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Background: Investigate alterations in the expression and localization of carbohydrate units in rat retinal cells exposed to cisplatin toxicity. Aims: The aim of the study was to evaluate putative protective effects of selenium on retinal cells subjected to cisplatin. Study Design: Animal experiment. Methods: Eighteen healthy Wistar rats were divided into three equal groups: 1. Control, 2. Cisplatin and 3. Cisplatin+selenium groups. After anesthesia, the right eye of each rat was enucleated. Results: Histochemically, retinal cells of control groups reacted with α-2,3-bound sialic acid-specific Maackia amurensis lectin (MAA) strongly, while cisplatin reduced the staining intensity for MAA. However, selenium administration alleviated the reducing effect of cisplatin on the binding sites for MAA in retinal cells. The staining intensity for N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc residues) specific Griffonia simplicifolia-1 (GSL–1) was relatively slight in control animals and cisplatin reduced this slight staining for GSL-1 further. Selenium administration mitigated the reducing effect of cisplatin on the binding sites for GSL-1. A diffuse staining for N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) specific wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) was observed throughout the retina of the control animals. In particular, cells localized in the inner plexiform and photoreceptor layers are reacted strongly with WGA. Compared to the control animals, binding sites for WGA in the retina of rats given cisplatin were remarkably decreased. However, the retinal cells of rats given selenium reacted strongly with WGA. Conclusion: Cisplatin reduces α-2,3-bound sialic acid, GlcNAc and GalNAc residues in certain retinal cells. However, selenium alleviates the reducing effect of cisplatin on carbohydrate residues in retinal cells.

AbstractIn this paper, Wolbachia infection in a bisexual and diploid population with a fixed cytoplasmic incompatibility rate w and maternal transmission rate d is studied as an evolution algebra. As the cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) of the population causes deaths in the offspring, the evolution algebra of this model is not baric, and is a dibaric algebra if and only if the cytoplasmic incompatibility rate w is 1 and d=1 . The idempotent elements are given in terms of d and w. Moreover, this algebra has no absolute nilpotent elements when CI expression w≠1 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background The aim of this study is to evaluate the hypothesis test results after categorizing the scale scores with cut-off points and to assess whether similar results would be obtained in that best represent the categories. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted between March 15 and 20, 2023 via the Lime Survey. The questionnaire included questions about the sociodemographic and life characteristics of the participants and the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II). Four groups (minimal, mild, moderate, severe depression) were formed using the cutoff points. Data analysis was performed with all participants and referred to as the conventional analysis group. Then, six subanalysis groups were determined to best represent the groups formed according to the BDI-II. In each BDI-II category, six subanalysis groups were created, including those between Q1–Q3 (IQR group), including those within ± 1 std, including those between 5p–95p (90% of the sample), including those between 2.5p–97.5p (95% of the sample). In addition, 100 different samples were randomly selected containing 50% of each group. Results Of the 1950 participants, 84.7% (n = 1652) were female and 15.3% (n = 298) were male. In terms of depression, it was observed that the significance varied in the analysis groups for sex (p = 0.039), medication use (p = 0.009) and age (p = 0.010) variables. However, these variables were not significant in some of the subanalysis groups. On the other hand, a p

In light of the recent technological advancements in composite yarns with multicomponent cores, also known as dual core spun yarns, their utilisation in the textile industry has become widespread. A V-grooved roller is employed to enhance the feeding of multicomponent cores. In this context, diverse composite yarn designs with varying feeding mechanisms can be employed to optimise yarn performance. This study presents an alternative feeding mechanism utilising a W-grooved roller for commercial use in composite yarn production. To achieve this, dual core yarns and wound elastic composite yarns (filament feeding varies with the sheath cotton fibre with elastane in the centre wrapped on the right and left side) were produced using a modified ring spinning system with different parameters. Denim fabrics were then produced using these composite yarns as weft yarns. The results demonstrated that the wrapped elastic composite yarns with left and right filament core positioning exhibited superior yarn properties in terms of strength, elongation at break, evenness and hairiness. Furthermore, denim fabrics made with wrapped elastic composite yarns exhibited superior breaking load and tearing force results on weft basis. These fabrics also exhibited lower growth, defined as the percentage of the fabric returning to its original length after tensile stress removal.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Healthcare professionals’ knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs regarding skin cancer are important for reducing the future impact of the disease. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated university students’ knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about skin cancer and examined the variables influencing their attitudes and beliefs about the disease. DESIGN AND SETTING: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Faculty of Health Sciences at Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey. METHOD: A total of 960 students participated in this study. Data were collected using the Student Introduction Form, Fitzpatrick Skin Type Scale, Skin Cancer and Sun Knowledge Scale (SCSKS), and Health Belief Model Scale for Skin Cancer (HBMSSC). RESULTS: The mean SCSKS score of the participants was 14.91 ± 4.23. The mean HBSSC scores of the participants were 23.58 ± 7.79 for perceived susceptibility, 14.79 ± 4.59 for perceived severity, 20.64 ± 6.60 for perceived benefits, 15.93 ± 4.09 for perceived barriers, and 21.78 ± 7.14 for self-efficacy. The mean SCSKS total scores of the university students were significantly and positively correlated with the HBMSSC subdimensions. Gender explained 1.58 of the variance in perceived benefits and 1.65 of the variance in self-efficacy, whereas the SCSKS score explained most other variables. CONCLUSION: The students’ knowledge of skin cancer and sun protection was moderate. Their attitudes and beliefs regarding skin cancer were unexpected. This study identified students’ knowledge of skin cancer and sun protection as the most important variables for improving their attitudes and beliefs about skin cancer.

