, are dependent on organizational context, namely sector of activity, organization size, geographic area and project types. Therefore, aiming to guide professionals on making use of such framework in their organizations. Statistically significant contextual correlations were looked for in a worldwide sample of 793 questionnaire responses from project management professionals, using Principal Component Analysis, ANOVA test and post-hoc Tukey test. Context related differences found were limited, suggesting that the framework for improving and embedding project management practice is substantially generic. Therefore, the paper shows the explanatory power of the framework, which can be used by any organization independent of its sector of activity, dimension, geographic area and project types, however indicating the existence of slight differences. For example, Information Technology companies might give more relevance to initiatives such as corporate standardization and tailoring of project management processes tools and techniques than Engineering and Construction companies.

Project Portfolio Risk Management (PPRM) has been identified as a relevant area regarding project portfolio success. This paper reports on a structured literature review of PPRM. A structured search and selection process was carried out and conventional content analysis was conducted in the literature analysis of 62 papers published in international journals. PPRM has its theoretical and practical bases in the modern theory of portfolios, decision theory and risk management (RM). The content analysis reveals four main recurrent topics in PPRM: (1) The influence of RM on project portfolio success, based on project portfolio impact level, moderators or contingency factors between RM and project portfolio success, and PPRM dimensions; (2) risk and project interdependencies, highlighting resources, technology, outcome, value, and accomplishment project interdependencies; (3) project portfolio risk (PPR) identification, where four main risk source categories are identified; and (4) PPR assessment, composed of risk measures and the main methods used for risk assessment. Therefore, this study provides an overview of PPRM as a research field, while it also promotes four future research directions: (1) PPRM as part of organizational RM; (2) RM, success dimensions and strategic impact; (3) mechanisms for PPR assessment, and (4) PPRM as a complex and dynamic system.

Background Brazil remains endemic for infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and leprosy, having a major impact on public health and the life quality of affected patients. Although the relevance of this co-infection is recognized, several aspects, such as the immune response, are not yet fully understood. The objective of this study was to investigate the expression of FOXP3+ Treg cells in leprosy skin lesions and to correlate their clinical forms, laboratory characteristics (CD4, CD8, and CV), and the immune reconstitution syndrome in HIV-leprosy co-infection. Methodology/Principal findings An observational, cross-sectional, and analytical study was carried out comparing four groups of patients: those with concomitant diagnosis of leprosy and HIV infection without a leprosy reaction, those with leprosy and HIV co-infection patients with a reverse reaction (RR), those with leprosy without HIV and without reaction, and those with leprosywithout HIV and with RR. The patients were diagnosed at a dermatology outpatient clinic located in Belém, Pará, Brazil, from 2003 to 2017. In the sample studied, there was a positive correlation between FOXP3+ cell density and viral load, negative correlation with blood CD4+ (not statistically significant), significant positive correlation in CD8 count in patients with leprosy reaction, and positive relationship in patients with IRIS. The density of cells expressing FOXP3 was higher in the BL/LL forms in patients without HIV, although the difference was not statistically significant. However, the cell mean was higher in the TT/BT forms in patients co-infected with leprosy and HIV, showing contradictory results. Conclusions/Significance These findings support that higher activity of the HIV may stimulate or result in a higher expression of FOXP3-Tregs and that they may be involved in active immunosuppression observed at the infection site at the tissue level. This supports the need to expand studies on FOXP3+ Treg cells in co-infected patients. Author summary Mycobacterium leprae and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) cause infectious diseases that have a major impact on public health worldwide. Both are worrisome diseases, with some knowledge gaps not yet fully clarified, regarding their pathogen biology and clinical evolution, especially when patients are infected with them at the same time. FOXP3 (Forkhead box P3) is a transcription factor present in certain regulatory (CD4+ CD25+) Treg cells, which regulates the immune response of the host during intracellular infections, such as tuberculosis and leishmaniasis. This study aimed to elucidate a few of these gaps by exploring the role of FOXP3-positive regulatory T cells (Tregs) on the immune response during leprosy co-infection with HIV, by comparing the response of patients with leprosy based on whether or not they present a HIV and leprosy reaction. The results showed a positive correlation between FoxP3 + cell density and viral load; negative correlation in relation to blood CD4 +. These findings support the conclusion that a higher activity of HIV may stimulate or result in a higher expression of FOXP3-Tregs. However there is a clear need to expand studies on TregFoxP3 + cells in co-infected patients to further elucidate its role in the pathophysiology of these diseases.

