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9. Mothers and children are related, even in exposure to chemicals present in common consumer products

Author

Koppen, Gudrun, Govarts, Eva, Vanermen, Guido, Voorspoels, Stefan, Govindan, Malarvannan, Dewolf, Marie-Christine, Den Hond, Elly, Biot, Pierre, Casteleyn, Ludwine, Kolossa-Gehring, Marike, Schwedler, Gerda, Angerer, Jürgen, Koch, Holger M., Schindler, Birgit K., Castaño, Argelia, López, Marta Esteban, Sepai, Ovnair, Exley, Karen, Bloemen, Louis, Knudsen, Lisbeth E., Joas, Reinhard, Joas, Anke, Schoeters, Greet, and Covaci, Adrian

Published
2019
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10. Human biomonitoring pilot study DEMOCOPHES in Germany: Contribution to a harmonized European approach

Author

Schwedler, Gerda, Seiwert, Margarete, Fiddicke, Ulrike, Ißleb, Sissy, Hölzer, Jürgen, Nendza, Julia, Wilhelm, Michael, Wittsiepe, Jürgen, Koch, Holger M., Schindler, Birgit K., Göen, Thomas, Hildebrand, Jörg, Joas, Reinhard, Joas, Anke, Casteleyn, Ludwine, Angerer, Jürgen, Castano, Argelia, Esteban, Marta, Schoeters, Greet, Den Hond, Elly, Sepai, Ovnair, Exley, Karen, Bloemen, Louis, Knudsen, Lisbeth E., and Kolossa-Gehring, Marike

Published
2017
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11. Mercury analysis in hair: Comparability and quality assessment within the transnational COPHES/DEMOCOPHES project

Author

Esteban, Marta, Schindler, Birgit Karin, Jiménez, José Antonio, Koch, Holger Martin, Angerer, Jürgen, Rosado, Montserrat, Gómez, Silvia, Casteleyn, Ludwine, Kolossa-Gehring, Marike, Becker, Kerstin, Bloemen, Louis, Schoeters, Greet, Hond, Elly Den, Sepai, Ovnair, Exley, Karen, Horvat, Milena, Knudsen, Lisbeth E., Joas, Anke, Joas, Reinhard, Aerts, Dominique, Biot, Pierre, Borošová, Daniela, Davidson, Fred, Dumitrascu, Irina, Fischer, Marc E., Grander, Margaretha, Janasik, Beata, Jones, Kate, Kašparová, Lucie, Larssen, Thorjørn, Naray, Miklos, Nielsen, Flemming, Hohenblum, Philipp, Pinto, Rui, Pirard, Catherine, Plateel, Gregory, Tratnik, Janja Snoj, Wittsiepe, Jürgen, and Castaño, Argelia

Published
2015
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12. Communication in a Human biomonitoring study: Focus group work, public engagement and lessons learnt in 17 European countries

Author

Exley, Karen, Cano, Noemi, Aerts, Dominique, Biot, Pierre, Casteleyn, Ludwine, Kolossa-Gehring, Marike, Schwedler, Gerda, Castaño, Argelia, Angerer, Jürgen, Koch, Holger M., Esteban, Marta, Schoeters, Greet, Den Hond, Elly, Horvat, Milena, Bloemen, Louis, Knudsen, Lisbeth E., Joas, Reinhard, Joas, Anke, Dewolf, Marie-Christine, Van de Mieroop, Els, Katsonouri, Andromachi, Hadjipanayis, Adamos, Cerna, Milena, Krskova, Andrea, Becker, Kerstin, Fiddicke, Ulrike, Seiwert, Margarete, Mørck, Thit A., Rudnai, Peter, Kozepesy, Szilvia, Cullen, Elizabeth, Kellegher, Anne, Gutleb, Arno C., Fischer, Marc E., Ligocka, Danuta, Kamińska, Joanna, Namorado, Sónia, Fátima Reis, M., Lupsa, Ioana-Rodica, Gurzau, Anca E., Halzlova, Katarina, Jajcaj, Michal, Mazej, Darja, Tratnik, Janja Snoj, Huetos, Olga, López, Ana, Berglund, Marika, Larsson, Kristin, and Sepai, Ovnair

