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ABSTRAK Minyak goreng adalah kebutuhan pangan yang dibutuhkan masyarakat untuk menggoreng makanan. Minyak goreng yang bermutu adalah minyak goreng berwarna bening kekuningan yang terbuat dari tumbuh-tumbuhan dan hewan yang dibuat secara sintetik. . Tujuan penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan mutu minyak goreng dengan menurunkan bilangan peroksida menggunakan karbon aktif batok kelapa. Sampel minyak goreng yang digunakan ada 3 jenis, yaitu minyak goreng curah (sampel A), minyak goreng jelantah dari pedagang ayam penyet (sampel B), dan minyak goreng jelantah dari pedagang gorengan (sampel C). Perbandingan massa minyak goreng dan karbon aktif batok kelapa sebesar 3 : 1 atau 75 gram : 25 gram. Hasil mutu karbon aktif batok kelapa menghasilkan nilai kadar air = 13,2 %, kadar abu = 2,1 %, kadar zat menguap = 17,9 % dan kadar karbon = 80,0 % yang telah memenuhi SNI 06-3730-1995. Hasil mutu minyak goreng setelah proses pemurnian minyak goreng telah memenuhi SNI 7709:2019 karena memperoleh memperoleh bilangan peroksida pada sampel A, B, dan C masing-masing adalah 5,32 meq/kg; 13,84 meq/kg dan 23,50 meq/kg. Pengaruh penurunan bilangan peroksida pada ketiga sampel menunjukkan warna normal dengan nilai di bawah standar maksimum yang dipersyaratkan SNI 7709:2019 dengan standar nilai bilangan peroksida sebesar maksimum 10 meq/kg dan warna dalam keadaan normal. Kata kunci: minyak goreng curah, minyak goreng jelantah dan karbon aktif batok kelapa. ABSTRACT Cooking oil is a food necessity required by the community for frying food. High-quality cooking oil is a clear yellowish oil made from plants and animals that are synthetically produced. The aim of this research is to improve the quality of cooking oil by reducing the peroxide number using coconut shell activated carbon. There are three types of cooking oil samples used, namely bulk cooking oil (sample A), used cooking oil from fried chicken vendors (sample B), and used cooking oil from fried food vendors (sample C). The ratio of cooking oil mass to coconut shell activated carbon is 3:1 or 75 grams: 25 grams. The quality result of coconut shell activated carbon produces values of moisture content = 13.2%, ash content = 2.1%, volatile matter content = 17.9%, and carbon content = 80.0%, which have met the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 06-3730-1995. The quality result of cooking oil after the cooking oil purification process has met SNI 7709:2019 standards as it obtained peroxide numbers in samples A, B, and C respectively, which are 5.32 meq/kg; 13.84 meq/kg, and 23.50 meq/kg. The influence of reducing the peroxide number in the three samples shows normal color with values below the maximum standard required by SNI 7709:2019 with a maximum peroxide number standard of 10 meq/kg and the color is normal. Keywords: bulk cooking oil, used cooking oil, and coconut shell activated carbon.

Briquettes are a solid fuel substitute for fuel oil that is produced by burning agricultural waste that has been reduced to a small size or diameter, goes through a carbonization process, then molded under pressure with or without the addition of binders or other components. The aim of this research was to measure the density and water content of biocharcoal briquettes made from corn husks and cobs. This research was conducted using experimental techniques and quantitative methodology. Water content and density are the test variables used in the investigation. The research results showed that the best briquettes were obtained in sample D which had a density value of 0.584 g/cm3 and a water content of 3.46%.

Plastic waste is a serious problem for society because it harms the environment. The manufacture of bioplastics as a substitute for conventional plastics is still being developed to produce healthy and safe plastic packaging. This study aims to see how the mechanical characteristics obtained from the manufacture of plastic from natural materials by utilizing waste plantain peels and rice straws which are commonly found in Indonesia. Variations in composition in the manufacture of bioplastics using a mass ratio of rice straw cellulose and plantain peel starch include sample A (0:2); sample B (0.25:1.75); sample C (0.5:1.5); sample D (0.75:1.25) and sample E (1:1) (w/w). The process of making bioplastics is carried out by heating all materials using a hot plate at 70℃ for 1 hour. The characterization carried out in this study was a test of tensile strength, percent elongation, and modulus of elasticity. The test results show that the bioplastic with the best composition variation is found in sample E with a tensile strength value of 114.51 kgf/cm2, an elongation test value of 3.99%, and a modulus of elasticity of 2873.97 kgf/cm2. The tensile strength test value in this study was by ASTM D882-12, which is 104.72 kgf/cm2, and the value of the modulus elasticity is close to the ASTM D882-12, which is 3163.81 kgf/cm2. KEYWORDS : bioplastic; banana peel starch; rice straw cellulose, mechanical characteristic.

ABSTRAK Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sifat fisis dari kertas yang dihasilkan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan tujuan untuk mencari alternatif bahan baku kertas. Terdapat variasi persentase berat dalam campuran antara daun nanas dan kulit durian, yaitu 40%:60%, 50%:50%, dan 60%:40%. Daun nanas dan kulit durian dimasak dalam larutan NaOH 3% pada suhu 90℃, kemudian dilakukan proses pemutihan dengan larutan H2O2 10% lalu disaring dan dikeringkan. Setelah kering, pulp dicampur dengan komposisi yang telah dirancang menggunakan blender dan dicetak menggunakan cetakan kertas. Hasil pengujian sifat fisis kertas menunjukkan nilai gramatur tertinggi yaitu 90 gram/m2 yaitu pada variasi sampel 40%:60% dan nilai terendah yaitu 79 gram/m2 pada variasi sampel 60%:40%. Untuk pengujian bulk nilai tertinggi yaitu 1,44 cm3/gram pada variasi sampel 60%:40% dan nilai terendah yaitu 1,22 cm3/gram pada variasi sampel 40%:60%. Dari nilai tersebut sudah memenuhi nilai SNI 7274:2008 untuk menjadi mutu kertas cetak A. Kata kunci: kertas, selulosa, daun nanas, kulit durian. ABSTRACT The purpose of this research is to determine the physical properties of the paper produced. The research method used is an experimental method with the aim of finding alternative raw materials for paper. There are variations in the percentage of weight in the mixture between pineapple leaves and durian skin, namely 40%:60%, 50%:50%, and 60%:40%. Pineapple leaves and durian skin are cooked in 3% NaOH solution at 90℃, then a bleaching process is carried out with 10% H2O2 solution and then filtered and dried. After drying, the pulp is mixed with the composition that has been designed using a blender and printed using a paper mold. The results of testing the physical properties of the paper showed that the highest grammage value was 90 gram/m2 at the sample variation of 40%:60% and the lowest value was 79 gram/m2 at the sample variation of 60%:40%. For bulk testing, the highest value is 1,44 cm3/gram for a sample variation of 60%:40% and the lowest value is 1,22 cm3/gram for a sample variation of 40%:60%. From this value, it meets the value of SNI 7274: 2008 to become A printing paper. Keywords: paper, celluloce, pineapple leaves, durian skin.