Objective: To evaluate the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) and ganglion cell–inner plexiform layer thickness (GC–IPL) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) by sector and quadrant. Materials and Methods: Seventy-eight eyes of 39 patients with MS and 82 eyes of 41 healthy participants were analyzed using spectral domain optical coherence tomography. Our study defined MS eyes with optic neuritis (ON) as MS ON eyes and those without ON as MS non-ON eyes. Comparisons of the GC– IPL and pRNFL thicknesses were assessed and the measurements compared with healthy controls (HCs). Results: The comparison of the average and three quadrants (superior, inferior, and temporal) measurements of the pRNFL thickness and the average and six quadrant measurements of the GC–IPL thickness between the MS ON eyes and the MS non-ON eyes revealed statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). The average and four quadrants thickness of pRNFL and the average and six quadrants thickness of GC–IPL were significantly reduced in a comparison of MS ON vs. HC with MS non-ON vs. HC eyes (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The evaluation of pRNFL and GC–IPL thicknesses in MS ON and MS non-ON eyes may be beneficial in determining the central nervous system axonal integrity.

Self-regulation is defined as an individual's ability to control and regulate their own behavior; this skill, forming the foundation of social adjustment, influences one's ability to interact with their environment and manage relationships. Emotion regulation, on the other hand, involves the ability to manage emotional responses and is believed to establish a critical connection between social adjustment and self-regulation. In this study, the aim is to determine the mediating role of emotion regulation in the relationship between behavioral regulation, social skills, and social-emotional adjustment skills using two different models.The study included a total of 216 children aged 5 and 6. Data were collected using the Socio-Demographic Information Form, Emotion Regulation Scale (ERS), Child Behavior Rating Scale (CBRS), and Marmara Social-Emotional Adaptation Scale (MSEAS). When socio-demographic variables were evaluated in terms of social competence and social-emotional adjustment scores according to gender, significant differences were found in favor of girls. Significant differences were also found in favor of children with working mothers when evaluated based on the mother's employment status. There were moderate significant correlations found between emotion regulation, child behavior assessment, and social-emotional adjustment. According to the mediation analyses, there was a partial mediating effect of emotion variability/negativity and emotion regulation in the relationship between behavior regulation and social-emotional adjustment. Similarly, there was a partial mediating effect of emotion variability/negativity and emotion regulation in the relationship between social competence and social-emotional adjustment. It is thought that the finding that children's emotion regulation and emotion variability/negativity mediate the relationship between social-emotional adjustment, social competence, and behavior regulation will contribute to the literature.