Published
2015
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13. Fish consumption patterns and hair mercury levels in children and their mothers in 17 EU countries

Author

Castaño, Argelia, Cutanda, Francisco, Esteban, Marta, Pärt, Peter, Navarro, Carmen, Gómez, Silvia, Rosado, Montserrat, López, Ana, López, Estrella, Exley, Karen, Schindler, Birgit K., Govarts, Eva, Casteleyn, Ludwine, Kolossa-Gehring, Marike, Fiddicke, Ulrike, Koch, Holger, Angerer, Jürgen, Hond, Elly Den, Schoeters, Greet, Sepai, Ovnair, Horvat, Milena, Knudsen, Lisbeth E., Aerts, Dominique, Joas, Anke, Biot, Pierre, Joas, Reinhard, Jiménez-Guerrero, José A., Diaz, Gema, Pirard, Catherine, Katsonouri, Andromachi, Cerna, Milena, Gutleb, Arno C., Ligocka, Danuta, Reis, Fátima M, Berglund, Marika, Lupsa, Ioana-Rodica, Halzlová, Katarína, Charlier, Corinne, Cullen, Elizabeth, Hadjipanayis, Adamos, Krsková, Andrea, Jensen, Janne F, Nielsen, Jeanette K, Schwedler, Gerda, Wilhelm, Michael, Rudnai, Peter, Középesy, Szilvia, Davidson, Fred, Fischer, Mark E., Janasik, Beata, Namorado, Sónia, Gurzau, Anca E., Jajcaj, Michal, Mazej, Darja, Tratnik, Janja Snoj, Larsson, Kristin, Lehmann, Andrea, Crettaz, Pierre, Lavranos, Giagkos, and Posada, Manuel

Published
2015
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14. Policy recommendations and cost implications for a more sustainable framework for European human biomonitoring surveys

Author

Joas, Anke, Knudsen, Lisbeth E., Kolossa-Gehring, Marike, Sepai, Ovnair, Casteleyn, Ludwine, Schoeters, Greet, Angerer, Jürgen, Castaño, Argelia, Aerts, Dominique, Biot, Pierre, Horvat, Milena, Bloemen, Louis, Reis, M. Fátima, Lupsa, Ioana-Rodica, Katsonouri, Andromachi, Cerna, Milena, Berglund, Marika, Crettaz, Pierre, Rudnai, Peter, Halzlova, Katarina, Mulcahy, Maurice, Gutleb, Arno C., Fischer, Marc E., Becher, Georg, Fréry, Nadine, Jensen, Genon, Van Vliet, Lisette, Koch, Holger M., Hond, Elly Den, Fiddicke, Ulrike, Esteban, Marta, Exley, Karen, Schwedler, Gerda, Seiwert, Margarete, Ligocka, Danuta, Hohenblum, Philipp, Kyrtopoulos, Soterios, Botsivali, Maria, DeFelip, Elena, Guillou, Claude, Reniero, Fabiano, Grazuleviciene, Regina, Veidebaum, Toomas, Mørck, Thit A., Nielsen, Jeanette K.S., Jensen, Janne F., Rivas, Teresa C., Sanchez, Jinny, Koppen, Gudrun, Smolders, Roel, Kozepesy, Szilvia, Hadjipanayis, Adamos, Krskova, Andrea, Mannion, Rory, Jakubowski, Marek, Fucic, J. Aleksandra, Pereira-Miguel, Jose, Gurzau, Anca E., Jajcaj, Michal, Mazej, Darja, Tratnik, Janja Snoj, Lehmann, Andrea, Larsson, Kristin, Dumez, Birgit, and Joas, Reinhard