Project Portfolio Risk Management (PPRM) has been identified as a relevant area regarding project portfolio success. This paper reports on a structured literature review of PPRM. A structured search and selection process was carried out and conventional content analysis was conducted in the literature analysis of 62 papers published in international journals. PPRM has its theoretical and practical bases in the modern theory of portfolios, decision theory and risk management (RM). The content analysis reveals four main recurrent topics in PPRM: (1) The influence of RM on project portfolio success, based on project portfolio impact level, moderators or contingency factors between RM and project portfolio success, and PPRM dimensions; (2) risk and project interdependencies, highlighting resources, technology, outcome, value, and accomplishment project interdependencies; (3) project portfolio risk (PPR) identification, where four main risk source categories are identified; and (4) PPR assessment, composed of risk measures and the main methods used for risk assessment. Therefore, this study provides an overview of PPRM as a research field, while it also promotes four future research directions: (1) PPRM as part of organizational RM; (2) RM, success dimensions and strategic impact; (3) mechanisms for PPR assessment, and (4) PPRM as a complex and dynamic system.

Oral mucosal melanomas (OMM) are aggressive cancers in dogs, and are good models for human OMM. Gap junctions are composed of connexin units, which may have altered expression patterns and/or subcellular localization in cancer cells. Cell-to-cell communication by gap junctions is often impaired in cancer cells, including in melanomas. Meanwhile, the upregulated expression of the gap junction protein connexin 43 (Cx43) inhibits melanoma progression. The α-connexin carboxyl-terminal (aCT1) peptide reportedly maintains Cx43 expression and cell-cell communication in human mammary cells and increases the communication activity through gap junctions in functional assays, therefore causing decreased cell proliferation. The Bowman-Birk protease inhibitor (BBI), a component of soybeans, induces Cx43 expression in several tumor cells as a trypsin–chymotrypsin inhibition function, with antineoplastic effects. This study investigated the effect of aCT1 peptide and BBI treatment, alone or in combination, on TLM1 canine melanoma cell viability. Cell viability after treatment with aCT1, the reverse sequence peptide (R-pep), and/or BBI for 5 days was analyzed by PrestoBlue assay. Immunofluorescence was used to observe Cx43 localization and expression. aCT1 (200 μM) alone did not significantly decrease cell viability in TLM1 cells, whereas BBI (400 μg/ml) alone significantly decreased the TLM1 viability. Combined treatment with both aCT1 (200 μM) and BBI (400 μg/ml) significantly decreased cell viability in TLM1 cells. Cx43 expression, as identified by immunostainings in TLM1 cells, was increased in the cell membrane after the combination treatment with BBI and aCT1. This dual treatment can be combined to achieve the anticancer activity, possibly by increasing Cx 43 expression and affecting Cx43 migration to the cell membrane. In conclusion, a treatment strategy targeting Cx43 with BBI and aCT1 may possibly lead to new effective therapies for canine OMM.