Background: FNAC is a minimally invasive procedure and cost-effective, especially in developing countries where patients are mostly poor and surgery is not affordable. The present is the first study that examines the correlation between FNAC and histopathology in diagnosing thyroid cancers at a tertiary hospital in Somalia. Method: This study included 231 patients with thyroid lesions who underwent pre-operative FNACs and histopathologic examination over five years. Investigated clinical parameters include sociodemographic and clinical features and cyto-histopathological findings. Results: The mean patient age was 39.3 ± 15.5 years, and there was a significant female predominance (n = 194; 84%), with a female to male ratio of 5.2:1. The overall sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy rate of cyto-histopathology correlation was 91.1%, 96.6%, and 94.9%, respectively. According to the Bethesda classification system of thyroid FNACs, (n = 141, 61%) of cases were Bethesda II (Benign), of which 95.7% of patients had a benign final histological diagnosis, while 4.3% had malignancy (6 false-negative results). Twenty-two patients (9.5%) were Bethesda III, (n = 3,1.3%) were Bethesda IV (suspicious for neoplasm), and all cases had a follicular adenoma on their final histological diagnosis. Forty-four of the patients were Bethesda V, found in 88.6% of its final histological diagnosis, while 11.4% were benign. Bethesda IV accounted for 9.1%, and all patients in this group were papillary thyroid carcinoma on its final histological confirmation. Conclusion: Our study findings revealed that FNAC of thyroid lesions has a high accuracy rate, sensitivity, and specificity, allowing appropriate initial diagnostic management. It should be applied as the first investigative tool for thyroid lesions.

Abstract Introduction Herpes zoster (HZ), or shingles, is caused by the reactivation of varicella zoster virus (VZV) and typically presents as an acute, painful dermatomal rash, but can lead to long-term, distressing complications such as postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). Increasing trends in HZ cases are evident globally among the aging population; however, reviews investigating the epidemiology and clinical management of HZ in Turkey are lacking. Therefore, a literature review of local studies in Turkey was conducted to identify the data available and identify gaps in the literature. Methods Literature searches were carried out in PubMed and local journals to retrieve published articles that reported surveillance data, seroepidemiology, patient outcomes, or clinical management related to HZ or VZV in Turkey until April 30, 2022. Studies included primary data reports, case studies, secondary data reviews, and epidemiological studies in healthy or at-risk populations; HZ was the primary focus of the review. Results No studies reported VZV or HZ epidemiological data at a national level. One large retrospective study in Istanbul reported that HZ incidence rates significantly increased in adults 18–44 years of age between 2011 and 2019. Four single-center studies reported the proportion of dermatological patients with HZ at 0.43–1.56%. PHN was the most common reported complication, occurring in 8–58.9% of patients with HZ. However, out of 39 identified case reports, HZ ophthalmicus was the most frequently reported complication. Two studies highlighted poor disease awareness and risk perception of HZ among Turkish citizens. Conclusion Overall, there were limited comprehensive epidemiological data on HZ in Turkey. However, the abundance of case studies on HZ complications indicates a strong disease presence and diverse clinical management in Turkey. Further research will be important to understand the impact of HZ, increase disease awareness, and support the introduction of new preventative strategies.

Smoking during the hours prior to an examination in a pulmonology outpatient clinic may provide valuable information regarding patients' smoking behaviour. The objective of our study was to examine the association of gender, symptoms, and current diagnoses with active smoking status and smoking on the day of outpatient visits. This was a retrospective, observational, cross-sectional study. A total of 1863 patients were included. Symptoms, diagnoses, smoking history, and the last smoking time prior to the outpatient clinic visit were recorded. Males were more likely to be active or ex-smokers, while females were more likely to be non-smokers (p [Med-Science 2022; 11(4.000): 1461-6]

The aim of this study is to adapt the Smartphone Distraction Scale to Turkish and to examine its psychometric properties. The participants of the study consisted of a community sample of 399 people, 288 (72.2%) women and 111 (27.8%) men, aged between 18-60 (27.14±10.89). In data collection, Sociodemographic Form (SF), Smartphone Distraction Scale-Turkish Version (SDS), Bergen Social Media Scale (BSMS), Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), Current Symptoms Scale (CSS), and Perceived Multitasking Scale (PMS) were used. The data were analyzed through Cronbach alpha internal consistency coefficient, Pearson product-moment correlation test, item-total score correlation coefficients, confirmatory factor analysis to estimate the construct validity of the scale. Considering the internal consistency reliability of the scale, the Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient was found to be .88 for attention/impulsivity, .80 for alertness, .76 for multitasking, and .76 for emotion regulation. The item and total score correlation coefficients of the scale items were found to be between 0.49 and 0.76. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the 16-item and four-factor structure of the scale. The correlation of SDS with BSMAS, ERQ, CSS, and PMS was found to be statistically significant. The results of the research show that the SDS adapted to Turkish culture is a valid and reliable measurement tool that can be used in academic studies and clinical settings.