Published
2015
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15. Exposure determinants of cadmium in European mothers and their children

Author

Berglund, Marika, Larsson, Kristin, Grandér, Margaretha, Casteleyn, Ludwine, Kolossa-Gehring, Marike, Schwedler, Gerda, Castaño, Argelia, Esteban, Marta, Angerer, Jürgen, Koch, Holger M., Schindler, Birgit K., Schoeters, Greet, Smolders, Roel, Exley, Karen, Sepai, Ovnair, Blumen, Luies, Horvat, Milena, Knudsen, Lisbeth E., Mørck, Thit A., Joas, Anke, Joas, Reinhard, Biot, Pierre, Aerts, Dominique, De Cremer, Koen, Van Overmeire, Ilse, Katsonouri, Andromachi, Hadjipanayis, Adamos, Cerna, Milena, Krskova, Andrea, Nielsen, Jeanette K.S., Jensen, Janne Fangel, Rudnai, Peter, Kozepesy, Szilvia, Griffin, Chris, Nesbitt, Ian, Gutleb, Arno C., Fischer, Marc E., Ligocka, Danuta, Jakubowski, Marek, Reis, M. Fátima, Namorado, Sónia, Lupsa, Ioana-Rodica, Gurzau, Anca E., Halzlova, Katarina, Jajcaj, Michal, Mazej, Darja, Tratnik, Janja Snoj, Lopez, Ana, Cañas, Ana, Lehmann, Andrea, Crettaz, Pierre, Hond, Elly Den, and Govarts, Eva

Published
2015
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16. Lessons learnt on recruitment and fieldwork from a pilot European human biomonitoring survey

Author

Fiddicke, Ulrike, Becker, Kerstin, Schwedler, Gerda, Seiwert, Margarete, Joas, Reinhard, Joas, Anke, Biot, Pierre, Aerts, Dominique, Casteleyn, Ludwine, Dumez, Birgit, Castaño, Argelia, Esteban, Marta, Angerer, Jürgen, Koch, Holger M., Schoeters, Greet, Hond, Elly Den, Sepai, Ovnair, Exley, Karen, Knudsen, Lisbeth E., Horvat, Milena, Bloemen, Louis, Katsonouri, Andromachi, Hadjipanayis, Adamos, Cerna, Milena, Krsková, Andrea, Jensen, Janne Fangel, Nielsen, Jeanette K.S., Rudnai, Peter, Közepésy, Szilvia, Gutleb, Arno C., Fischer, Marc E., Ligocka, Danuta, Kamińska, Joanna, Reis, M. Fátima, Namorado, Sónia, Lupsa, Ioana-Rodica, Gurzau, Anca E., Halzlová, Katarína, Mazej, Darja, Tratnik, Janja Snoj, Rivas, Teresa C., Gómez, Silvia, Berglund, Marika, Larsson, Kristin, Lehmann, Andrea, Crettaz, Pierre, Dewolf, Marie-Christine, Burns, Damien, Kellegher, Anne, and Kolossa-Gehring, Marike

Published
2015
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17. Urinary BPA measurements in children and mothers from six European member states: Overall results and determinants of exposure

Author

Covaci, Adrian, Hond, Elly Den, Geens, Tinne, Govarts, Eva, Koppen, Gudrun, Frederiksen, Hanne, Knudsen, Lisbeth E., Mørck, Thit A., Gutleb, Arno C., Guignard, Cedric, Cocco, Emanuelle, Horvat, Milena, Heath, Ester, Kosjek, Tina, Mazej, Darja, Tratnik, Janja Snoj, Castaño, Argelia, Esteban, Marta, Cutanda, Francisco, Ramos, Juan José, Berglund, Marika, Larsson, Kristin, Jönsson, Bo A.G., Biot, Pierre, Casteleyn, Ludwine, Joas, Reinhard, Joas, Anke, Bloemen, Louis, Sepai, Ovnair, Exley, Karen, Schoeters, Greet, Angerer, Jürgen, Kolossa-Gehring, Marike, Fiddicke, Ulrike, Aerts, Dominique, and Koch, Holger M.

