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Purpose: The main objective of the article is to analyze and evaluate the financial situation of selected companies operating in the sugar industry and belonging to the WIG Food index for the years 2016-2022. The secondary objective is to verify the relationship (correlation) between financial liquidity and company profitability and to try to indicate the direction of this relationship if it occurs. Design/methodology/approach: The article uses a literature review, analysis of financial data from the financial reporting of companies using statistical methods. Four models of multidimensional discriminant analysis were applied (model D. Hadasik, model J. Gajdka and D. Stos, D. Wierzba and the 'Poznań' model). The analysis was extended to the calculation of three financial liquidity ratios and three profitability ratios of the company. Data from 2016- 2022 were analysed in order to illustrate how the situation of the selected companies developed in the period before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings: All the analysed companies were in a good financial position during the analysed period. The most rigorous multivariate discriminant analysis models were those of J. Gajdka and D. Stos and D. Wierzba, which indicated deteriorating financial performance in selected years. Moreover, the analysed companies were characterised by high liquidity and profitability in 2016-2022. Only ZPC Otmuchów SA achieved negative values of profitability indicators in the analysed period, which was a result of negative net profit. Practical implications: A practical application of the presented research could be to draw the attention of companies operating in the food industry to methods of assessing their financial health using appropriate tools and to verify the relationship between liquidity and profitability in these companies. Originality/value: The article presents an analysis and evaluation of the financial condition of selected companies from the WIG Food index. Correlation analysis was used, and the reasons for the financial performance are indicated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To assess the financial situation of selected enterprises included in the WIG-food index in 2019-2021 from the point of view of the risk of bankruptcy. Research Design & Methods: Four models of multidimensional discriminatory analysis were used to assess potential bankruptcy risk (Dorota Hadasik's Model, Model Z6 INE PAN, Model Z7 INE PAN and the so-called Poznań Model). The entities selected for the study were all Polish companies traded on the WIG-food index in all quarters of the years 2019-2021. This condition had to be met due to the volatility of the composition of the WIG-food index on a quarterly basis (quarterly revision of the index portfolio). Two research hypotheses were formulated in the article. First, selected discriminant analysis models are an effective tool for assessing companies included in the WIG-food index for the risk of bankruptcy. And second, multidimensional discriminant analysis is a valuable and complementary tool to other methods of assessing the risk of company bankruptcy. Findings: Companies included in the WIG-food index in 2019-2021 were in a very good financial situation with the exception of two companies, which faced the threat of bankruptcy in 2019: ZPC Otmuchów SA and Pamapol SA. Three of the models used indicated that the companies were moving in the wrong direction: Z6 INE PAN and Z7 INE PAN (ZPC Otmuchów SA) and the Poznań Model (Pamapol SA). This may suggest that these models were highly sensitive. Hadasik's Model did not show any company to be at risk of bankruptcy in the analysed period. Implications / Recommendations: One implication of the research is that the number of variables in discriminant analysis models does not work to exaggerate their efficiency. Two of the models used (Z6 INE PAN and Z7 INE PAN) returned similar results. This is mainly due to their being constructed similarly. Furthermore, none of the selected models showed high sensitivity to detecting the threat of bankruptcy among the companies analysed, though they could be used to faster warn about potential and actual problems. Contribution: The research contributes to the development of knowledge on the use of discriminatory analysis models to assess bankruptcy risk of food industry enterprises in Poland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Theoretical background: The present research is founded on three motives: (1) an analysis of the Polish meat industry from 2014 to 2022 considering development barriers in that period; (2) an analysis and assessment of the financial standing of selected enterprises in the meat industry from the WIG Food index; (3) verification of the effectiveness of the employed discriminant analysis models to predict bankruptcy of the companies of interest. Purpose of the article: The research objective was to assess the financial standing and the risk of bankruptcy of selected meat enterprises from the WIG Food index from 2014 to 2022. Research methods: Four multiple discriminant analysis models were employed to assess the potential risk of bankruptcy of the companies and verify their financial standing: Hadasik’s model, Model Z6 by the Institute of Economics of the Polish Academy of Sciences (INE PAN), Model Z7 by the INE PAN, and the so-called Poznań model. In an attempt to expand the analysis, we calculated the current ratio, which reflects the company’s ability to make payments with its current assets. The sample consists of Polish meat companies listed in the WIG Food index in all quarters of 2014–2022. Data for the analyses come from the annual accounts of the investigated organisations. The methods were supplemented with a literature search on multiple discriminant analysis. Main findings: The results demonstrate that the number of variables included in a discriminant analysis model does not determine its performance. The models can warn of potential financial problems in the companies somewhat in advance. However, none of the models exhibited any substantial sensitivity to the risk of bankruptcy for the analysed organisations. Two of the models (Z6 by the INE PAN and Z7 by the INE PAN) give very similar results because of significant design similarities. The research advances the state of the art regarding the application of multiple discriminant analysis to assess the risk of bankruptcy and financial standing of meat enterprises in Poland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The research objective of this article is to compare the European Union member countries in terms of achieving the sustainable development goal of economic growth and decent work during the Covid-19 pandemic. Research Design & Methods: The study used a set of quantitative data, the