Purpose: The main objective of the present study is to evaluate the violence against the elderly population of the Minas Gerais state, between 2007 and 2017, in order to draw an epidemiologic profile of these events through the gathering of secondary data registered by the Information System for Notifiable Diseases (SINAN). Methods: We analyzed data from the public health system between 2007 and 2017, in order to draw an epidemiologic profile of these events through the gathering of secondary data registered by the Information System for Notifiable Diseases (SINAN). The acts of violence committed were classified according to the injured body part, the number of people involved, the sex of the victim, suspect of alcohol abuse by the aggressor, the race, the marital status, the location, the aggressor’s gender, the relationship with the victim and the evolution to death. Results: By analyzing this data, it was possible to notice 15086 notifications of violence against the elderly in 814 cities of the Minas Gerais state, and 122 of those cities had cases that resulted in deaths. Conclusion: Hence, it was possible to conclude that several aspects exist in this kind of violence, such as the victim’s gender, the type of violence, the number of aggressors, relationship, and others still. Thereby, this study highlights the need of more research on this topic, in order to offer better combat against this type of violent actions, since the increase of the elderly population is due to Brazil’s demographic transition that has been occurring in the last years.

Taking into account the contingency theory, this paper explores the extent to which key project management improvement initiatives and key embedding factors, identified in a previously developed conceptual framework, are dependent on organizational context, namely sector of activity, organization size, geographic area and project types. Therefore, aiming to guide professionals on making use of such framework in their organizations. Statistically significant contextual correlations were looked for in a worldwide sample of 793 questionnaire responses from project management professionals, using Principal Component Analysis, ANOVA test and post-hoc Tukey test. Context related differences found were limited, suggesting that the framework for improving and embedding project management practice is substantially generic. Therefore, the paper shows the explanatory power of the framework, which can be used by any organization independent of its sector of activity, dimension, geographic area and project types, however indicating the existence of slight differences. For example, Information Technology companies might give more relevance to initiatives such as corporate standardization and tailoring of project management processes tools and techniques than Engineering and Construction companies.

Most of the pathologies that affect hedgehogs are diagnosed postmortem; thus, it is essential to share knowledge between clinicians and pathologists in order to recognize predispositions to diseases and to establish adequate diagnostic and therapeutic plans. This study aimed to describe the most relevant postmortem pathological conditions in a group of six rescued African pygmy hedgehogs, performed over a period of four months. Hedgehogs were submitted to necropsy examinations and subsequent histopathological analyses. Microscopically, all the studied hedgehogs revealed alterations in one or more organ systems. Although a significant and diverse number of pathological conditions were obtained, this study focused on less common or more relevant pathologies found in African pygmy hedgehogs—namely, wobbly hedgehog syndrome, squamous cell carcinoma and mast cell tumors. Furthermore, this study constitutes the first report of Mycobacterium spp. in hedgehogs in Portugal, the second report of follicular thyroid carcinoma in an African pygmy hedgehog, the description of a lipoid pneumonia for the first time in this species and a lung adenocarcinoma—a pathology rarely reported in African pygmy hedgehogs.

In this article we examine some of the most controversial points in Newton's Principia regarding the contemporary interpretation: the assumed circularity of Definition I, the difference between vis insita and vis inertia, Law I and Law II. The main goal of this work is to offer a wider view of Newton’s writings and provide a historic philosophical approach to the physics teachers which will certainly be useful in physics teaching. We also discuss the modern terminology compared to the one used by Newton himself. Our main concern is to aid the deconstruction of preconceived ideas regarding the Principia which are fairly common among physics teachers.

O objetivo do presente artigo foi traçar o perfil do idoso de Caridade-CE, para servir como suporte de criação de políticas públicas e ações voltadas para as pessoas idosas. Afinal a quantidade de pessoas idosas terá um salto de 20 milhões, por volta dos 73,5 milhões no ano de 2060, existirá um idoso em cada três pessoas. O estudo foi de abordagem quantitativa, se caracterizou de forma transversal e de campo, através do questionário BOAS (adaptado). A pesquisa foi realizada nos domicílios da cidade de Caridade-CE. A amostra da pesquisa foi composta por 100 idosos residentes do município Caridade-CE (sede). Ao final do estudo realizado pode-se percebe-se um número maior de mulheres, com idades entre 60 a 70 anos, sendo todos os entrevistados cearenses. Alguns idosos compartilharam que sua cidade natal não era Caridade- CE, mas moram nesse município desde antes de sua emancipação política. O estudo mostra-se relevante, pois a população idosa exibe um elevado aumento, concomitante ao crescimento da desvalorização do indivíduo nessa fase da vida. O estatuto do idoso assegura os direitos das pessoas mais velhas, mas o que se percebe na sociedade é desrespeito e negligência com o idoso. É urgente a necessidade de mudanças de conceitos sobre o envelhecimento e resgate do respeito aos mais velhos.