Published
2015
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18. The Danish contribution to the European DEMOCOPHES project: A description of cadmium, cotinine and mercury levels in Danish mother-child pairs and the perspectives of supplementary sampling and measurements

Author

Mørck, Thit A., Nielsen, Flemming, Nielsen, Jeanette K.S., Jensen, Janne F., Hansen, Pernille W., Hansen, Anne K., Christoffersen, Lea N., Siersma, Volkert D., Larsen, Ida H., Hohlmann, Linette K., Skaanild, Mette T., Frederiksen, Hanne, Biot, Pierre, Casteleyn, Ludwine, Kolossa-Gehring, Marike, Schwedler, Gerda, Castaño, Argelia, Angerer, Jürgen, Koch, Holger M., Esteban, Marta, Schoeters, Greet, Den Hond, Elly, Exley, Karen, Sepai, Ovnair, Bloemen, Louis, Joas, Reinhard, Joas, Anke, Fiddicke, Ulrike, Lopez, Ana, Cañas, Ana, Aerts, Dominique, and Knudsen, Lisbeth E.

Published
2015
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19. The European COPHES/DEMOCOPHES project: Towards transnational comparability and reliability of human biomonitoring results

Author

Schindler, Birgit Karin, Esteban, Marta, Koch, Holger Martin, Castano, Argelia, Koslitz, Stephan, Cañas, Ana, Casteleyn, Ludwine, Kolossa-Gehring, Marike, Schwedler, Gerda, Schoeters, Greet, Hond, Elly Den, Sepai, Ovnair, Exley, Karen, Bloemen, Louis, Horvat, Milena, Knudsen, Lisbeth E., Joas, Anke, Joas, Reinhard, Biot, Pierre, Aerts, Dominique, Lopez, Ana, Huetos, Olga, Katsonouri, Andromachi, Maurer-Chronakis, Katja, Kasparova, Lucie, Vrbík, Karel, Rudnai, Peter, Naray, Miklos, Guignard, Cedric, Fischer, Marc E., Ligocka, Danuta, Janasik, Beata, Reis, M. Fátima, Namorado, Sónia, Pop, Cristian, Dumitrascu, Irina, Halzlova, Katarina, Fabianova, Eleonora, Mazej, Darja, Tratnik, Janja Snoj, Berglund, Marika, Jönsson, Bo, Lehmann, Andrea, Crettaz, Pierre, Frederiksen, Hanne, Nielsen, Flemming, McGrath, Helena, Nesbitt, Ian, De Cremer, Koen, Vanermen, Guido, Koppen, Gudrun, Wilhelm, Michael, Becker, Kerstin, and Angerer, Jürgen

Published
2014
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20. A systematic approach for designing a HBM Pilot Study for Europe

Author

Becker, Kerstin, Seiwert, Margarete, Casteleyn, Ludwine, Joas, Reinhard, Joas, Anke, Biot, Pierre, Aerts, Dominique, Castaño, Argelia, Esteban, Marta, Angerer, Jürgen, Koch, Holger M., Schoeters, Greet, Hond, Elly Den, Sepai, Ovnair, Exley, Karen, Knudsen, Lisbeth E., Horvat, Milena, Bloemen, Louis, and Kolossa-Gehring, Marike

Published
2014
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21. Hair mercury and urinary cadmium levels in Belgian children and their mothers within the framework of the COPHES/DEMOCOPHES projects