realization of indicators proposed for Goal 8 of the document Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development signed at the summit in New York, 25-27 September 2015 by the leaders of the UN member countries for all 27 EU member states. The analysis was based on the tools of multivariate statistical analysis, a model method for linear ordering of objects proposed by Ching-Lai Hwang and Kwangsun Yoon - the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS). Findings: The grouping of member countries according to the degree of implementation of the above-mentioned indicated a very good position of five countries with the highest value of the synthetic measure (Netherlands, Ireland, Luxembourg, Denmark, Sweden) and a good one for Germany, Belgium, Finland, Austria, France, Slovenia, the Czech Republic, and Malta. Bulgaria and Greece fared particularly negatively against the analysed group of countries. The hypothesis stating that under the conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic most of the indicators for achieving Sustainable Development Goal 8 worsened in most European Union member states was verified positively. In the era of the Covid-19 pandemic, varying percentage changes were observed in individual indicators of achieving the above-mentioned goal in the studied group of countries. Implications & Recommendations: The results obtained under the individual indicators of Sustainable Development Goal 8 indicate the need for differentiated economic policy measures in individual countries for improving the situation in selected areas of the economy. These require a pragmatic and holistic approach that takes into account, on the one hand, local development conditions and the possibility of economic improvement, and, on the other hand, the need to ensure the health and well-being of the population under the risk of a recurrence of the Covid-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The main aim of the article is to characterize the concept of the bioeconomy from the theoretical point of view and to present its impact on the economic balance of international trade in Poland in 2008-2017. SWOT analysis of the bioeconomy in Poland was presented as an additional aim of the paper. Design/methodology/approach: The annual reports published by the Central Statistical Office in Poland were used to assess the impact of the bioeconomy on the results of international trade in Poland. Findings: Based on the analysis, it was found that all areas of the Polish bioeconomy have a positive impact on the level of Polish imports and exports. In the analyzed period the balance of foreign trade has significantly improved, despite the fact that employment in this area has decreased. Practical implications: Bioeconomy and its areas as a factor positively influencing the development of the whole country should be further developed and skillfully managed while maintaining appropriate means of financing its activities. Originality/value The article emphasizes the importance of the issue of the bioeconomy and outlines the directions of considerations for further analysis of the studied sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article's main objective is to discuss changes in self-sufficiency levels in cereal and potato production in eleven selected Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries belonging to the EU, defined as the ratio of domestic consumption of certain agricultural products to domestic production. The research period covered the years 2005 to 2019. The article focuses on the technical and economic self-sufficiency of the countries analysed. It was found that CEE countries show a significant degree of diversity in terms of self-sufficiency of cereal and potato production. The most successful in these terms were Lithuania and Poland while the least - Slovenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of the study is to investigate Polish farmers’ interest in running a care farm, which could allow them to obtain additional funding. The main purpose of the study was to diagnose the knowledge and ideas of farmers about care farms. Design/methodology/approach: The analysis used secondary data from the Central Statistical Office and reports. A CATI survey was also conducted on a group of 500 farmers. Findings: Few respondents (12.8%) were interested in running a care farm, and only 30% of those who declared a willingness to expand their core business have rooms that they could allocate for the additional services. Over half of the respondents were inclined to allocate up to 20,000 PLN towards adjusting their facilities to the needs of elderly visitors. These farmers believed that seniors should be offered a range of activities, from walks to light farm labour. In addition, the respondents recognised the need to provide the elderly with medical consultations and rehabilitation services. Research limitations/implications: A small percentage of respondents interested in running a care farm may lack the knowledge about the new business. It is recommended to conduct research in a deliberately selected group of farmers – participants of workshops on care farms. Social implications: Economic activation through managing the non-agricultural functions of rural areas is a contemporary challenge for rural and agricultural development. Originality/value: This article presents research on social innovation in rural areas related to the development of standards of operation and management of the care farm model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - The main purpose of the work is to analyse the relationship between the net working capital management strategy and selected financial results of enterprises belonging to the WIG-food index. Research method - As part of the assessment, the financial data of 12 companies belonging to the WIG-food index for the period 2008-2018 were analysed. The dependent variables were the following measures: net profit/loss (NPL), current liquidity ratio (CLR), inventory turnover ratio (ITR), general debt ratio (GDR), return on sales (ROS). To achieve the objective of the research a one-way ANOVA variance was used. Results - The research results indicate that the net working capital management strategy adopted by the companies belonging to the WIG-Food index significantly affects the achieved financial results. Originality/value - The conducted research showed that the most common differences in shaping individual financial results occur between the use of aggressive (A) and conservative (C) strategy, aggressive (A) and moderately conservative (MC) strategy, conservative (C) and moderately aggressive (MA) strategy, as well as moderately aggressive (MA) and moderately conservative (MC) strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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