The aim of this study was to examine the relationships between social phobia, attachment styles, interpersonal relationships, and self-differentiation and to determine the mediating role of interpersonal relationships and self-differentiation in the relationship between attachment styles and social phobia. A total of 314 people, 197 (62.7%) women, and 117 (37.3%) men, aged between 18 and 70 years (30.60±11.66), were included in the study conducted in Istanbul. They were used as data collection tools Liebowitz Social Phobia Scale, Scale of Dimensions Interpersonal Relationship, Relationship Scales Questionnaire, and Self-Differentiation Scale. Parallel mediation analyzes were performed using Hayes's PROCESS macro plug-in based on the Bootstrap method. According to the results of the correlation analysis, weak and moderately significant relationships were found between the variables. The mediation analysis findings revealed, that approval dependence, trusting others, and emotional reactivity have parallel mediation effects in the relationship between secure attachment and social phobia-anxiety; that approval dependence and trusting others have parallel mediation effects in the relationship between secure attachment and social phobia-avoidance; that trusting others and emotional reactivity have parallel mediation effects in the relationship between dismissing attachment and social phobia-anxiety and avoidance; that approval dependence and trusting others had parallel mediation effect in the relationship between fearful attachment and social phobia-anxiety and avoidance; that approval dependence, trusting others and emotional reactivity had parallel mediation effect in the relationship between obsessive attachment and social phobia-anxiety; and that approval dependence and trusting others had parallel mediation effect in the relationship between preoccupied attachment and social phobia-avoidance. A total of 8 significant models explained between 4% and 19% of the variance. It can be said that the findings of the study can contribute to the determination of the variables mediating the relationship between attachment and social phobia and the development of clinical interventions for these variables.

This case report aims to describe a modified continuous suturing technique for firm fixation of a human amniotic membrane graft in a patient with persistent epithelial defect (PED) after a chemical eye injury. As a result of this technique, the amniotic membrane (AM) was firmly fixed to the corneal surface with eight continuous and locked episcleral sutures that resembled an octagon graft. This technique was performed in a 14-year-old patient with PED after a chemical corneal burn. Three weeks after the surgery, the PED was completely healed. This simple continuous suturing technique can allow firm and stable fixation of AM grafts on the ocular surface in cases of PED after chemical burn. It may prevent early loss of the graft and facilitate corneal epithelial wound healing.

This study aims to explore the views of the fourth-year science teaching undergraduate program students and science education master's program students regarding the effects of using the Peer-Led Team Learning (PLTL) model in science courses on the students. The working group consisted of 56 participants, 28 undergraduate and 28 graduate students. The study deployed a questionnaire and a semi-structured interview form. Content analysis was used during data analysis. The results suggested that the PLTL model have positive and negative effects on peer and leader students in terms of "learning", "motivation/attitude" and "skills". The number of participants emphasizing positive effects in both questionnaire and interview data was much higher than those referring to negative effects. In other words, more participants agreed on positive effects. Upon examining the possible positive and negative effects of the PLTL model, the positive effects were identified to be valuable for the education process, and the negative effects may be eliminated or minimized.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the long-term antibody kinetics after vaccinating with an inactivated COVID-19 Vero cell vaccine (CoronaVac) in healthcare workers (HCWs) at a single center in Turkey. Methods: For this prospective observational study, Chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used for the determination of binding antibodies (bAb) and neutralizing antibodies (nAb), respectively. Antibody kinetics were compared for the potential influencing factors, and propensity score analysis was performed to match the subcohort for age. Results: Early bAb and nAb response was achieved in all 343 participants. Titers of bAbs against SARS-CoV-2 on 42 days post-vaccination (dpv) were higher in HCWs who were aged

This quasi-experimental study explored how different online exam types differentiate learners’ academic achievement and perceived learning. The participants comprised 95 undergraduate students enrolled in an English course at a Turkish university in three groups, each taking a different type of quiz: with multiple-choice, open-ended, and mixed type questions. The results indicated that the academic achievement of the students in multiple-choice and open-ended groups increased and that quiz results improved the most for the multiple-choice group relative to the other groups. The study found a moderate level of significant relationship between cognitive and affective perceived learning and multiple-choice quiz scores. In addition, the study found a weak level of significant relationship between cognitive and affective perceived learning and mixed-design quiz scores, and between cognitive learning and the academic achievement scores of the mixed-design group. Semi-structured online interviews undertaken to further explain the quantitative data displayed positive influences of the different types of quizzes in terms of study behaviors and satisfaction. The findings of this study are expected to shed light for practitioners aiming to use different online assessment types.