RESUMO Objetivo investigar a influência da timidez autorreferida na desvantagem vocal percebida, de acordo com a presença ou ausência de queixa vocal, em profissionais da voz. Métodos duzentos e oito profissionais da voz (média de 36 anos, desvio padrão: 11,5), entre cantores, atores, advogados, locutores, telejornalistas, palestrantes, professores e vendedores, com ou sem queixa vocal, responderam a um questionário on-line que continha uma ficha de identificação pessoal, o Índice de Desvantagem Vocal - IDV-10 e a Escala de Timidez Cheek & Buss. Resultados dos 208 profissionais da voz, 28% apresentaram desvantagem vocal, sendo que cerca de 60% destes eram tímidos; mais de 70% não apresentaram desvantagem vocal e destes, apenas 26% eram tímidos. Sendo assim, profissionais da voz tímidos falharam mais no IDV-10 do que os não tímidos. Entre os profissionais da voz que apresentaram desvantagem vocal, 66% tinham queixa vocal, enquanto 34% não apresentaram queixa. Dos sujeitos com desvantagem e queixa vocal, 54% eram tímidos e 46% não tímidos, sem diferença estatística entre estes dois grupos. Já entre os sujeitos com desvantagem, porém sem queixa vocal, 70% eram tímidos, e 30% não tímidos, havendo diferença entre eles. Conclusão a timidez pode ser um fator de confundimento para percepção de desvantagem vocal, o que indica que profissionais da voz podem falhar em um teste de autoavaliação vocal em decorrência da timidez e não de um distúrbio de voz, propriamente dito.

Trabalho precoce é um problema de saúde pública, pois expõe crianças e adolescentes a riscos, lesões e deformidades físicas, afetando seu desenvolvimento. Este estudo teve o objetivo de caracterizar acidentes de trabalho que envolvem crianças e adolescentes do município de João Pessoa. Utilizou-se análise descritiva das informações de 62 fichas. Verificou-se que a maioria dos acidentes ocorreu com meninos (95,7%), idade de 16 a 18 anos (77,4%), exercendo atividades no setor de comércio e serviços (46,4%), causados por contato com objetos cortantes (37,1%), provocando ferimentos (27,4%) e contusões (22,6%) nos membros superiores (56,5%). Constatou-se que as fichas são preenchidas de forma inadequada, com respostas em branco, não especificado ou ignorado. Concluiu-se que o monitoramento dos agravos e prejuízos à saúde provocados por acidentes de trabalho com crianças e adolescentes constitui uma forma de contribuir com ações nos diversos níveis da rede pública de saúde, voltadas para erradicação do trabalho precoce.

Background: Carious lesions and dental fractures cause weakening in the dental structure. In these situations, endodontic treatment and prosthetic rehabilitation using an intraradicular post are indicated. However, the postspace preparation of the root canal further weakens the dental remnant, especially if there is no ferrule present. This study aimed to evaluate the stress distribution in endodontically treated upper premolars treated with different rehabilitation approaches. Materials and Methods: An endodontically treated first upper premolar was modeled for finite element analysis. Three different approaches were carried out on this model: rehabilitation with fiberglass post (FCP), endocrown (ECW), or buildup. The models were exported in STEP format to the analysis software (ANSYS 17.2, ANSYS Inc., Houston, TX, USA). The solids were considered isotropic, homogeneous, and linearly elastic. A mechanical, structural static analysis was used as the criterion of maximum principal stress to show regions under tensile stress to evaluate the stress distribution in the restoration, cementation line, and root. A load of 400 N (90°) was applied to the lingual triangular ridge. The values of maximum principal stress in MPa were evaluated through colorimetric graphs. Results: Similar stress concentration was observed for all groups. However, the ECW group presented higher values in the restoration/cement interface and root dentin. Conclusions: All the treatment modalities had favorable mechanical behavior to support the masticatory loads; nevertheless, the ECW group presented a higher risk of detachment failure.