Author

Pirard, Catherine, Koppen, Gudrun, De Cremer, Koen, Van Overmeire, Ilse, Govarts, Eva, Dewolf, Marie-Christine, Van De Mieroop, Els, Aerts, Dominique, Biot, Pierre, Casteleyn, Ludwine, Kolossa-Gehring, Marike, Schwedler, Gerda, Angerer, Jürgen, Koch, Holger M., Schindler, Birgit K., Castaño, Argelia, Esteban, Marta, Schoeters, Greet, Den Hond, Elly, Sepai, Ovnair, Exley, Karen, Horvat, Milena, Bloemen, Louis, Knudsen, Lisbeth E., Joas, Reinhard, Joas, Anke, Van Loco, Joris, and Charlier, Corinne

Published
2014
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22. Estimating the Impact of Air Pollution on Healthcare-Seeking Behaviour by Applying a Difference-in-Differences Method to Syndromic Surveillance Data

Author

Morbey, Roger, Smith, Gillian, Exley, Karen, Charlett, André, De Angelis, Daniela, Harcourt, Sally, Gonzalez, Felipe, Lake, Iain, Dobney, Alec, Elliot, Alex, Morbey, Roger [0000-0001-8543-477X], Elliot, Alex [0000-0002-6414-3065], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
Air Pollutants, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, public health, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, State Medicine, Air Pollution, Acute Disease, Humans, epidemiology, syndromic surveillance, health burden, air pollution, Bronchitis, Sentinel Surveillance
Abstract

Syndromic surveillance data were used to estimate the direct impact of air pollution on healthcare-seeking behaviour, between 1 April 2012 and 31 December 2017. A difference-in-differences approach was used to control for spatial and temporal variations that were not due to air pollution and a meta-analysis was conducted to combine estimates from different pollution periods. Significant increases were found in general practitioner (GP) out-of-hours consultations, including a 98% increase (2–386, 95% confidence interval) in acute bronchitis and a 16% (3–30) increase in National Health Service (NHS) 111 calls for eye problems. However, the numbers involved are small; for instance, roughly one extra acute bronchitis consultation in a local authority on a day when air quality is poor. These results provide additional information for healthcare planners on the impacts of localised poor air quality. However, further work is required to identify the separate impact of different pollutants.

Published
2022
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23. The Burden of Respiratory Disease from Formaldehyde, Damp and Mould in English Housing.

Author

Clark, Sierra N., Lam, Holly C. Y., Goode, Emma-Jane, Marczylo, Emma L., Exley, Karen S., and Dimitroulopoulou, Sani

Subjects
INDOOR air pollution, FORMALDEHYDE, RESPIRATORY diseases, INDOOR air quality, OCCUPATIONAL exposure, ETHNICITY, ASTHMA in children
Abstract

Quantifying the burden of disease from exposure to poor indoor air pollution can support policy development. In England, there is current regulatory and public attention on the health implications of residential exposure to formaldehyde, damp and mould. However, there is scarce information on these health impacts at the population scale. As such, we assessed the burden of key respiratory diseases from residential formaldehyde, damp and/or mould for the English population aged 0–14 and 15–49. We obtained data on the percentage of dwellings affected by damp and/or mould from the English Housing Survey and estimated the distribution of residential formaldehyde concentrations (annual average (μg/m3)) by pooling data from monitoring studies conducted in England. Exposures were combined with epidemiological relationships and national health data to estimate Population Attributable Fractions (PAFs), disease incidence, and Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) lost associated with residential formaldehyde or damp and/or mould exposure in England. We made estimates for the year 2019 but also looked back several years in time. Exposure to formaldehyde was associated with approximately 4000 new cases of childhood asthma (~800 DALYs lost) in 2019, though the estimates were sensitive to the placement of the lower exposure threshold. Exposure to damp and/or mould was associated with approximately 5000 new cases of asthma (~2200 DALYs) and approximately 8500 lower respiratory infections (~600 DALYs) among children and adults in 2019, though the PAFs were unequally distributed across dwellings based on income and ethnicity. Alternative data sources suggest that the percentage of dwellings affected by damp and/or mould may even be higher, resulting in a possible 3–8-fold greater number of cases and DALYs. Our assessment emphasizes a potential respiratory health burden in England associated with residential formaldehyde as well as damp and/or mould, further highlighting the public health importance of good indoor air quality and good quality housing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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24. The Danish contribution to the European DEMOCOPHES project: A description of cadmium, cotinine and mercury levels in Danish mother-child pairs and the perspectives of supplementary sampling and measurements

