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Your search keyword '"Ferouz Y. Ayadi"' showing total 3 results
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1. Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry Monitoring of Nitrogen Volatilization from Beef Cattle Feces and 15N-Labeled Synthetic Urine

Author

Ferouz Y. Ayadi, Erin L. Cortus, David E. Clay, and Stephanie A. Hansen

Subjects
ammonia volatilization, beef cattle, emission, isotope fractionation, labeled urea, manure slurry, urinary nitrogen, Meteorology. Climatology, QC851-999
Abstract

A 15-day bench-scale manure storage experiment with a slurry mixture comprising beef cattle feces and synthetic urine with 15N-labeled urea was conducted to evaluate the source of volatilized ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N). Beef cattle feces was mixed daily in a 1:2.2 mass ratio with 15N-labeled urine and added for four consecutive days to 2-L storage containers and then left undisturbed for eleven days. Isotope ratio mass spectrometry was used to determine the origin of aerial NH3-N losses from the relative isotopic abundance of N in the 15N-labeled slurry mixture. On average 84% of total NH3-N losses originated from the urine portion and were highest during the first two to four days, when fresh material was added. After fresh material addition ceased, daily NH3-N emission from the urine decreased gradually, whereas emission from the feces remained relatively constant. Calculations showed that over 34% of aerial N was not captured, suggesting that other N gas emission is significant from slurry mixtures. Likely all uncaptured N losses were from urinary urea. The study verified the applicability of 15N-labeled synthetic urine for beef slurry mixtures. However, the results suggest further research to explain and model the NH3 and N release from fecal material is warranted and to determine the identity of the uncaptured N losses.

Published
2015
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2. Twin-Screw Extrusion Processing of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Feeds Using Various Levels of Corn-Based Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles (DDGS)

Author

Michael L. Brown, Kasiviswanathan Muthukumarappan, Kurt A. Rosentrater, and Ferouz Y. Ayadi

Subjects
Ingredient, Fish meal, Water activity, Moisture, Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Pellet, Extrusion, Rainbow trout, Food science, Water content, Food Science
Abstract

Increasing demand for seafood products and rising demand for fish meal for commercial fish feeds is driving the search for effective alternative protein sources. Twin-screw extrusion trials were conducted to study the production of nutritionally balanced feeds for rainbow trout fingerlings (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Six isocaloric (≈4.61 kcal/g) ingredient blends with a target protein content of >45% db were formulated with 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50% distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) and other feed ingredients. The moisture contents of the diets were initially adjusted to 5–7% db, and then extruded at 250 rpm using dual 1.9 mm dies with varying amounts of steam (7.2–7.7 kg/hr) injected into the conditioner and water (4.3–6.5 kg/hr) into the extruder. Mass flow rates, moisture contents, and temperatures were measured during processing and moisture content, water activity, unit density, bulk density, expansion ratio, compressive strength, compressive modulus, pellet durability index, water s...

Published
2011
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3. Single-Screw Extrusion Processing of Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles (DDGS)-Based Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens) Feeds

Author

Kasiviswanathan Muthukumarappan, Michael L. Brown, Ferouz Y. Ayadi, and Kurt A. Rosentrater

Subjects
Ingredient, Fish meal, Water activity, Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Pellet, Extrusion, Food science, Corn gluten meal, Water content, Food Science, Commercial fish feed
Abstract

Increases in global aquaculture production, com- pounded with limited availabilities of fish meal for fish feed, has created the need for alternative protein sources. Twin- screw extrusion studies were performed to investigate the production of nutritionally balanced feeds for juvenile yellow perch (Perca flavescens). Five isocaloric (~3.06 kcal/g) ingredient blends, adjusted to a target protein content of 36.7% db, were formulated with 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) at an initial moisture content of 5-7%db, with appropriate amounts of fish meal, fish oil, whole wheat flour, corn gluten meal, and vitamin and mineral premixes. During processing, varying amounts of steam (6.9-9.7 kg/h) were injected into the conditioner and water (6.7-13.1 kg/h) into the extruder to modulate the cohesiveness of the final extrudates. Extrusion cooking was performed at 226-298 rpm using a 1.9 mm die. Mass flow rate and processing temperatures generally decreased with progressively higher DDGS content. Mois- ture content, water activity, unit density, bulk density, expansion ratio, compressive strength and modulus, pellet durability index, water stability, angle of repose, and color were extensively analyzed to quantify the effects of varying DDGS content on the physical properties of the final extrudates. Significant differences (P

Published
2011
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