Abstract Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be differentiated into an osteoblastic lineage in the presence of growth factors (GFs). Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), which can be easily isolated from whole blood, contains a large amount of GFs, and, therefore, promotes bone growth and regeneration. The main goal of this work was to develop and investigate the effect of a new sandwich-like bone scaffold which combines a nano-calcium sulfate (nCS) disc along with PRP fibrin gel (nCS/PRP) with BMP2-modified MSCs on bone repair and regeneration in rat critical-sized calvarial defects. Methods We evaluated the cytotoxicity, osteogenic differentiation and mineralization effect of PRP extract on BMP2-modified MSCs and constructed a sandwich-like nCS/PRP scaffold (mimicking the nano-calcium matrix of bone and carrying multi GFs in the PRP) containing BMP2-modified MSCs. The capacity of this multifunctional bone regeneration system in promoting bone repair was assessed in vivo in a rat critical-sized (8 mm) calvarial bone defect model. Results We developed an optimized nCS/PRP sandwich-like scaffold. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that nCS/PRP are polyporous with an average pore diameter of 70–80 μm and the cells can survive in the nCS/PRP scaffold. PRP extract dramatically stimulated proliferation and differentiation of BMP2-modified MSCs in vitro. Our in vivo results showed that the combination of BMP2-modified MSCs and nCS/PRP scaffold dramatically increased new bone regeneration compared with the groups without PRP and/or BMP2. Conclusions nCS/PRP scaffolds containing BMP2-modified MSCs successfully promotes bone regeneration in critical-sized bone defects. This system could ultimately enable clinicians to better reconstruct the craniofacial bone and avoid donor site morbidity for critical-sized bone defects.

Objetivou-se desenvolver pães de mel com farinhas de banana verde cozida de duas variedades: prata (FBVCP) e nanicão (FBVCN), caracterizando-os física, química, físico-química e sensorialmente. As polpas de banana verde cozidas foram desidratadas em estufa ventilada a 65ºC/20 h e moídas, obtendo assim as Farinhas de Banana Verde Cozida. Foram desenvolvidas três formulações de pão de mel por modificação da formulação padrão (P), com substituição parcial da farinha de trigo pelas FBVCP e FBVCN em 30% e com 15% de ambas as farinhas, sendo estes denominados, respectivamente, de pão de mel A, B e C. As análises físicas para FBVC foram os resíduos das perdas do processamento e o rendimento final. Já para os pães de mel peso, altura, e diâmetro antes e pós-cocção, densidade, fator térmico e rendimento, foram em amostras aleatórias constituídas de unidades provenientes de uma mesma fornada. As análises químicas e físico-químicas realizadas das farinhas e dos pães de mel foram: umidade, cinzas, fibra alimentar insolúvel (FAI), proteína, lipídios, Amido resistente (AR) e carboidratos (por diferença), acidez titulável e pH. Os pães de mel também foram analisados sensorialmente por provadores não treinados da universidade (Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro-UFRJ), aplicando o teste de preferência ordenação em 37 provadores e aceitação através da escala hedônica de nove pontos para os atributos aparência, aroma, textura, sabor e aspecto global em 73 provadores, com seu consentimento e aprovado pelo comitê de ética em Pesquisa da Universidade sob o número 164/07. Quanto às características físicas, os rendimentos das farinhas foram de 17%, e para os pães de mel, a maior diferença (p≤0,05) expressou-se na redução da altura pós-cocção para as formulações com as farinhas devido ao elevado teor de fibra e AR nos pães. As FBVC prata e nanicão apresentaram umidade em conformidade com a legislação brasileira, elevado teor de AR, proteína, FA e cinzas. Os pães de mel elaborados com as farinhas, consequentemente, apresentaram perfil químico e nutricional superior ao do padrão e foram considerados alimentos fontes de FA e AR. A acidez titulável e o pH foram maiores (p≤0,05) para o pão de mel elaborado com a farinha da variedade nanicão. Todos os pães de mel foram considerados igualmente preferidos e obtiveram boa aceitação, com IA≥ de 80% nos atributos avaliados. Conclui-se que a utilização das farinhas agregou valor nutricional e funcional, pois aumentou o teor de FA, AR, proteínas e minerais aos produtos, sem modificações das características sensoriais e com boa aceitação sensorial, propiciando qualidade sensorial e nutricional. DOI: 10.12957/demetra.2017.25127