The dual-core yarn structures, which make possible using of second core in the center of yarn has been the focus of attention for denim manufacturers in recent times. It is tried to gain different properties such as durability and flexibility to denim fabrics by using dual-core yarns. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of twist, elastane, and wool draft ratio on the fatigue properties of dual core-spun yarns with two core materials as wool staple yarn and elastane filament. To know fatigue behavior of the yarns forming the fabric after repeated dynamic loads that is important to determine the permanent elongation that will occur in the fabric during its usage. Experimental results show that twist is a more effective parameter on elongation (before and after cyclic loading), tensile strength (before and after cyclic loading), dynamic modulus, and dynamic strain values. When core draft ratio parameters are observed, wool draft ratio is statistically significant on tensile strength after cyclic loading, elongation before cyclic loading, dynamic modulus. and dynamic strain values. Elastane draft ratio is statistically significant on the only dynamic modulus values.

Background: The rate of violence against children is high in our country as in the whole world. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the sensitivity to violence against children and their sense of responsibility and behavior in university students studying on health sciences. Methods: The sample of this study consisted of 657 students (454 females and 203 males) studying on health sciences. “Sensitivity to Violence Against Children Scale” and “Sense of Responsibility and Behavior Scale” were used for the data collection. One-way ANOVA, Mann Whitney U-Tests and Pearson correlation coefficient were used for data analysis. Results: 27% of the students were studying medicine, 15.7% were dentistry, 42.5% were nursing, 53.4% were in first grade and 46.6% were in fourth grade, 36.1% were under 20 and 32.1% were is in the 23-25 age range. It was determined that female students' sensitivity to violence towards children, sense of responsibility and behavior were significantly higher than boys. It was determined that the sensitivity to violence against children was not affected by age and grade, and the sense of responsibility and behavior were higher in the fourth grade than in the first grade and the girls were higher than the boys. As the participants' sense of responsibility and behaviors increased, their sensitivity to violence against children increased. Conclusion: It can be said that women are more sensitive to violence against children and individuals with low sense of responsibility and behavior are insensitive to violence

IntroductionThe search for biomarkers that could help in predicting disease prognosis in the Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) outbreak is still high on the agenda.ObjectiveTo find out the efficacy of D-dimer and mean platelet volume (MPV) combination as a prognostic marker in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with bilateral infiltration.Materials and MethodsStudy design: Retrospective observational cohort. Patients who were presented to our hospital between March 16, 2020 and June 07, 2020 were reviewed retrospectively. The primary outcome of the study was specified as the need for intensive care, while the secondary outcomes were duration of treatment and hospitalization. Receiver operator curve (ROC) analyzes were carried out to assess the efficacy of D-dimer and MPV parameters as prognostic markers.ResultsBetween the mentioned dates, 575 of 1,564 patients were found to be compatible with COVID-19, and the number of patients who were included in the study was 306. The number of patients who developed the need for intensive care was 40 (13.1%). For serum D-dimer levels in assessing the need for intensive care, the area under the curve (AUC) was found to be 0.707 (95% CI: 0.620–0.794). The AUC for MPV was 0.694 (95% CI: 0.585–0.803), when D-dimer was ≥1.0 mg/L. When patients with a D-dimer level of ≥1.0 mg/L were divided into two groups considering the MPV cut-off value as 8.1, the rate of intensive care transport was found to be significantly higher in patients with an MPV of ≥8.1 fL compared to those with an MPV of

Heat waves are extreme weather and climate events that threaten public health by increasing morbidity and mortality. To reduce the health effects of heat waves, it is necessary to increase the knowledge level of the public, conduct awareness and protection activities and monitor these activity outcomes. The present study aimed to develop and validate a Turkish language scale of heat wave knowledge, awareness, practice and behavior for Turkish nationality. After item generation and creating dimensions, content validity analysis was performed. To evaluate the validity and reliability of the knowledge construct, the difficulty index, discriminant index and Kuder Richardson 20 (KR20) were used. The validity and reliability of the awareness, practice and behavior constructs were evaluated with exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, and Cronbach's alpha was used. The 15 items had a good difficulty, discrimination index and KR20 in the knowledge construct. The 14 items were yielded in EFA; 13 items were retained in CFA, and Cronbach's alpha values of 0.878, 0.768, 0.855, and 0.858 were obtained for total items, practice, awareness and behavior, respectively. Eventually, a Turkish language scale was developed that is reliable and valid for assessing heat wave knowledge, awareness, practice and behavior.