Author

Mrck, Thit A., Nielsen, Flemming, Nielsen, Jeanette K.S., Jensen, Janne F., Hansen, Pernille W., Hansen, Anne K., Christoffersen, Lea N., Siersma, Volkert D., Larsen, Ida H., Hohlmann, Linette K., Skaanild, Mette T., Frederiksen, Hanne, Biot, Pierre, Casteleyn, Ludwine, Kolossa-Gehring, Marike, Schwedler, Gerda, Castaño, Argelia, Angerer, Jürgen, Koch, Holger M., Esteban, Marta, Schoeters, Greet, Den Hond, Elly, Exley, Karen, Sepai, Ovnair, Bloemen, Louis, Joas, Reinhard, Joas, Anke, Fiddicke, Ulrike, Lopez, Ana, Cañas, Ana, Aerts, Dominique, and Knudsen, Lisbeth E.

Published
2015
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25. Pilot study testing a European human biomonitoring framework for biomarkers of chemical exposure in children and their mothers: experiences in the UK.

Author

Exley, Karen, Aerts, Dominique, Biot, Pierre, Casteleyn, Ludwine, Kolossa-Gehring, Marike, Schwedler, Gerda, Castaño, Argelia, Angerer, Jürgen, Koch, Holger, Esteban, Marta, Schindler, Birgit, Schoeters, Greet, Hond, Elly, Horvat, Milena, Bloemen, Louis, Knudsen, Lisbeth, Joas, Reinhard, Joas, Anke, and Sepai, Ovnair

Subjects
BIOLOGICAL monitoring, PHTHALATE esters, PARENT-child relationships, TOXICOLOGY of poisonous fishes, NUTRITIONAL assessment
Abstract

Exposure to a number of environmental chemicals in UK mothers and children has been assessed as part of the European biomonitoring pilot study, Demonstration of a Study to Coordinate and Perform Human Biomonitoring on a European Scale (DEMOCOPHES). For the European-funded project, 17 countries tested the biomonitoring guidelines and protocols developed by COPHES. The results from the pilot study in the UK are presented; 21 school children aged 6-11 years old and their mothers provided hair samples to measure mercury and urine samples, to measure cadmium, cotinine and several phthalate metabolites: mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl)phthalate (5OH-MEHP), mono(2-ethyl-5-oxo-hexyl)phthalate (5oxo-MEHP) and mono(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (MEHP), mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP), mono-iso-butyl phthalate (MiBP), mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP) and mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP). Questionnaire data was collected on environment, health and lifestyle. Mercury in hair was higher in children who reported frequent consumption of fish (geometric mean 0.35 μg/g) compared to those that ate fish less frequently (0.13 μg/g, p = 0.002). Cadmium accumulates with age as demonstrated by higher levels of urinary cadmium in the mothers (geometric mean 0.24 μg/L) than in the children(0.14 μg/L). None of the mothers reported being regular smokers, and this was evident with extremely low levels of cotinine measured (maximum value 3.6 μg/L in mothers, 2.4 μg/L in children). Very low levels of the phthalate metabolites were also measured in both mothers and children (geometric means in mothers: 5OH-MEHP 8.6 μg/L, 5oxo-MEHP 5.1 μg/L, MEHP 1.2 μg/L, MEP 26.8 μg/L, MiBP 17.0 μg/L, MBzP 1.6 μg/L and MnBP 13.5 μg/L; and in children: 5OH-MEHP 18.4 μg/L, 5oxo-MEHP 11.4 μg/L, MEHP 1.4 μg/L, MEP 14.3 μg/L, MiBP 25.8 μg/L, MBzP 3.5 μg/L and MnBP 22.6 μg/L). All measured biomarker levels were similar to or below population-based reference values published by the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and Germany's GerES surveys. No results were above available health guidance values and were of no concern with regards to health. The framework and techniques learnt here will assist with future work on biomonitoring in the UK. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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26. First Steps toward Harmonized Human Biomonitoring in Europe: Demonstration Project to Perform Human Biomonitoring on a European Scale.