La controversia sobre la interpretación del imperialismo como política o fase histórica del capitalismo es un punto nodal en los debates “clásicos” y “contemporáneos” sobre el imperialismo. En este punto, a lo largo de los más de cien años que recorre esa historiografía, hay una línea predominante que acercar a la comprensión del imperialismo de Rosa Luxemburgo como política preferencial del capital y no como una fase específica del capitalismo.Este artículo se propone, por lo tanto, presentar cómo aparece la noción de imperialismo en la obra de Rosa Luxemburgo, con el objetivo de demostrar cómo esta cuestión no está puesta de manera concluyente en sus textos, en los que podemos identificar el concepto de imperialismo como una política necesaria para la etapa histórica del capitalismo en principios del siglo XX. Se espera que contribuya con algunas preguntas que parecen ocultas en la historiografía mencionada.

A região da Costa Verde, localizada no sul do estado do Rio de Janeiro, nas últimas décadas tem ganhado destaque pelas tragédias ocorridas em consequência de episódios de chuva intensa, como nos anos de 2002, 2009/2010 e 2013. O relevo da Serra do Mar, muito próximo ao litoral, se contrapõe especialmente ao deslocamento dos sistemas frontais, contribuindo para a elevada precipitação nesta região. Por outro lado, investimentos econômicos ocorridos em infraestrutura rodoviária e portuária e o reaquecimento da indústria naval, em diferentes momentos levaram muitos migrantes à região, estabelecendo-se nas poucas áreas planas, e por vezes ocupando as encostas íngremes, principalmente em Angra dos Reis, uma das cidades de maior densidade demográfica da Costa Verde fluminense. Desta maneira, utilizando dados diários de pluviosidade de 12 (doze) estações meteorológicas presentes em municípios da Costa Verde e vizinhos no estado de São Paulo, foram construídas tabelas e mapas para compreender a distribuição espacial e temporal da precipitação na área. Os resultados mostraram que em Angra dos Reis são registradas as maiores concentrações de chuva, principalmente nas estações Bracuhy e Mambucaba, onde a população tem sido afetada por inundações e movimentos de massa com perdas materiais e de vidas..

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a constituição, as atribuições, a composição e a atuação da Intendência Municipal de Natal no início do século XX, investigando a sua relação com o poder estadual e, consequentemente, com a rede de parentela que dominou a política norte-rio-grandense nesse período. Pretende-se demonstrar como o governo estadual, mesmo não tendo o poder de aprovar as leis municipais por um órgão equivalente à antiga Assembleia provincial, interferia na gestão municipal, seja de forma direta, via decretos e leis, seja na forma indireta, por meio de relações simbólicas com os integrantes das intendências.Entender o funcionamento dessa instituição é essencial para a compreensão desse projeto de modernização pensando pelas redes de poder locais, já que era esse órgão o responsável pela implantação da maior parte das reformas e pela instituição das regras que visavam estabelecer os comportamentos desejados nas áreas urbanas e suburbanas da capital.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact that the distribution of emphysema has on clinical and functional severity in patients with COPD. METHODS: The distribution of the emphysema was analyzed in COPD patients, who were classified according to a 5-point visual classification system of lung CT findings. We assessed the influence of emphysema distribution type on the clinical and functional presentation of COPD. We also evaluated hypoxemia after the six-minute walk test (6MWT) and determined the six-minute walk distance (6MWD). RESULTS: Eighty-six patients were included. The mean age was 65.2 ± 12.2 years, 91.9% were male, and all but one were smokers (mean smoking history, 62.7 ± 38.4 pack-years). The emphysema distribution was categorized as obviously upper lung-predominant (type 1), in 36.0% of the patients; slightly upper lung-predominant (type 2), in 25.6%; homogeneous between the upper and lower lung (type 3), in 16.3%; and slightly lower lung-predominant (type 4), in 22.1%. Type 2 emphysema distribution was associated with lower FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC ratio, and DLCO. In comparison with the type 1 patients, the type 4 patients were more likely to have an FEV1 < 65% of the predicted value (OR = 6.91, 95% CI: 1.43-33.45; p = 0.016), a 6MWD < 350 m (OR = 6.36, 95% CI: 1.26-32.18; p = 0.025), and post-6MWT hypoxemia (OR = 32.66, 95% CI: 3.26-326.84; p = 0.003). The type 3 patients had a higher RV/TLC ratio, although the difference was not significant. CONCLUSIONS: The severity of COPD appears to be greater in type 4 patients, and type 3 patients tend to have greater hyperinflation. The distribution of emphysema could have a major impact on functional parameters and should be considered in the evaluation of COPD patients.

The modernization of City of Natal did not include only material changes. This process also implied in social transformations and perceptions. It was necessary modify habits, transform smells and senses. The objective of this article is to analyze how the journals of wide circulation in Natal in the early twentieth century: A República, the official newspaper and Diário do Natal, the opposition newspaper, represented the intervention of the state government and the municipality, respectively, in the face of public hygiene issues. As such, throughout the text will be discuss aspects of the modernization of the city of Natal in relation to urban hygiene through the performance of the Prosecution of Hygiene and the city of Natal stewardship, demonstrating how this process was limited and has perpetuated. For this purpose, will be used as sources the cited journals, messages from governos and municipal and state statutes and edicts.

O objetivo deste artigo é realizar uma análise dos trabalhos produzidos sobre aspectos urbanos da cidade de Natal (Rio Grande do Norte), destacando tanto as produções de historiadores quanto os trabalhos de arquitetos, urbanistas e de outras áreas afins. Também se pretende traçar um perfil dos estudos urbanos, fundamental para entender os marcos e problemáticas que fizeram parte do campo da história urbana enquanto área de conhecimento, que foi consolidada principalmente a partir da segunda metade do século XX. Em relação aos trabalhos sobre a realidade urbana de Natal no início do século XX, pretende-se enfatizar as produções que destacaram elementos referentes ao terceiro bairro da cidade, o bairro Cidade Nova, criado em 1901 mediante um contexto de transformações urbanas, sociais e políticas na capital norte-rio-grandense. Diante da importância do processo de idealização e concretização do bairro Cidade Nova para a história da Natal, objetiva-se investigar como as produções locais mencionaram o processo de construção e de ocupação do referido bairro.

Este artigo objetiva caracterizar as atividades e as condições de trabalho doméstico, realizadas por crianças e adolescentes na própria casa, além de refletir acerca do caráter de invisibilidade desse tipo de trabalho infantil. O método utilizado foi qualitativo com aplicação de um questionário e da entrevista semiestruturada, tratados com a análise de conteúdo. A pesquisa foi realizada em duas escolas da rede municipal de ensino da cidade de João Pessoa e participaram crianças e adolescentes com idades entre 8 e 18 anos. No questionário mosquito participaram 435, desses 61 trabalhadores. Na entrevista participaram 16. Os dados revelam um conjunto de atividades desempenhadas por trabalhadores precoces que começam cedo a cuidar da casa, das pessoas e da alimentação. Contribuem na família, que pode contar com seu trabalho doméstico para o funcionamento do lar ou na ausência dos responsáveis para trabalhar fora. As modalidades de trabalho doméstico “socialização” e “ajuda” dão um caráter de invisibilidade, não sendo vistos como trabalho, mas como dimensão de gênero ou de participação na vida social. Apesar de invisível, foram identificadas queixas de cansaço, fadiga, sobrecarga e comprometimento das atividades escolares.