Author

Hond, Elly Den, Govarts, Eva, Willems, Hanny, Smolders, Roel, Casteleyn, Ludwine, Kolossa-Gehring, Marike, Schwedler, Gerda, Seiwert, Margarete, Fiddicke, Ulrike, Castaño, Argelia, Esteban, Marta, Angerer, Jürgen, Koch, Holger M., Schindler, Birgit K., Sepai, Ovnair, Exley, Karen, Bloemen, Louis, Horvat, Milena, Knudsen, Lisbeth E., and Joas, Anke

Subjects
MERCURY analysis, BIOMARKERS, CADMIUM, CONFIDENCE intervals, ENVIRONMENTAL monitoring, MOTHERS, PEDIATRICS, REGRESSION analysis, RESEARCH funding, STATISTICS, DATA analysis, COTININE, HUMAN services programs, CROSS-sectional method, CARBOCYCLIC acids, DATA analysis software, DESCRIPTIVE statistics
Abstract

Background: For Europe as a whole, data on internal exposure to environmental chemicals do not yet exist. Characterization of the internal individual chemical environment is expected to enhance understanding of the environmental threats to health. Objectives: We developed and applied a harmonized protocol to collect comparable human biomonitoring data all over Europe. Methods: In 17 European countries, we measured mercury in hair and cotinine, phthalate metabolites, and cadmium in urine of 1,844 children (5–11 years of age) and their mothers. Specimens were collected over a 5-month period in 2011–2012. We obtained information on personal characteristics, environment, and lifestyle. We used the resulting database to compare concentrations of exposure biomarkers within Europe, to identify determinants of exposure, and to compare exposure biomarkers with health-based guidelines. Results: Biomarker concentrations showed a wide variability in the European population. However, levels in children and mothers were highly correlated. Most biomarker concentrations were below the health-based guidance values. Conclusions: We have taken the first steps to assess personal chemical exposures in Europe as a whole. Key success factors were the harmonized protocol development, intensive training and capacity building for field work, chemical analysis and communication, as well as stringent quality control programs for chemical and data analysis. Our project demonstrates the feasibility of a Europe-wide human biomonitoring framework to support the decision-making process of environmental measures to protect public health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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27. Why air pollution is an important issue for all nurses.

Author

Waterall, Jamie, Rhodes, David, and Exley, Karen

Subjects
AIR pollution, HEALTH education, ONLINE education, COVID-19, LUNG diseases, LIFE expectancy, PUBLIC health, CARDIOVASCULAR diseases, QUALITY of life
Abstract

The article focuses on most people will be aware that, unfortunately, COVID-19 has led to more than 4 million deaths across the world and million premature deaths are caused by air pollution every single year. Topics include the south east Asia will be familiar with the euphemistically named ‘haze' events, where smoke from agricultural or forest burning blots out the sun and stings eyes, and the air pollution is largely invisible, but that does not mean that it does not affect our health.

Published
2021
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28. S-148.

Author

Becker, Kerstin, Seiwert, Margarete, Kolossa-Gehring, Marike, Castelyn, Ludwine, Joas, Reinhard, Joas, Anke, Biot, Pierre, Arts, Dominique, Castano, Argelia, Esteban, Marta, Angerer, Juergen, Koch, Holger, Schoeters, Greet, Den Hond, Elly, Sepai, Ovnair, Exley, Karen, Knudsen, Lisbeth, Horvat, Milena, Bloemen, Louis, and Schwedler, Gerda

Published
2012
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