O diabetes mellitus (DM) é uma doença metabólica complexa. Sua etiologia é atribuída a uma combinação entre fatores genéticos, ambientais e de estilo de vida. Contudo, sabe-se que o estresse oxidativo desempenha papel crucial na patogênese do DM, acarretando em disfunção das células β pancreáticas e resistência à insulina. Neste contexto, o fator nuclear eritroide 2 relacionado ao fator 2 (Nrf2) é considerado o regulador mestre da resposta antioxidante do organismo, sendo um mecanismo de importância crítica para a manutenção da homeostase e sobrevivência celular. Todavia, a função do Nrf2 não se limita somente à resposta antioxidante. Ao interagir com outras vias metabólicas, o Nrf2 possui importante papel na regulação do metabolismo, atuando no metabolismo dos lipídios, manutenção da glicemia, resposta inflamatória, entre outros. Entretanto, a exata relação do Nrf2 com outras vias metabólicas ainda não é totalmente conhecida. Contudo, sabe-se que o comprometimento da função do Nrf2 é evidente na fisiopatologia do DM bem como no desenvolvimento de suas complicações clínicas. A ativação do Nrf2 protege contra os danos mediados pelo DM, podendo ser adequada uma intervenção exógena para aumentar a sua atividade. Palavras-chave: Complicações do diabetes; estresse oxidativo; antioxidantes; inflamação; obesidade

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo a observação microscópica de estruturas reprodutoras vegetais ao microscópio monocular 116AL Coleman, objetiva 40x para ilustrar o ciclo de vida de grupos vegetais por alunos do Ensino Médio do Colégios Univap Aquarius, na Zona Oeste de São José dos Campos. O trabalho foi dividido em duas etapas: (a) a primeira etapa constituiu-se no estudo teórico dos grupos vegetais, ciclos reprodutivos e observação de estruturas reprodutoras de pteridófitas e angiospermas em aula de campo realizada na Praça Ulisses Guimarães, localizada no Jardim Aquarius; (b) a segunda etapa realizada no laboratório de Biologia do colégio, foram visualizadas ao microscópio óptico, soros, esporângios e esporos vegetais presentes em folhas de samambaias (Nephrolepis exaltata); e grãos de pólen de anteras coletadas de flores de “pata de vaca” (Bauhinia forticata). Complementando o resultado das atividades realizadas, os alunos utilizaram a câmera do celular (Iphone 5, câmera digital 8MP) acoplada a objetiva do microscópio registrando as estruturas observadas que foram compartilhadas nos grupos de estudo existentes nas redes sociais.

The diagnosis of sarcoidosis relies on clinical and radiological presentation, evidence of non-caseating granulomas in histopathology and exclusion of alternative causes of granulomatous inflammation. Currently, a proper diagnosis, with a high level of confidence, is considered as key to the appropriate diagnosis and management of the disease. In this sense, this review aims to provide a brief overview on the role of bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of thoracic sarcoidosis, incorporating newer techniques to establish, including endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA), endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA), transesophageal ultrasound-guided needle aspiration with the use of an echo bronchoscope (EUS-B-FNA) and transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC). Most of the literature reports the diagnostic superiority of endosonographic techniques, such as EBUS-TBNA alone or in combination with EUS-FNA, over conventional bronchoscopic modalities in diagnosing Scadding stages I and II of the disease. Moreover, TBLC may be considered a useful and safe diagnostic tool for thoracic sarcoidosis, overcoming some limitations of transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB), avoiding more invasive modalities and being complementary to endosonographic procedures such as EBUS-TBNA.